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Biomedical subjects

Min Zhou

Publications and source records attributed to Min Zhou.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effects of insulin treatment on intracellular lipid metabolism in liver of diabetic rats.

The effects and the mechanism of insulin treatment on intracellular lipid metabolism in liver of diabetic rats were evaluated. Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by injecting the streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) and fat rich food. According to the results of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and glucose-induced insulin secretion test (IRT), the rats were divided into two groups: untreated group (UT) and insulin-treated group (IT). Normal rats (NC) served as controls. The treatment with either Humulin N (4--6 U/kg every day), or saline lasted for 4 weeks. Body weight, OGTT, IRT, blood lipids, intracellular lipids in liver, hepatic fatty acid oxidation and the activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) were detected. The change of liver histology was observed. The insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was applied to assess the status of insulin resistance. The results showed that as compared with NC group, the plasma and hepatic intracellular Triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and free fatty acids (FFAs) were increased significantly in UT group (P < 0.05), and lipid droplets could be seen dispersedly in the liver specimens, the hepatic fatty acid oxidation was increased markedly (P < 0.05), while the fatty acid synthase activity decreased (P < 0.05). Insulin treatment resulted in a further accumulation of lipids in liver by 55.7%, 19.87% and 22.2% increase in TG, TC, FFAs respectively. The size of hepatocytes was enlarged and the cells were filled with fat drops. Plasma lipids showed little decrease and still significantly higher than those in NC group after the insulin treatment. Meanwhile, insulin treatment was companied by 20% decrease in the rate of fatty acid oxidation and 31% increase in hepatic FAS activity compared to UT group. It was concluded that treatment with insulin on type 2 diabetic rat increases hepatic intracellular lipid accumulation by inhibiting hepatic fatty acid oxidation and activating FAS.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Differential diagnosis of anterior chamber cysts with ultrasound biomicroscopy: ciliary body medulloepithelioma.

PURPOSE: To describe a case with motile cyst in the anterior chamber in the right eye of a 7-year-old boy. METHODS: The right eye's visual acuity was 20/50. Intraocular pressure was 59 mmHg. Slit-lamp examination showed prominent rubeosis iridis and a grey-white mass floating freely in the anterior chamber. Ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed a cystic mass in the anterior chamber. A diagnostic cyclectomy with removal of the anterior chamber cyst was performed. Histopathology of the anterior chamber lesion showed an intact cyst composed of medullary epithelial cells. Medulloepithelioma with malignant criteria was diagnosed and the eye was enucleated. RESULTS: Pathology demonstrated an medulloepithelioma with a few mitotic figures and nuclear pleomorphisms within the ciliary body. The patient was followed for 8 months without any metastasis in the orbit or elsewhere. CONCLUSION: Intraocular medulloepithelioma is a rare embryonic benign or malignant neoplasm typically diagnosed in the first decade of life as a ciliary body mass. A dislodged, free-floating anterior chamber cyst associated with neovascular glaucoma is typical of medulloepithelioma in children. This unique presentation should be differentiated from congenital iris epithelial, post-traumatic, epithelial, parasitic and neoplastic cysts. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is useful for analysing the structure of the anterior segment mass. Ciliary body medulloepithelioma is characterized by echogenic mass heterogeneity and an irregular surface containing multiple cystic cavities. Lack of glial differentiation may predict a better clinical outcome in primary neuroectodermal brain tumours.

Anterior Chamber↗
PubMed2006

Determination of ceftriaxone sodium in pharmaceutical formulations by flow injection analysis with acid potassium permanganate chemiluminescence detection.

Based on the chemiluminescence (CL) emission generated from the oxidation of ceftriaxone sodium alkali hydrolysate by potassium permanganate in polyphosphoric acid (PPA), a novel determination method for ceftriaxone sodium was developed by using a flow-injection technique. The calibration curve appears to be linear in the range between 0.05 and 100 microg mL(-1) with a detection limit (3sigma) of 25 ng mL(-1), and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 0.6% for eleven replicate determinations of 5.0 microg mL(-1) ceftriaxone sodium. The proposed method has been successfully utilized for the determination of ceftriaxone sodium in pharmaceutical formulations, while the chemiluminescence reaction mechanisms were investigated.

Calibration↗
PubMed2006

Muraglitazar, a novel dual (alpha/gamma) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activator, improves diabetes and other metabolic abnormalities and preserves beta-cell function in db/db mice.

Muraglitazar, a novel dual (alpha/gamma) peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) activator, was investigated for its antidiabetic properties and its effects on metabolic abnormalities in genetically obese diabetic db/db mice. In db/db mice and normal mice, muraglitazar treatment modulates the expression of PPAR target genes in white adipose tissue and liver. In young hyperglycemic db/db mice, muraglitazar treatment (0.03-50 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1) for 2 weeks) results in dose-dependent reductions of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, free fatty acids, and cholesterol. In older hyperglycemic db/db mice, longer-term muraglitazar treatment (30 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1) for 4 weeks) prevents time-dependent deterioration of glycemic control and development of insulin deficiency. In severely hyperglycemic db/db mice, muraglitazar treatment (10 mg . kg(-1) . day(-1) for 2 weeks) improves oral glucose tolerance and reduces plasma glucose and insulin levels. In addition, treatment increases insulin content in the pancreas. Finally, muraglitazar treatment increases abnormally low plasma adiponectin levels, increases high-molecular weight adiponectin complex levels, reduces elevated plasma corticosterone levels, and lowers elevated liver lipid content in db/db mice. The overall conclusions are that in db/db mice, the novel dual (alpha/gamma) PPAR activator muraglitazar 1) exerts potent and efficacious antidiabetic effects, 2) preserves pancreatic insulin content, and 3) improves metabolic abnormalities such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, low adiponectin levels, and elevated corticosterone levels.

Adiponectin↗
PubMed2006

[Affinity maturation of a single-chain antibody against hepatocellular carcinoma].

OBJECTIVES: To obtain a single-chain antibody with high affinity against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A second single-chain antibody mutant library was established using an error-prone PCR and a phage display. Single-chain antibodies with high affinity for hepatocellular carcinoma were selected using ELISA. RESULTS: The content of the second single-chain antibody mutant library was about 4.5 x 10(7). Two selected mutants, M90 and M116, were obtained after 3 rounds of panning and ELISA. Immunoassay showed that both M90 and M116 could bind to human HCC cells. The relative affinity of M90 was 1.7-fold higher than that of the original antibody, and M116 was 2-fold higher than that of the original antibody. CONCLUSION: Error-prone PCR is an effective and simple method for affinity maturation of antibodies isolated from a phage antibody library.

Antibodies, Neoplasm↗
PubMed2006

[Lung transplantation in the treatment of ventilator dependent end-stage lung diseases: report of three cases].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the perioperative management, recipient selection of end-stage lung diseases dependent on ventilator, and the strategy of ventilator weaning. METHODS: Fifteen patients underwent lung transplantation in our hospital from 2002 to 2005. Of them, three were dependent on ventilator for 89, 120 and 107 days respectively because of end-stage pulmonary emphysema before operation. Single-lung transplantation was performed in one patient and sequential bilateral single-lung transplantations were performed in two patients without extracorporeal circulation. RESULTS: The three patients were weaned from ventilator in the sixth, eleventh and twenty second day respectively after operation. They were discharged from hospital 71 d, 41 d, and 67 d respectively after operation. They had been followed up for 22, 4, and 2 months respectively before this analysis. Their quality of life improved significantly. CONCLUSION: Lung transplantation is effective for the treatment of ventilator dependent end-stage lung diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

[Expression and purification of human MT-2a fusion protein in prokaryotic cells and preparation of its antiserum].

AIM: To express and purify human MT-2a in prokaryotic cells and to prepare the MT-2a-specific rabbit antiserum. METHODS: GST-MT-2a fusion protein was expressed after IPTG induction and further purified with Glutathione Sepharose 4B. Then the purified GST-MT-2a fusion protein was used to immunize New Zealand rabbits. The titer and specificity of rabbit antiserum were evaluated by double immunodiffusion, ELISA and Western blot. RESULTS: GST-MT-2a fusion protein was highly expressed. The final yield of the pure GST-MT-2a was about 38 mg per liter of bacterial culture. Its antiserum with high specificity and potency was also obtained. CONCLUSION: The successful expression of GST-MT-2a fusion protein in E. coli and the preparation of MT-2a specific rabbit antiserum will be valuable for the study on the function of human MT-2a.

Antibody Specificity↗
PubMed2006

[Mechanism of migration in CNE2 cells promoted by EBV-LMP1].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of migration phenotype change induced by EBV-LMP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell line CNE2. METHODS: Retroviruses RV-LNSX, RV-LMP1, and RV-LMP1(TRADD) prepared previously were used to infect CNE2 cells. After selection with G418, the morphology, the ability of motion and migration in extracellular matrix, expression of LMP1 and E-Cadherin in transgenic cells were observed or detected. Meanwhile, pEcad-luc was respectively co-transfected with pLNSX, pLNSX-LMP1, and pLNSX-LMP1(TRADD), to examine the effect of LMP1 on the transcriptional activity of E-Cadherin promoter in 293 cells. RESULTS: Compared with CNE2 and CNE2-LNSX cells, CNE2-LMP1 cells morphologically changed from typical epithelial appearance to long-spindle fibroblastic morphology with the concomitant loss of cell-to-cell contact, and relative migration of CNE2-LMP1 cells obviously increased (n=3, P< 0.05), while the expression of E-Cadherin was negative in CNE2-LMP1 cells. The transcriptional activity of E-Cadherin promoter and the expression of E-Cadherin was suppressed by LMP1, and the level of suppression was correlated with the concentration of pLNSX-LMP1 (0.2,0.6 and 1.0 microg). LMP1(TRADD) didn't induce the changes of morphology and migration phenotype, nor suppress the transcriptional activity of E-Cadherin promoter and the expression of E-Cadherin in CNE2 cells. CONCLUSION: EBV-LMP1 promotes the migration and down-regulates the expression of E-Cadherin in CNE2 cells. The mechanism is that EBV-LMP1 suppresses the transcriptional activity of E-Cadherin promoter. TRADD of carboxyl terminus of LMP1 may be the main active domain to promote the migration in NPC cells.

Cadherins↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis on the genetic characteristics of the wide-type measles virus circulating in Zhejiang province in 2005].

OBJECTIVE: To study the genetic characteristics of measles viruses circulating in Zhejiang province in 2005. METHODS: 4 groups of measles viruses isolated in outbreaks and the H and N gene were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). PCR products were purified, sequenced and data was analyzed. RESULTS: All of the 4 measles isolates belonged to genotype H1 which had been a main genotype containing all of the isolates in China. The isolates shared 99.2% -99.7% identity of amino acid sequence on H and 99.8% identity of amino acid sequence on N gene. When comparing to the China vaccine strain (Shanghai 191), there were 95.2%-95.5% homogeneties and 95.5% homogeneties on H and N gene respectively. CONCLUSION: Data from phylogenic trees of H and N gene revealed that the wide-type measles viruses circulating in Zhejiang province in 2005 all belonged to genotype H1. There were obvious differences on genetic characteristics between the isolates and the genotype A (Shanghai 191).

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis of the non-Hodgkin lymphoma's clinic and blood marrow cytogenetics].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship among cytogenetics, hematopathology, morphology, clinic tumor index and prognosis of the non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL) patients. METHODS: Cytogenetics analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method and 24 h culture method in 20 cases of NHL. Serous P53 protein was detected in all patients. RESULTS: Out of the twenty NHL patients, eight had bone marrow infiltration, and nine were found with abnormal karyotype: three were chromosome number abnormalities, one was t(14,18)(q32;q21), one was 14q+, two were t(8;14)(q24;q32), two were t(8;14)(q24;q32) with additional changes of chromosome. The serous P53 protein of patients with abnormal karyotype was significantly higher than that with normal karyotype. CONCLUSION: t(8;14) (q24;q32) is the most classic translocation in NHL, The patients with this karyotype have worse prognosis. The increase of mutant serous P53 relates to abnormal karyotype, and the patients with high mutant P53 level in serum also have worse prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Selective determination for calf thymus DNA by a resonance light scattering technique with morin-Ce(IV) system].

The interaction of DNA and the binary complex formed between Ce(IV) and morin was studied. With the maximum scattering peak located at 320 nm, the enhanced RLS was proportional to the concentration of ctDNA in the range 0-25 microg x mL(-1) and the detection limit (3sigma) of 0.3 microg x mL(-1) was obtained. Under the optimized conditions, four synthetic samples were determined with recoveries in the range 93.7%-108.4%. The proposed method is particularly attractive for its high selectivity for ctDNA in the presence of hsDNA by using certain sensitive spectrofluorometer since the intensity of RLS for hsDNA is far weaker than that for ctDNA.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Analysis the clinic and cytogenetics of myelodysplastic syndrome].

OBJECTIVE: To analysis the relationship among cytogenetics, morphology and prognosis of the myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. METHODS: Cytogenetics analysis of bone marrow cells was performed by direct method and/or 24 h culture method. The karyotype was analysed by R banding technique. RESULTS: Out of the 50 MDS patients, 22 were found with abnormal karyotype: two of them were +8, four of them were -7, four of them were 5q-, nine of them were 7q-, two of them were 20q- and one of them was 6q-. There are six patients had complex changes in chromosome. CONCLUSION: 5q-, -7, 7q- are the most classic translocation in the MDS. The patients with 5q- have better prognosis and the patients with -7, 7q- have worse prognosis. Cytogenetics is very important in the MDS's diagnosis, progress and prognosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

[Comprehensive protocol for diagnosis and treatment of childhood neuroblastoma--results of 45 cases].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper was to improve the prognosis of neuroblastoma (NB) stage III and IV in children through the comprehensive therapy including chemotherapy, delayed tumor resection, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) and inducing differentiation and to analyze the factors affecting the prognosis. METHODS: Newly diagnosed neuroblastoma patients seen from Oct.1998 to Dec.2003 were divided into high, medium and low risk groups depending on clinical stage and age. Comprehensive protocol included accurate staging, delayed and/or second tumor resection for stage III and IV patients, chemotherapy of different intensity mainly composed of cell cycle nonspecific drugs and 13-cis-retinoid for inducing cell differentiation. ASCT was given at the end of therapy for high risk group. RESULT: Forty-five patients, 6 months to 11 years of age, 32 males and 13 females, were analyzed. Of them, 15 were found to have the tumor in adrenal gland, 12 had the tumor extended to the retro-peritoneal space, while in 15 cases the tumor was beside the spinal column in chest and in 3 the tumor was located in other places. Nine cases had stage I, 1 case had stage II, 8 cases had III, 26 cases had stage IV and 1 case had stage IVs of the tumor. Depending on the age and stage of the tumor, 26 cases were aligned into high risk protocol, 10 into medium risk and 9 into low risk groups. Thirty nine cases were treated as planned. Eleven of them received ASCT including 2 cases who received second ASCT. Of the thirty-nine patients, 31 achieved complete remission (CR) and 8 partial remission (PR) after surgery and/or chemotherapy. During up to 21 months median following up period (range 14 to 64 months), 24 cases (62%) kept CR (median 22 months) and 4 survived with stable disease. The survival rate (SR) was 72%. Eleven cases died of relapse and disease progression. No death occurred from treatment complication. Statistical analysis showed that the age older than 18 months, and stage III and IV of the tumor were the factors predicting poor prognosis (P = 0.04 and 0.003, respectively). Patients who had the tumor originated from the retroperitoneal space, who had incomplete tumor resection, and those who did not receive ASCT had poorer prognosis, but the differences were not significant (P = 0.092, 0.55 and 0.60, respectively). CONCLUSION: The comprehensive protocol seemed to be reasonable. Age older than 18 months, and stage III and IV were the factors suggesting poor prognosis. The origin of the tumor, completeness of tumor resection, and use of ASCT had no significant impact on the prognosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2005

ADAM-9 (MDC-9/meltrin-gamma), a member of the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase family, regulates myeloma-cell-induced interleukin-6 production in osteoblasts by direct interaction with the alpha(v)beta5 integrin.

ADAM-9, a member of the a disintegrin and metalloproteinase family, contains both metalloproteinase and disintegrin domains. Myeloma cell lines express ADAM-9; however, its function and role in the pathophysiology of multiple myeloma is unknown. The aim of this study was to establish whether primary myeloma cells express ADAM-9, whether ADAM-9 regulates IL-6 production in human osteoblasts (hOBs), whether ADAM-9 interacts with specific integrin heterodimers, and the identity of downstream signaling pathways. Primary myeloma cells demonstrated increased expression of ADAM-9 (P < .01). ADAM-9 promoted a 5-fold increase in IL-6, but not IL-1beta mRNA, and a dose- and time-dependent increase in IL-6 production by hOBs (P < .01). IL-6 induction was inhibited by an antibody to the alpha(v)beta5 integrin (P < .01) but not by antibodies to other integrin heterodimers. ADAM-9 was shown to bind directly to the alpha(v)beta5 integrin on hOBs. Antibodies to ADAM-9 and alpha(v)beta5 integrin inhibited myeloma cell-induced IL-6 production by hOBs (P < .01). Furthermore, inhibitors of p38 MAPK and cPLA2, but not NF-kappaB and JAK2, signaling pathways inhibited ADAM-9-induced IL-6 production by hOBs (P < .01). These data demonstrate that ADAM-9, expressed by myeloma cells, stimulates IL-6 production in hOBs by binding the alpha(v)beta5 integrin. This may have important consequences for the growth and survival of myeloma cells in bone.

ADAM Proteins↗
PubMed2005

Identification of a glyphosate-resistant mutant of rice 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase using a directed evolution strategy.

5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is a key enzyme in the shikimate pathway and is targeted by the wide-spectrum herbicide glyphosate. Here, we describe the use of a selection system based on directed evolution to select glyphosate-resistant mutants of EPSPS. Using this system, the rice (Oryza sativa) EPSPS gene, mutagenized by Error-Prone polymerase chain reaction, was introduced into an EPSPS-deficient Escherichia coli strain, AB2829, and transformants were selected on minimal medium by functional complementation. Three mutants with high glyphosate resistance were identified in three independent glyphosate selection experiments. Each mutant contained a C(317)-->T transition within the EPSPS coding sequence, causing a change of proline-106 to leucine (P106L) in the protein sequence. Glyphosate resistance assays indicated a 3-fold increase in glyphosate resistance of E. coli expressing the P106L mutant. Affinity of the P106L mutant for glyphosate and phosphoenolpyruvate was decreased about 70-fold and 4.6-fold, respectively, compared to wild-type EPSPS. Analysis based on a kinetic model demonstrates that the P106L mutant has a high glyphosate resistance while retaining relatively high catalytic efficiency at low phosphoenolpyruvate concentrations. A mathematical model derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation was used to characterize the effect of expression level and selection conditions on kinetic (Ki and Km) variation of the mutants. This prediction suggests that the expression level is an important aspect of the selection system. Furthermore, glyphosate resistance of the P106L mutant was confirmed in transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), demonstrating the potential for using the P106L mutant in transgenic crops.

3-Phosphoshikimate 1-Carboxyvinyltransferase↗
PubMed2005

Ligand binding energy and enzyme efficiency from reductions in protein dynamics.

Tetrameric rabbit muscle glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH; EC 1.2.1.12) binds successively four molecules of its cofactor (NAD+) with affinities of ca 10(11) M(-1), 10(9) M(-1), 10(7) M(-1), and 10(5) M(-1). The reduction in the dynamics of the protein is greatest upon binding the first NAD+ molecule. Smaller reductions then occur upon binding the second and third NAD+ molecules, and the fourth NAD+ molecule binds without dynamic change. Reduction of the GAPDH dynamics, with consequent improvements in its internal bonding, can account for the increase in NAD+ binding affinity from 10(5) M(-1) to 10(11) M(-1). Evidence is provided that comparable fractions of the binding energy of other ligands, and of the catalytic efficiency of enzymes, may be derived in the same way.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Cipadesins A-C: novel tetranortriterpenoids from Cipadessa cinerascens.

[structure: see text] Three novel tetranortriterpenoids, cipadesins A-C (1-3), were isolated from the aerial parts of Cipadessa cinerascens. They possess a novel carbon skeleton, in which rings A and C were joined via C-10 and C-11. Their structures were elucidated by spectral evidence. X-ray crystallographic analysis confirmed the structure of 1.

Crystallography, X-Ray↗