Can a point-of-care urine protein assay monitor bladder cancer recurrence?
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Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Biomedical subjects
Michael A O'donnell
Publications and source records attributed to Michael A O'donnell.
Does the interval between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy affect the immediate postoperative outcome?
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the interval between prostate biopsy and radical prostatectomy (RP) affects the immediate postoperative outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was a retrospective chart review of 169 patients who had retropubic RP at our institution. Using a series of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, we evaluated whether the interval between biopsy and RP was a significant independent predictor of operative duration, estimated blood loss, transfusion rate, nerve-sparing (yes/no), positive margin rate, length of stay, complications, and urinary continence after RP. RESULTS: The interval from biopsy to RP was 14-378 days; there were no significant differences in operative duration, estimated intraoperative blood loss, nerve-sparing rate, transfusion rate and amount, hospitalization time, positive margin rate, major postoperative complications, and continence in patients with biopsy to RP intervals above and below the median. The biopsy to RP interval was not an independent predictor of outcomes during or after RP. There were no direct or indirect correlations between biopsy to RP interval and any of the postoperative outcomes. CONCLUSION: The interval between prostate biopsy and retropubic RP appears to have no effect on immediate postoperative outcomes. We were unable to determine a specific minimum required interval beyond 2 weeks after prostate biopsy before proceeding with RP.
Aged↗
The effect of hyperthermia on mitomycin-C induced cytotoxicity in four human bladder cancer cell lines.
INTRODUCTION: Hyperthermia and mitomycin-C (MMC) have given very encouraging results in several clinical studies for the treatment of superficial transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. However, a synergistic effect of hyperthermia and MMC on the decrease of cell proliferation has never been demonstrated accurately in vitro. We investigated the effect of MMC versus MMC combined with hyperthermia on the cytotoxicity in four human bladder cancer cell lines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The RT112, RT4, 253J and T24 human bladder cancer cell lines were seeded in 96-well microtiter plates at 2.0 x 10(4) cells per well and were left to attach for 24 hours. The cells were then treated for 60 minutes with MMC concentrations ranging from 0 to 400 microg/ml at a temperature of 37 degrees C or 43 degrees C. After treatment cells were rinsed three times with culture medium and left for 24 hours in the incubator. Dimethyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) solution was added and after 4 hours of incubation the MTT containing media was aspired from all wells and 100 microl of dimethyl sulfoxide was added to each well. A spectrum analyses was performed at 595 nm light wavelength. RESULTS: A decrease of cell proliferation after treatment with increasing concentrations MMC was demonstrated. Hyperthermia has a synergistic effect on the decrease of cell proliferation by different concentrations MMC. In the cells treated without MMC no significant difference in the extent of cell killing at 37 degrees C and 43 degrees C was observed. Furthermore, no difference was observed between cells with a p53 protein mutation (RT112 and T24) or without a p53 protein mutation (253J and RT4). CONCLUSION: A clear synergistic effect of MMC and hyperthermia has been demonstrated in four human bladder cancer cell lines.
Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗
Use of prostate specific antigen to measure bladder tumor growth in a mouse orthotopic model.
PURPOSE: Animal orthotopic tumor models are commonly used in bladder cancer studies. However, to our knowledge there is currently no accurate method to quantify tumor growth inside the bladder in living animals. We used prostate specific antigen (PSA) as a marker to cope with this limitation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Infectious but replication incompetent retroviral particles carrying PSA coding sequence were constructed and infected into MB49 cells, a mouse bladder transitional cell carcinoma line of C57BL/6 origin. Syngeneic mice were intravesically implanted with the novel MB49-PSA transfectants. Tumor burden was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurement for PSA in urine and bladder tissues. RESULTS: The MB49-PSA line actively secreted PSA in culture as well as in urine (18 to 2,062 pg/ml) depending on tumor mass. Immunofluorescence staining confirmed PSA expression in MB49-PSA derived orthotopic tumors. Urinary PSA production paralleled tumor growth and was detectable prior to the development of a palpable tumor. Although urinary PSA did not tightly correlate with tumor mass, all bladders (total of 16 tested) weighing 34 mg or greater (18 to 21 mg for age and sex matched normal bladders) showed 18 pg/ml or greater urinary PSA. In contrast, bladder tissue PSA correlated more with tumor mass in general and it was measurable even before the detection of urinary PSA. This MB49-PSA orthotopic tumor model also demonstrated its usefulness for evaluating the antibladder cancer agents gemcitabine and mitomycin. CONCLUSIONS: This novel MB49-PSA line may serve as a useful tool for bladder cancer study because its growth inside the bladder can be noninvasively measured in living animals even during early stages of tumor growth.
Animals↗