Biomedical subjects

Matthew Kaye

Publications and source records attributed to Matthew Kaye.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

SARS-associated coronavirus replication in cell lines.

Given the potential for laboratory-associated severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infections, we must know which cell lines are susceptible to the virus. We investigated 21 cell lines routinely used for virus isolation or research. After infection with SARS-CoV, cells were observed for cytopathic effects, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to measure ongoing viral replication. An indirect immunofluorescence assay was also used as a confirmatory test. The study identified 10 new cell lines capable of supporting the replication of SARS-CoV and confirmed the susceptibility of 4 cell lines previously reported. This study shows that SARS-CoV can be isolated in several cell lines commonly used for diagnostic or research purposes. It also shows that SARS-CoV can achieve high titers in several cell lines, sometimes in the absence of specific cytopathic effects.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Laboratory diagnosis and surveillance of human respiratory viruses by PCR in Victoria, Australia, 2002-2003.

Respiratory viruses were identified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in more than 4,200 specimens collected during 2002 and 2003 in Victoria, Australia from patients admitted to hospitals or participating in an influenza surveillance program. Influenza viruses and picornaviruses were important causes of morbidity in both years. Additional testing of picornavirus-positive samples suggested that rhinoviruses but not enteroviruses were more likely to be associated with respiratory symptoms, irrespective of the season in which they circulated. Detection of influenza viruses was strongly associated with the clinical symptoms of cough, fever, and fatigue; but each of the other respiratory viruses occasionally caused these symptoms or was responsible for symptoms severe enough to require hospitalization. Human coronaviruses HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E circulated at low levels throughout the study period with peak activity in winter, but overall did not circulate as widely as has often been reported for these agents. Evidence for the human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was only sought in the second year of the study and revealed low-level circulation of this virus, mainly in the cooler months among the very young and adult populations. The detection rate of all viruses declined with increasing age of the patient, particularly in hospital patients. Infection with more than one respiratory virus occurred in a small number of patients; picornaviruses were most commonly implicated in these dual infections.

Age Distribution↗

PubMed2005

Influenza surveillance in Victoria, 2004.

Influenza activity during the traditional Victorian influenza season from May to October 2004 was low with no well-defined peak. Surveillance was based on sentinel general practice influenza-like illness (ILI) notification with laboratory confirmation, locum service ILI notification and laboratory reporting of influenza detections. Eight hundred and fifteen consultations for ILI were reported from 38 general practices and 216 consultations for ILI were reported from the locum service. The average weekly rate of influenza-like-illness from sentinel surveillance was 5.4 cases per 1,000 consultations, representing normal seasonal activity. Influenza A (H3N2) was the predominant circulating sub-type, 88 per cent of which were identified as A/Fujian/411/2002-like and 12 per cent as A/Wellington/1/2004. All influenza B was B/Shanghai/361/2002-like. There was some mismatch with the 2004 influenza vaccine, which contained A/New Caledonia/20/99(H1N1)-like virus, A/Fujian/411/2002(H3N2)-like virus, and B/Hong Kong/330/2001-like virus.

Disease Outbreaks↗