Biomedical subjects

Mehmet Baykara

Publications and source records attributed to Mehmet Baykara.

13 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2003

The potential role of advanced glycation end product and iNOS in chronic renal failure-related testicular dysfunction. An experimental study.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in chronic renal failure (CRF)-associated testicular dysfunction in an experimental model. In additionally, we examined whether different peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids could contribute to the elevation in AGE level and iNOS expression in the testes. METHODS: Adult male Wistar rats, 10 and 12 weeks of age and weighing 200-330 g, were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 served as the control group. In group 2, CRF was induced and a peritoneal catheter was implanted, but the dialysis procedure was not performed until the end of the study. In group 3, CRF was induced and PD was performed with dialysis fluids containing 1.36% glucose and icodextrin. In group 4, CRF rats received dialysis fluids containing 3.86% glucose and icodextrin. Finally, an indwelling catheter was implanted and the dialysis procedure was performed using dialysis fluids containing 3.86% glucose and icodextrin (group 5). Chronic PD began 4 weeks after insertion of the catheter. Each morning, this fluid was drained and 20 ml dialysis fluid, containing either 1.36 or 3.86% glucose, was given intraperitoneally for 4 h in unanesthetized animals. Each evening, 20 ml icodextrin was given for 10 h. The dialysis procedure was performed for 8 weeks. The AGE level was determined from the 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (5-HMF) content of penis samples and iNOS expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The elevation of 5-HMF was significant in the testes from groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 when compared with group 1. Furthermore, the differences between groups 2 and 4, 3 and 4, and 4 and 5 were also significant (p < 0.05). Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of iNOS predominantly in the Leydig cells. While iNOS staining was significantly lower in group 1 than in other groups, there were also significant differences between groups 2 and 3, 2 and 4, 2 and 5, 3 and 5, and 4 and 5 (p < 0.05). Finally, a significant statistical correlation was found between the 5-HMF and iNOS levels (r = 0.698, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present study identifies, for the first time, a potential role of AGE and iNOS in experimental CRF-associated testicular dysfunction. In addition, we found that PD fluids containing glucose contribute to this effect. These results may lead to a better understanding of the pathophysiological pathway in CRF-related testicular dysfunction.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Tear function and ocular surface changes in keratoconus.

PURPOSE: To describe the ocular surface disorder in patients with keratoconus. DESIGN: A prospective, case-controlled study. PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-five eyes of 38 patients with keratoconus seen at Uludag University School of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, from March 2000 through April 2001, and 80 eyes of 40 normal control subjects were studied. INTERVENTION: The subjects underwent routine ophthalmic examinations, corneal sensitivity measurements, Schirmer test, tear film breakup time (BUT), fluorescein and rose bengal staining of the ocular surface, and conjunctival impression cytology. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patients and control subjects were compared for corneal sensitivity, tear function, ocular surface staining parameters, goblet cell density, and squamous metaplasia grade. The relation of these parameters to the severity of keratoconus progression was also investigated. RESULTS: The mean corneal sensitivity was significantly lower in keratoconus patients compared with control subjects (P < 0.001). The BUT values were also significantly lower in the keratoconus group. Patients with keratoconus had significantly higher fluorescein and rose bengal staining scores (P < 0.001). Corneal sensitivity and tear function changes seemed to get worse with advanced stages of keratoconus. Impression cytology showed goblet cell loss and conjunctival squamous metaplasia, both of which again related to the extent of progression of keratoconus. CONCLUSIONS: The ocular surface disease in keratoconus is characterized by disorder of tear quality, squamous metaplasia, and goblet cell loss, all of which seem to relate to the extent of keratoconus progression.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2003

Refractive outcomes after arcuate keratotomy using the Terry astigmatome.

PURPOSE: To investigate the refractive outcomes after arcuate keratotomy for astigmatism. SETTING: Uludag University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Bursa, Turkey. METHOD: Sixteen eyes of 11 patients with astigmatism had arcuate keratotomy using the Terry astigmatome. The mean age of the patients was 36 years +/- 10 (SD). All patients received preoperative and postoperative ophthalmic examinations consisting of best spectacle-corrected (BSCVA) and uncorrected (UCVA) visual acuities, corneal topography, and ultrasonic pachymetry. Surgery was performed using topical anesthesia of oxybuprocaine 0.1% eyedrops. The Terry astigmatome was selected by the mean paracentral (estimated incision area) corneal thickness. All patients received topical ofloxacin 0.3% and topical diclofenac 0.1% eyedrops postoperatively. RESULTS: The mean corneal astigmatism was -4.0 +/- 1.1 diopters (D) (range -2.2 to -6.0 D) preoperatively and -1.8 +/- 0.8 D (range -0.6 to -3.0 D) postoperatively. The mean surgically induced corneal astigmatism was 2.5 +/- 0.6 D. The mean UCVA (logMAR) was 0.74 +/- 0.25 preoperatively and 0.18 +/- 0.23 1 week postoperatively, and the mean BSCVA (logMAR) was 0.19 +/- 0.24 and 0.19 +/- 0.23, respectively. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. CONCLUSION: Arcuate keratotomy using the Terry astigmatome was a safe and reliable treatment for corneal astigmatism.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

Does interstitial cystitis urine include possible factors effecting the nociceptive system of the spinal cord?

INTRODUCTION: We investigated the effect of interstitial cystitis (IC) urine on bladder layers and nociceptive centers in the spinal cord with determination of nerve growth factor (NGF), neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and c-fos expressions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Female rats were instilled into the bladder IC urine (Group-IC), normal urine (Group-NU) and saline (Group-S). NGF, nNOS and c-fos activity were determined in the L6-S1 medulla spinalis with identification of mast cell and NGF activity on bladder layers. RESULTS: There was more NGF expression cell density in the bladder wall that was determined immunohistochemically in control and IC urine instillation groups than Group-S. While there was no difference in nNOS, NGF and c-fos activity between spinal cord regions except the lateral dorsal horn of the L6 section, localization of activities was different in Group-IC. CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the bladder wall and its nociceptive afferents after human urine instillation of some toxic compounds might be causative factors for IC. However, it is barely hard to conclude that different toxic compounds should be causative factors in IC urine in the pathogenesis of IC.

Administration, Intravesical↗

PubMed2003

Unexpected presentation of syringocele. Acontractile bladder.

Cowper's syringocele is an uncommon deformity in the male urethra that is a distention of the duct of the Cowper's gland. Symptoms attributed to Cowper's syringocele in adults consist of lower urinary tract symptoms. To our knowledge there are no data on acontractile bladder due to Cowper's syringocele. We describe a patient who had acontractile bladder and a Cowper's syringocele.

Bulbourethral Glands↗

PubMed2002

Oculocardiac reflex in a nonsedated laser in situ keratomileusis patient.

A healthy 21-year-old man had laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in the right eye for a refractive error of -7.0 diopters. The electrocardiogram findings and heart rate were recorded before LASIK; during eye lid speculum insertion, vacuum application, corneal flap preparation, and excimer laser keratectomy; and after the procedure. The pre-LASIK heart rate was 90 pulses/min. Severe bradycardia of 40 beats/min developed during vacuum application, and the procedure was terminated. Severe bradycardia caused by an oculocardiac reflex may occur during LASIK, and patients should be closely monitored during the procedure.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Primary repair and intraocular lens implantation after perforating eye injury.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical outcome after primary treatment of lens injuries with corneal or corneoscleral trauma. METHODS: Ten eyes of 10 patients were retrospectively evaluated. There were no foreign bodies in any eye. After primary repair, an anterior chamber maintainer (ACM) was introduced through the inferotemporal corneal quadrant. Sodium hyaluronate 1.4% (Healon GV(R)) was injected, and the anterior capsule was stained with trypan blue 0.1% vital stain (Vision Blue) under the viscoelastic substance. After a capsulorhexis was created, the lens material was aspirated. The nucleus was delivered from the scleral tunnel, which was opened from the superior/superotemporal corneal quadrant. A conventional 21.0 diopter poly(methyl methacrylate) intraocular lens (IOL) with a 5.5 mm optic and overall diameter of 12.5 mm (Dr. Schmidth(R), Hannan Kibbutz) was implanted through the scleral tunnel. The scleral tunnel was not sutured, and the corneal entry sites were closed with stromal hydration. RESULTS: The final best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) was better than 20/100 in all patients, and 6 patients had a BSCVA of 20/20. The IOL was in the capsular bag in all patients at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up was 12.3 months (range 7 to 25 months). The main visually limiting factors were corneal scar, irregular astigmatism, and traumatic maculopathy. CONCLUSIONS: Primary IOL implantation in carefully selected patients with penetrating corneoscleral lens injury may yield visually rewarding results. The use of a vital stain to increase the visibility of the injured anterior capsule and of a closed scleral tunnel system with an ACM increased the surgical safety.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Benign neonatal hemangiomatosis with conjunctival involvement. Report of a case and review of the literature.

Hemangiomas are the most common tumours of infancy. When limited to the skin, multiple lesions have a benign course and excellent prognosis but in cases of visceral involvement, the morbidity and mortality rates are high. We report a rare case of a female infant with benign neonatal hemangiomatosis who had dramatic conjunctival involvement. The spectrum of neonatal hemangiomatosis is reviewed, highlighting the importance of differentiation of the two extremes of this disorder.

Conjunctival Neoplasms↗

PubMed2002

Is sildenafil citrate an alternative agent in the evaluation of penile vascular system with color Doppler ultrasound?

UNLABELLED: IINTRODUCION: The ideal diagnosis and therapeutic agent for erectile dysfunction (ED) would be an oral drug taken prior to color Doppler ultrasound (CDU) examination and sexual intercourse. In the present study we have investigated if the efficacy of oral sildenafil is optimal in the diagnosis of underlying pathology of ED. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study group comprised of 41 patients with ED. Firstly, all patients underwent CDU examinations after the combined intracavernosal injection of 60 mg of papaverine and sexual stimulation (CIS). Secondly, these patients were examined after taking 50 mg of oral sildenafil citrate combined with self-manual and visual sexual stimulation. RERSULTS The differences of peak systolic velocity values were statistically significant between CIS and sildenafil (right: 40.7 +/- 2.9 vs. 28.7 +/- 3.3; left: 41.2 +/- 3.3 vs. 25.7 +/- 2.4; p < 0.001) in patients with normal penile vascular system. However, end-diastolic velocity and resistance index values were not significant between the same groups. In addition, there were not significant differences for peak systolic and end-diastolic blood flow velocities and resistances index with CIS and sildenafil in cases with vasculogenic ED. CONCLUSIONS: Sildenafil citrate plus visual sexual stimulation is not reliable as CIS to make accurate interpretation of penile vascular status using CDU. On the other hand, in some cases suspected of psychogenic ED after detailed sexual history, sildenafil might be tried as an initial step of the functional evaluation with CDU in order to prevent prolonged erection risk with intracavernosal injection of vasoactive agents.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2002

Apoptotic and proliferative index after Alpha-1-adrenoceptor antagonist and/or finasteride treatment in benign prostatic hyperplasia.

INTRODUCTION: The induction of apoptosis has emerged as a potential target for optimization of the medical management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), recently. The influence of alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist (alpha1-ARA), 5-alpha reductase inhibitor and their combination on prostatic cell apoptotic and proliferative indices of benign hyperplastic prostate gland were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 49 male patients with BPH (mean age: 66.5 years) treated with alpha1-ARA and/or finasteride were retrospectively evaluated. Patients treated with alpha1-ARA (doxazosin n = 12 and terazosin n = 10), finasteride (n = 9) and combination of finasteride and alpha1-ARA (n = 9) were enrolled in the study. Primary antibodies were Ki-67 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen for the evaluation of proliferation in prostate stromal and epithelial cells. In situ apoptotic DNA fragmentation was evaluated using TUNEL assay. RESULTS: All treatment groups had no significant changes in the rate of prostate stromal and epithelial cell proliferation. Epithelial apoptotic index (AI) was not statistically significant for finasteride vs. alpha1- ARA, alpha1-ARA vs. finasteride + alpha1-ARA and finasteride + alpha1-ARA vs. finasteride groups. While alpha1-ARA was more effective than finasteride on stromal apoptosis, alpha1-ARA-induced stromal apoptosis was not significantly different from alpha1-ARA plus finasteirde treatment. CONCLUSION: Not only androgen variabilities but also alterations in sympathetic neurotransmission with age could have important implications for pathophysiological prostate growth. The combination of finasteride and alpha1-ARA is not superior to alpha1-ARA therapy with their similar epithelial and stromal apoptotic effects with unaffected cell proliferation.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed2002

Evaluation of penile hemodynamic status and adjustment of treatment alternatives in Peyronie's disease.

AIM: Erectile dysfunction may be observed in up to 80% of patients with Peyronie's disease. An objective evaluation of the erectile function is attempted to work out in patients with Peyronie's disease. METHODS: Penile deformity, sexual function and penile vascular status were analyzed in 123 patients with Peyronie's disease, who had not received any pertinent treatment. RESULTS: Penile deformity, palpable plaque and pain on erection were seen in 112 (91%), 97 (78.8%) and 27 (21.9%) of the 123 patients, respectively. Of the 76 patients evaluated by color Doppler ultrasounography, veno-occlusive dysfunction as the vascular component for erectile dysfunction was found in 17 (22.3%), arterial insufficiency in 10 (13.1%) and a mixed picture in 23 (30.2%). CONCLUSION: The documentation of penile erectile function and the determination of the vascular status using color Doppler ultrasonography can guide the appropriate therapeutic choice.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Capsular block syndrome in a case with excessive cortical remnants.

Ten days after cataract extraction with phacoemulsification and in-the-bag acrylic intraocular lens implantation, capsular block syndrome developed in the right eye of a 62-year-old man. Aspiration of the swollen cortical remnants resulted in resolution of the capsular block.

Capsulorhexis↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Free iris cyst in the anterior chamber.

A 50-year-old man had a free iris cyst in the anterior chamber that was treated by puncturing using an Nd:YAG laser. Following laser treatment, the cyst wall settled in the anterior chamber angle and no complications were encountered during 4 months of follow-up.

Anterior Chamber↗