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Biomedical subjects

Michel Girard

Publications and source records attributed to Michel Girard.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Rapid and selective characterization of influenza virus constituents in monovalent and multivalent preparations using non-porous reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography columns.

The characterization of influenza vaccine composition has been approached through a novel methodology suitable for routine analysis. It is based on a two-stage process involving an initial sample processing step followed by analysis by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection. The sample processing involves an initial concentration step carried out in the presence of a combination of detergents and organic solvents to enhance solubilization and ultimately to provide adequate detection. Conditions that provided fast, reproducible and selective separations of vaccine constituents were investigated by reversed-phase HPLC. The use of non-porous silica stationary phases was found to minimize carry-over and non-specific adsorption observed with conventional columns. An evaluation of separation parameters, including mobile phase composition and column temperature, allowed optimization of the selectivity of the method. The optimized method was suitable for the characterization of processed monovalent preparations (containing influenza virus constituents from a single strain). In addition, it allowed the simultaneous detection of the three influenza subtypes in trivalent vaccines in a single analysis. Several influenza constituents were detected including nucleoprotein, the highly hydrophobic matrix protein and the primary surface antigen, haemagglutinin (HA).

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMed2004

Intrathecal meperidine decreases shivering during cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia.

UNLABELLED: Shivering associated with spinal anesthesia is uncomfortable and may interfere with monitoring. We performed this prospective, double-blinded, and randomized study to determine whether intrathecal meperidine (0.2 mg/kg) decreases the incidence and intensity of shivering after spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. Forty parturients scheduled for nonemergent cesarean delivery were enrolled in two groups. Spinal anesthesia consisted of hyperbaric bupivacaine (0.75%; 10.5 mg), morphine 0.15 mg, and, in the experimental group, meperidine (0.2 mg/kg) or, in the control group, normal saline. Data collection, including sensory block level, blood pressure, core temperature, and shivering intensity, was performed every minute for 10 min, every 3 min for 33 min, and then every 5 min until the sensory level receded to L4. Time to highest sensory level, maximum number of blocked segments, sensory and motor blockade regression, and systolic blood pressure showed no difference between groups. The incidence of shivering was less (P < 0.02) in the meperidine group, as was its intensity (P < 0.003). Intrathecal meperidine (0.2 mg/kg) is effective in reducing the incidence and intensity of shivering associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery. IMPLICATIONS: Previous studies have suggested that IV meperidine is helpful for treating intraoperative shivering. This study was undertaken to evaluate spinal meperidine and found that it decreases the incidence and intensity of shivering associated with spinal anesthesia for cesarean delivery.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Study design, originality and overall consistency influence acceptance or rejection of manuscripts submitted to the Journal.

PURPOSE: To identify the characteristics of the manuscripts submitted to the Canadian Journal of Anesthesia (CJA) associated with their acceptance or rejection and to analyze the reviewers' comments and their impact on the editors' decision to publish. METHODS: Peer review material was analyzed from 213 submissions to the CJA. Characteristics of accepted and rejected manuscripts were compared. Reviewers' comments were classified according to editorial criteria used by the journal and the distribution of the different types of comments amongst accepted and rejected submissions was compared. RESULTS: Characteristics of 213 manuscripts and comments from 405 reviewers were analyzed. Overall, 57% of manuscripts submitted to the CJA were accepted. The type of research (study vs case report, clinical vs laboratory science) had no impact on the fate of the manuscripts; however, frequency of acceptance differed between articles originating from different geographic regions (P < 0.0001) with Canadian submissions posting the highest frequency (86%). Comment analysis suggests that the relationship between the experimental design, the results, and the conclusion was the main determinant of an article's fate. Lack of originality or inappropriate experimental design were likely to be associated with rejection. Conversely, aspects involving the presentation of manuscripts (tables, figures, references) were rarely cited as reasons to justify acceptance or rejection. CONCLUSION: Although articles are judged on many criteria, authors need to be aware that some aspects of a manuscript, namely the relationship between experimental design, results, and conclusions, the originality, and the use of an appropriate study design, are the most important features with regard to its acceptance or rejection.

Anesthesiology↗