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Biomedical subjects

Miguel Sousa Uva

Publications and source records attributed to Miguel Sousa Uva.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Routine use of bilateral skeletonized internal thoracic artery grafts in middle-aged diabetic patients.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine whether middle-aged diabetic patients aged less than 70 years could have routine use of bilateral skeletonized internal thoracic artery grafting without an increased surgical risk. METHODS: Between January 1997 and December 2003, 712 consecutive patients aged less than 70 years underwent bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting. Among these, 164 were diabetic and underwent bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting without other preoperative selection than age. The postoperative results of these 164 nonselected consecutive diabetic patients were compared to these of the 548 nondiabetic patients. RESULTS: The operative mortality rate was 4.3% (7 patients) in the diabetic group and 2.4% (13 patients) in the nondiabetic group (p = not significant [NS]). Deep sternal wound infection was observed in 2 patients (1.1%) in the diabetic group and in 6 patients (1.2%) in the nondiabetic group (p = NS). There were no significant difference in the morbidity rate between the two groups except for renal failure without dialysis (6.7% in the diabetic group vs 2.0% in the nondiabetic group, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Routine use of bilateral internal thoracic artery grafting was performed in nonselected middle-aged diabetic patients without increased morbidity. The low rate of deep wound infections could be related to the skeletonized technique of internal thoracic artery harvesting.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Coronary surgery: which method to use?

OBJECTIVE: To compare 4 methods of myocardial protection in GABG in terms of markers of myocardial ischemia, mortality, morbidity and mid-term results. MATERIAL & METHODS: Retrospective study of 241 consecutive patients undergoing isolated > 1 CABG using one of 4 methods: off-pump (OFF, n = 108), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and cardioplegia (CARD, n = 66), CPB and beating heart (BEAT, n = 47), or CPB and ventricular fibrillation (FIBR, n = 20). Mean age was 65.7 +/- 9.3 years and mean EuroSCORE was 3.2 +/- 2.3. The groups were similar in terms of age, gender distribution, body mass index, incidence of smoking, hypertension, renal insufficiency, CCS class, ventricular function and mean EuroSCORE. Serial blood samples were collected for CK-MB and troponin T, preoperatively and 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the procedure. RESULTS: Mean number of distal anastomoses was 3.27 BEAT, 2.98 CARD, 2.90 FIBR and 2.55 OFF (p < 0.05 OFF vs. the other 3 groups). Six patients died in hospital (2.5%), 2/47 BEAT (4.2%), 1/66 CARD (1.5%), 1/20 FIBR (5.0%), 2/108 (1.9% OFF) (p = 0.1). The incidence of atrial fibrillation, stroke/TIA and blood transfusion and length of stay were similar between groups (p = 0.1) but there was a tendency for increased incidence of Q-wave MI (p = 0.08) in OFF and combined adverse events in FIBR (p = 0.07). At 12 hours postoperatively, CK-MB and troponin T were significantly higher in FIBR than in CARD or OFF (p < 0.05) and at 24 hours, troponin T remained higher in FIBR than in all other groups (p < 0.05). After a mean follow-up of 19 months, no significant difference was observed between groups in mortality or relief of angina. CONCLUSION: We were unable to demonstrate the superiority of any one revascularization method over another in terms of mortality, morbidity or length of stay. As shown by lower levels of myocardial markers of ischemia, better myocardial protection was obtained with OFF, BEAT and CARD compared to FIBR. Mid-term survival and relief of angina were similar between groups.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

National Adult Cardiac Surgery Registry: past, present and future.

A task force commission was created with the support of the Portuguese Society for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery with the aim of organizing a National Adult Cardiac Surgery Registry, collecting clinical data and types of cardiac surgical procedure performed in Portugal. Selected variables include risk factors, cardiac status, preoperative hemodynamics, surgical procedure, hospital stay and mortality. Information is collected into a database in each institution and sent via the internet to a central database responsible for grouping and data analysis. It is hoped that this National Registry, through standardized data collection, will provide information on cardiac surgery activity in Portugal and its risk adjusted results.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Cardiac surgery and morbid obesity.

OBJECTIVE: Obesity is considered a risk factor for the occurrence of complications after cardiac surgery. The objective of this study was to analyze mortality and morbidity in patients with morbid obesity following heart surgery. DESIGN: Retrospective study in a tertiary care setting. METHODS: Out of 1815 adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery, 50 consecutive patients (3%) with morbid obesity (defined by a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2) operated on between 7/98 and 3/01 were studied. Mean age was 61.9 +/- 10.4 years, mean BMI was 38.0 +/- 2.7 kg/m2 and mean Parsonnet score was 14.3. Thirty patients had CABG, 14 underwent valve surgery and 6 had combined valve and CABG. RESULTS: Three patients died in the first 30 days (hospital mortality = 6%). Four patients had myocardial infarction (8%), 4 patients had stroke (8%) and 13 required blood transfusion (29%). There were no deep sternal wound infections or reoperations but 9 patients (15%) presented superficial wound infections. Mean ICU and hospital stay were 2.2 +/- 2.2 and 6.8 +/- 4.1 days respectively. With a mean follow up of 13.9 +/- 8.9 months, 4 patients died; 38 (93%) out of the 41 patients reviewed are in NYHA class I or II and 27 (65%) have unrestricted physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: Cardiac surgery in patients with morbid obesity carries a higher morbidity and mortality risk. Short- and medium-term results were satisfactory with improvement in quality of life in two-thirds of the patients.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed2002

Coronary surgery in patients with porcelain aorta.

Four patients with unstable angina due to left main or three-vessel disease scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting were found intra-operatively to have porcelain ascending aorta, defined as massive calcification of the ascending aorta from the aortic valve to the transverse arch, precluding ascending aorta cannulation or clamping. A no-touch operative technique was applied using the two internal mammary arteries in three cases, with complementary Y-grafting when necessary. Three cases underwent off-pump myocardial revascularization. The fourth case was revascularized with pump-assisted beating heart and proximal saphenous graft anastomosis with an automatic connector. There was no mortality or neurologic morbidity and all patients were discharged home before post-operative day 8.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Less invasive coronary artery bypass surgery: early results in 1083 patients operated off-pump.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the early results of coronary surgery without cardiopulmonary bypass using the EuroSCORE risk model. METHODS: Out of a series of 1104 consecutive patients undergoing CABG during a 20-month period and whose data were prospectively collected, 1083 patients (98.1%) were operated without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and represent the patient population. Mean age was 65.6 +/- 9.9 years (31-90), 23.1% were female, 77.9% hypertensive, 38.0% diabetic, 22.8% had peripheral vascular disease, 73.0% triple-vessel disease, 54.7% previous myocardial infarction and 67.0% were in CCS class III or IV. Three hundred and forty-one patients (31.5%) were operated on urgently. Surgery was performed with the aid of cardiac stabilizers and intracoronary shunts. RESULTS: The mean number of distal anastomoses was 2.9; the left internal mammary artery was used in 99% of patients. In 10 patients (0.9%), conversion to CPB was required, without mortality or morbidity. Sixteen patients (1.5%) had myocardial infarction; mean troponin T and CK-MB at 24 h were 0.20 +/- 0.43 ng/ml and 28.2 +/- 49.9 U/l respectively. Twenty patients (1.8%) had neurologic deficit, 10 (0.9%) required hemofiltration or dialysis, 229 (21%) received blood transfusions and 135 (14.2%) had atrial fibrillation. Median intubation time was 9 h, and median ICU stay was one day. Median hospital stay was 5 days. Twelve patients died in hospital (1.1%). Thirty-day observed mortality and EuroSCORE-predicted mortality were 1.3% and 4.0% respectively (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Off-pump CAB surgery has become our preferred method in almost all patients undergoing coronary surgery, without compromising completeness of revascularization. Observed mortality was significantly lower than that predicted by EuroSCORE and the incidence of complications was reasonably low considering the population's risk factors.

Adult↗