Biomedical subjects

Md Shakil Mahmud Supto

Publications and source records attributed to Md Shakil Mahmud Supto.

2 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2026

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Across Poultry-Human-Environmental Interfaces.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Escherichia coli in poultry represents a critical One Health concern, particularly in developing countries. This study employed a comparative genomic approach to investigate the genomic characteristics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles, virulence determinants, of poultry-derived MDR E. coli isolates from Bangladesh. Whole-genome sequencing of three representative MDR isolates, identified with 83 globally diverse poultry, human, and environmental E. coli genomes. Pangenome analysis identified the characteristic open pangenome of E. coli, with core genes comprising only 4.6% of the combined dataset. Resistome analysis shown diverse AMR determinants, including blaCTX-M, blaTEM, sul, tet, and qnrS1, associated with antibiotic inactivation and efflux mechanisms. Virulence profiling revealed diverse genes involved in adhesion (fim, csg), iron acquisition (ent, fep, chu), motility, and secretion systems, with core virulence genes exhibiting > 90% sequence identity, whereas accessory virulence genes were more variable. Plasmid analysis demonstrated heterogeneous replicon types, predominantly IncF and Col plasmids, indicating their role in horizontal gene transfer. Jaccard similarity indices revealed moderate to high genetic overlap with global strains (~0.63 for virulence genes and ~0.55 for AMR profiles), suggesting shared evolutionary backgrounds. Phylogenomic and MLST identified all Bangladeshi isolates as ST457, clustering within a globally distributed clonal complex linked to ST10 and ST131 lineages. These findings suggest that the three Bangladeshi poultry-derived E. coli isolates are genetically related to globally circulating strains while harboring extensive resistance and virulence determinants, emphasizing poultry as an important reservoir of MDR pathogens and reinforcing the need for strengthened antimicrobial stewardship and genomic surveillance.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Endemic Circulation and Genetic Characterization of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Buffalo Populations of Bangladesh.

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus (FMDV) is endemic in Bangladesh, causing severe economic losses in the livestock sector. While it primarily affects cattle, buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) remain highly susceptible. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and molecular characteristics of FMDV in buffaloes across three districts (Sylhet, Rajshahi, and Noakhali) of Bangladesh from January to June 2024. In a cross-sectional study, a total of 622 nasal swabs from 67 herds were collected and tested for FMDV RNA using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Overall, 255 samples were positive, resulting in an individual-level prevalence of 41.0%(255/622), while 88.1% (59/67) of herds were FMDV-positive. Animal-level prevalence was highest in Sylhet (47.1%), followed by Noakhali (38.9%) and Rajshahi (37.1%). To further characterize circulating strains, eight representative RT-PCR-positive samples were sequenced, revealing the co-circulation of serotypes O (n = 5) and Asia-1 (n = 3). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates belonged to the ME-SA/Ind2001e lineage of the serotype O and the Asia-1 Group V lineage, clustering with contemporary strains from Bangladesh and neighboring countries, suggesting possible intra- and transboundary transmission. Pairwise genetic distance evaluation revealed high regional similarity, while Mantel tests indicated significant associations between genetic, geographic, and temporal distances. Comparative genomic analysis revealed largely conserved genomic regions, whereas VP1 analysis indicated that purifying selection predominated across both serotypes, with serotype O exhibiting greater genetic diversity (π = 0.11642) than Asia-1 (π = 0.05258), suggesting localized antigenic variability and possible immune-mediated viral evolution. These findings highlight the need for strengthened surveillance, improved biosecurity, and integrated vaccination strategies to enhance FMD control and reduce economic losses in Bangladesh.

Animals↗