Biomedical subjects

Michio Nojima

Publications and source records attributed to Michio Nojima.

16 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Human papillomavirus localization in cervical adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma using in situ polymerase chain reaction: review of the literature of human papillomavirus detection in these carcinomas.

Many studies have suggested that human papillomavirus (HPV) infection plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of the cervical adenocarcinoma. However, the prevalence of HPV infection in cervical adenocarcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma varies among the studies. Cervical adenocarcinoma (24 cases) and adenosquamous carcinoma (16 cases), including the underlying non-neoplastic epithelium were examined for HPV-DNA using in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR), which enabled visualization of the localization on a glass slide. In adenocarcinoma, HPV-DNA was found in 13 cases (54%) and in eight cases in underlying non-neoplastic epithelium, resulting in a total of 21 positive cases (88%). In adenosquamous carcinoma, HPV-DNA was detected in 12 cases (75%) and and the HPV-DNA localization of each component was pure adenocarcinoma, 28.6%; mixed, 54.5%; and pure squamous cell carcinoma, 83.3%. In the underlying non-neoplastic epithelium, HPV-DNA was found more frequently in the squamous epithelium (73.3%) than the cervical glands (6.3%). In conclusion, HPV-DNA was detected in 54% of adenocarcinoma, and the rate was elevated by HPV localization in the underlying non-neoplastic epithelium. HPV infection in the underlying squamous epithelium might be related to the carcinogenesis, even in cervical adenocarcinoma. HPV-DNA localization was different in each component of adenosquamous carcinoma.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2006

Testicular seminoma associated with massive necrosis.

A 70-year-old man presented with 2 years history of a painless hard mass in the left scrotum. Both pelvic computed tomography and magnetic resonance image showed enhancement only in the wall of the tumor, indicating a benign disease, rather than a neoplastic lesion. Physical examination 3 weeks after the first presentation showed the remarkable reduction of the left testicular size. Left inguinal orchiectomy was carried out and pathological diagnosis was seminoma with extensive necrotic areas occupying mostly the tumor. Either shrinkage or enlargement of testicular size with a long history demands full investigation for malignancy.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging for accurate diagnosis of Pfeiffer syndrome type II in utero.

OBJECTIVE: To present the usefulness of fetal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for accurate diagnosis of Pfeiffer syndrome type II. CASE AND METHODS: A 19-year-old woman was referred to us at 29 weeks of gestation for prenatal management of hydrocephalus. Ultrasonography of the fetus showed cloverleaf skull with dilated lateral ventricles, exophthalmos, macroglossia, and a single ventricle of the heart in addition to polyhydramnios. MR imaging was performed at 30 weeks of gestation and revealed cloverleaf skull, dilated lateral ventricles, and broad thumb. Fetal karyotyping indicated 46,XY, but DNA sequence analysis showed a single sequence variation (Nt 1198A>G) in the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) 2 gene (exon 10). On the basis of these findings, the baby was diagnosed in utero with Pfeiffer syndrome type II. Following counseling, the pregnancy was terminated because polyhydramnios made the patient's symptoms more severe. The patient delivered her baby vaginally at 34 weeks of gestation. The baby's birth weight was 2,298 g; the baby was declared dead at 25 min after birth. CONCLUSION: The detailed findings obtained by a combination of ultrasound that included three-dimensional and MR imaging and confirmation sought via molecular testing led to an accurate diagnosis of Pfeiffer syndrome type II in utero.

Acrocephalosyndactylia↗

PubMed2006

[Orthotopic bladder substitution].

Orthotopic bladder substitution is the most desired form of urinary diversion because the patient can restore normal voiding after cystectomy. However, urethral recurrence must be seriously considered and the patients with a risk of urethral recurrence are not indicated. Each method of bladder substitution has merits and demerits. We compared the Mainz method and the Studer method of orthotopic bladder substitution we performed on 8 and 11 patients, respectively since 1992. The Studer orthotopic ileal bladder substitution has given better results with better voiding pattern and less complication rates. We consider the Studer ileal bladder substitution as a good technique to restore normal voiding after cystectomy.

Aged↗

PubMed2006

[Intra-arterial chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer (T2-3N0M0)].

We assessed the effectiveness of intra-arterial MVAC chemotherapy or a combination of intra-arterial chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy based on diagnostic images and histological (transurethral) examination in 15 cases with T2-3NOM0 between January 2003 and September 2005. When the clinical response was assessed one month after the treatments, a complete response (CR) was achieved in 20% (1/5) and 50% (5/10) by intra-arterial MVAC chemotherapy and a combination of intra-arterial chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy, respectively. Total radical cystectomy was required on one patient during the follow-up period of 4-26 months. Although our result showed that the combination of external beam radiation therapy and intraarterial cisplatin effectively contributed to the preservation of the bladder with localized invasive bladder cancer, radical cystectomy is required when CR is not achieved after this treatment.

Aged↗

PubMed2005

[Correlation between human papilloma virus infection in cervical lesions and expression of p53, p21 proteins and Ki-67].

BACKGROUND: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the most important factor in the oncogenic mechanism of cervical tumor. Furthermore, in a separate multi-stage process, abnormality in cell cycle kinetics has been demonstrated. In order to elucidate the oncogenic mechanism, we examined the relationship between cervical carcinoma and HPV infection, and also investigated the expression of p53 and p21 proteins as well as the cell proliferation capability by detecting Ki-67, and analyzed the correlations of these factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the biopsy specimens from 107 patients of chronic cervicitis, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). HPV DNA was detected by the hybrid capture method. Immunostaining by LSAB procedures were performed using antibodies to p53 protein, p21 and MIB-1. The PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method was used to search for mutation in exons 5, 6, 7 and 8 of p53. RESULTS: Of 107 cases studied, high-oncogenic HPV was detected in 80 cases (74.8%) with a particularly high prevalence in SCC. No correlation was observed between HPV infection and expression of p53, p21 or Ki-67. The degree of positivity of Ki-67 expression tended to be higher with disease progression. Cases strongly positive (2+) for p53 and p21 proteins were weakly positive for Ki-67, and cases positive (1+) or negative for p53 and p21 were strongly positive for Ki-67. CONCLUSION: In oncogenesis of cervical carcinoma, p53 protein, p21 protein and HPV may act separately as independent factors in some cases, and there is a strong possibility that other factors are involved.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed2005

[A case report of bladder hernia associated with prostate cancer].

We report a case of bladder hernia. A 68-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for the management of prostate cancer. An egg-sized soft mass was palpated at his right inguinal region. Magnetic resonance imaging and cystography revealed that the mass was a bladder hernia. During radical prostatectomy, we had to resect the bladder hernia for safe regional lymphadenectomy. This hernia was the extraperitoneal type. The stage of prostate cancer was pT3b N0 M0. This is the third reported case of inguinal bladder hernia associated with prostate cancer in Japan.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2005

[Oncocytoma associated with acquired cystic disease of kidney (ACDK): a case report].

A case of renal oncocytoma associated with acquired cystic disease of kidney (ACDK) in a 56-year-old man is reported. He had received hemodialysis for 15 years because of chronic renal failure. Computed tomography (CT) was performed because of distention in the upper abdomen, revealing a right renal tumor. He underwent laparoscopic right nephrectomy, and was diagnosed with renal oncocytoma. There have been reported 8 cases of renal oncocytoma in hemodialysis patients, and our case was the third one associated with ACDK in the literature.

Adenoma, Oxyphilic↗

PubMed2005

[Spontaneous rupture of renal angiomyolipoma: a case report].

A 55-year-old woman presented with sudden right lower abdominal pain. Computed tomography demonstrated retroperitoneal hematoma associated with minus-density area, diagnosed as spontaneous rupture of angiomyolipoma. Super-selective transarterial embolization was performed, but anemia and right abdominal pain became worse in spite of conservative therapy including transfusion, indicating re-rupture of the renal tumor. Although partial nephrectomy was planned, right nephrectomy was finally performed because of massive intraoperative bleeding. Accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment are required when life-threatening rupture of renal tumor is suspected.

Abdomen, Acute↗

PubMed2004

Huge seminoma developed in a patient with testicular feminization.

We report a 36-year-old patient who presented with primary amenorrhea and was found to have a giant abdominal tumor. There was a family history of primary amenorrhea in her two aunts. Physical and hormonal examinations as well as chromosomal analysis led to a diagnosis of testicular feminization. The patient underwent tumorectomy along with pelvic and para-aortic lymphadectomy. The pathological diagnosis was bilateral seminoma of the testis with metastasis to para-aortic lymph nodes. Nowadays, cases of undiagnosed seminoma developing into a huge abdominal mass in patients with testicular feminization are rarely encountered, since surgical castration is generally recommended as early as possible after puberty. In testicular feminization, the risk of malignant transformation of the dysgenetic male gonads increases substantially after puberty. Early and correct diagnosis together with careful follow-up are critically important in managing testicular feminization, a rare congenital disorder.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Prevalence of human papillomavirus infection and correlation with cervical lesions in Japanese women.

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in patients attending a gynecologic outpatient department, and to correlate the infection status with the presence or absence of uterine cervical lesions and the grades assessed by cytological or histological examinations. METHODS: Five hundred and seventy-two subjects were studied. In all subjects, HPV detection by the hybrid capture method and a cervical cytological examination were performed RESULTS: The HPV-positive rate in subjects with normal cytology was 12.3%. The detection rate was high (21.7%) in subjects aged in the twenties and low in the forties, and HPV was not detected in subjects aged in the sixties and seventies. When HPV-positive rates were examined according to cytological or histological grades, the rates were higher in subjects with abnormal cytology (P < 0.01) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or squamous cell carcinoma compared with those with normal cytology. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of HPV infection is also important for the prediction of progression to CIN and cervical cancer.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2004

[The relationship with human papilloma virus DNA in cervical adenocarcinoma].

Recently, cervical adenocarcinoma has been increasing especially among young women and account for 10-20% of cervical cancer. However, the detection rate of HPV-DNA was 35-85% and lower than that of squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, the relationship with HPV in cervical adenocarcinoma was not much investigated in Japan, so we studied HPV status in cervical adenocarcinoma by in situ PCR method using biotin-labeled DNA probes, because in situ PCR method possesses the advantages of both PCR and in situ hybridization in being highly sensitive and enabling visualization of the cellular localization of the DNA. HPV infection was analyzed in 60 cervical adenocarcinomas, including 1 adenocarcinoma in situ and 15 adenosquamous carcinomas. HPV-DNA was detected in 47 of all 60 cases(78%): 35 of 45(78%) in adenocarcinomas and 12 of 15(80%) in adenosquamous carcinomas. No significant correlation was found between the HPV-DNA detection rate and histological subtypes of adenocarcinoma. In conclusion, cervical adenocarcinoma demonstrates a high prevalence of HPV-DNA as well as other previous studies. Therefore, HPV infection plays a very important role in not only squamous cell carcinoma but also adenocarcinoma in uterine cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed2004

[Epidermoid cyst of perineo-scrotal region: report of a case].

The patient was a 36-year-old male with a chief complaint of painless mass in the perineum. An elastic and immobile mass with the tip of thumb finger size was palpable in the left perineum and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed the tumor with high intensity on T2 weighted image from perineum through left scrotum. The tumor was surgically removed and a histopathological study revealed epidermoid cyst.

Adult↗

PubMed2003

[A case of CA19-9 producing transitional cell carcinoma of the ureter].

We report a case of CA19-9 producing urothelial carcinoma of the right ureter. A 61-year-old male patient who had an extremely high value of serum CA19-9 (1,185 U/ml) with right hydronephrosis was referred to us. Magnetic resonance urography and retrograde ureterography revealed a long irregular filling defect in the right distal ureter. Under the diagnosis of right ureteral tumor, we performed right total nephroureterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as grade 1 transitional cell carcinoma and pelvic lymphnodes were positive (pT1N2M0). The tumor cells showed positive immunostaining for CA19-9. The serum CA19-9 level was normalized after the operation and successive adjuvant chemotherapy (M-VAC 2 course). No recurrence was found for 15 months after operation. In this case, the serum CA19-9 level was useful as a tumor marker.

Biomarkers, Tumor↗

PubMed2002

Vaginal bacterial flora of pregnant women colonized with group B streptococcus.

To elucidate the characteristics of group B streptococcus (GBS)-positive vaginal flora in pregnant women, vaginal cultures were conducted in 4025 women at 22 to 36 weeks of gestation. The results were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Among 4025 women, 408 were found to be GBS positive and 3617 were GBS negative (GBS-negative group). A total of 1151 bacterial strains were recovered in the GBS-positive group and 6746 strains in the GBS-negative group. The percentages of Gram-positive cocci other than GBS, anaerobes, fungi, and Lactobacillus were 18.8%, 1.4%, 6.0%, and 34.4%, respectively, in the GBS-positive group, and 30.4%, 4.1%, 8.8%, and 53.5% in the GBS-negative group. The percentages were significantly lower in the GBS-positive group ( P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P= 0.0012, P < 0.0001, respectively). Judging from the reduction in Lactobacillus, the GBS-positive vaginal flora is not considered a normal flora. However, it is not regarded as a pathogenic flora either, because the isolation rates of anaerobes (strongly associated with bacterial vaginosis) and fungi (occasionally causing vulvovaginal candidiasis) were lower than in the GBS-negative flora. These results suggest that the GBS-positive flora is associated with a lower risk of abnormality during pregnancy and abnormal pregnancy outcome compared with the GBS-negative flora, although this group is one of the most important pathogens in neonatal infections.

Bacteria↗

PubMed2002

Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.

A polyp of about 1.0 cm diameter was incidentally found at the center of the posterior wall of the urinary bladder in a 73-year-old man on cystoscopic examination. A polyp was resected through a transurethral route without recurrence for 22 months. A polyp consisted of a tumor covered with mucosa of the bladder. Tumor cells have round or oval nuclei with fine chromatin and one or two nucleoli per nucleus, and finely granular eosinophilic cytoplasm, being arranged in a trabecular or tubular pattern. Furthermore, they showed positive staining for chromogranin-A and with Grimelius stain, indicating that the tumor is a carcinoid tumor. Since there was no evidence of carcinoid tumors in organs other than the urinary bladder, the present case is a primary carcinoid tumor (well differentiated endocrine tumor) of the urinary bladder which is extremely rare.

Aged↗