Biomedical subjects

Mirjana Bogavac

Publications and source records attributed to Mirjana Bogavac.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

[Chlamydia trachomatis--a possible cause of premature labor].

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence of urogenital infection with Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with preterm delivery in relation to those with term delivery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The investigation included a random sample of 116 parturients. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test was used to diagnose Chlamydia trachomatis. RESULTS: In the investigated group (N = 53), positive finding of Chlamydia trachomatis in the urogenital tract was established in 6 (11.32%) patients in cervix and in 5 (9.43%) patients in the urethra, whereas in the control group there were 3 (4.76%) positive findings in the cervix and 1 (1.59%) in the urethra. The control group included patients with term delivery (N = 63). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Results of investigation point to the necessity of diagnostics and treatment of Chlamydia trachomatis in prevention of preterm delivery, particularly in women with previous unsuccessful pregnancies.

Chlamydia Infections↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Menstrual cycle disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome--ultrasonographic characteristics and hormonal status].

INTRODUCTION: The polycystic ovary syndrome is primarily characterized by an association of hyperandrogenism and anovulation. The aim was to determine the incidence of menstrual cycle disorders in patients with PCO syndrome and the relation with ultrasonographic and hormonal findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective study examined the ultrasonographic findings and hormonal status in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the General Hospital in Subotica. The sample comprised 39 patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Most frequently age at menarche was 14 years (29%) in obese and 10 years (45.5%) in normal weight patients. There was not a significant difference in duration of menstrual bleeding in both groups of examined patients, whereas amenorrhea was significantly more frequent in obese patients (29.4%) than in patients with normal weight (4.7%). On the basis of presented results (increased percentage of severe disorders of menstrual cycle in all patients in subgroup C and increased percentage of menstrual disorders in patients with high stromal density in relation to those with normal echogeneity of stroma) it can be concluded that there is a correlation between ultrasonographic findings of ovaries (number of microcysts, volume and density of the stroma) and menstrual cycle disorders, the polycystic ovary syndrome.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Amnionic infusion therapy in conditions with low amnionic fluid levels].

INTRODUCTION: Amniotic fluid volume reduction can have serious consequences: prior to 24 gestational weeks hypoplasia of fetal lungs and later in pregnancy cord compression and fetal hypoxia as well as contractions of extremities. Diagnosis of oligohydramnios is made either after a subjective estimation of amniotic fluid reduction or if the biggest amniotic fluid pocket is less than 1 cm. Amnioinfusion is a procedure during which a crystalloid solution, most often saline, is instilled into the amniotic cavity substituting amniotic fluid. To estimate the efficacy and safety of amnioinsfusion using our results and literature review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Up to 800 ml of sterile saline solution was instilled intraamniotically (10-15 ml/min) in cases where the amniotic fluid index was less than 10 and intraamniotic infection was excluded. After that, 1 g of Longaceph was given intraamniotically. Infusion was stopped immediately when 800 ml was instilled, if a subjective estimation showed that there was enough fluid or if contractions occurred. RESULTS: During a six-month period there were five amnioinfusions--four therapeutical and one diagnostic; in four cases the procedure was successful and in one preterm rupture of membranes occurred 20 hours after the procedure. The procedure was most often done in the first half of the third trimester and continuation of pregnancy in successful cases was between 4 and 5 weeks, with average fetal weight gain of about 1200 gr. No complications occurred in cases where pregnancy continued. CONCLUSION: In our preliminary study amnioinfusion led to prolongation of pregnancy in majority of cases providing better maturation of fetal lungs and higher birth weight, without any complications. Further studies are necessary to reach definite conclusions about the efficacy and safety of amnioinfusion.

Crystalloid Solutions↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Obesity and hormone function changes in female patients with polycystic ovaries].

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovary syndrome is commonly associated with hyperandrogenism and anovulation. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of obesity on hormonal status in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed at the Ward of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the General Hospital in Subotica. A retrospective investigation comprised 39 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. All patients were in the fertile age-range: 18-38 years. Following ultrasonographic examination and anamnestic data, patients underwent hormonal analyses of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, prolactin and insulin obtained from the pooled serum sample. RESULTS: Values of testosterone and insulin in the group of obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome were significantly higher than in normal weight patients. Patients with normal body weight index had significantly increased levels of LH in regard to those with increased body weight index. Values of FSH, prolactin and LH/FSH ratio were not significantly different in both groups of polycystic ovary syndrome patients. Increased values of insulin were recorded in 43% of obese and 18.2% of normal weight patients. CONCLUSION: Analysis of investigated results confirmed that obese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance have been a special clinical entity, whereas an open question remains whether obesity is directly connected with polycystic ovary syndrome or it is only an additional factor interfering with metabolic and hormonal status of genetically predisposed and phenotypically indoctrinated women with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Amnioreduction in treatment of increased amniotic fluid volume].

INTRODUCTION: Increased amniotic fluid volume may significantly increase the risk for preterm delivery. Amniodrainage is a symptomatic treatment by which excess amniotic fluid is reduced to provide fetal lung maturation. The aim of this stuldy is to estimate the efficacy and safety of this procedure, our results and give a literature review. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sonografic criteria were used (AFI >400 ml, or the biggest amniotic fluid pocket >150 mm) to choose patients in whom 18G needle was used to allow leaking of excessive amniotic fluid. RESULTS: 10 patients underwent 26 procedures. The procedures were performed at 28.6 th week gestation, on average and 6.25 weeks average gain or 1000 g. We had two sets of monochorionic twins with twin-to-twin transfusion syndronme (TTTS), where one child survived. One procedure was followed by premature placental abruption, and premature delivery in 28th week. The rest of procedures were uneventful. CONCLUSION: In our series of 10 women, 26 procedures were performed to prolong pregnancies, enable fetal maturation and weight gain. In majority of cases amnioreduction was done without complications, so we could repeat the intervention and prolong the pregnancy. Survival of one child in two TTTS pregnancies should not be regarded unsulccessful in our conditions.

Amniotic Fluid↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Noninvasive diagnosis of fetal anemia in Rh-alloimmunized pregnancies by color Doppler].

UNLABELLED: INTRODUCTION Fetal anemia is usually diagnosed by invasive procedures, such as amniocentesis and cordocentesis. As these procedures carry a substantial risk for pregnancy loss, a nonivasive method for diagnosing fetal anemia is needed. Doppler allows measurement of blood flow velocity in fetal vessels. In anemic fetuses increased velocities in medial cerebral artery (MCA) are registered. The aim of our study was to evaluate if there were changes in blood flow waveforms in anemic fetuses' MCA, and if these changes correlated with values of fetal hematological parameters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A clinical study evaluated 172 pregnancies of gestational age between 28 and 32 weeks, in which cordocentesis was performed due to maternal Rh-alloimmunization. During sonographic examination we evaluated blood flow velocities and pulsatility index (Pi) in MCA. We registered hematological parameters such as hemoglobin and hematocrit. Based on hemoglobin levels, all fetuses were divided into four groups: nonanemic (140 g/l); mild anemia (120-139.9 g/l); moderate anemia (100-119.9 g/l) and severe anemia requiring intrauterine transfusion (99.9 g/l). We compared mean systolic velocities and Pi between groups and studied the correlation between MCA mean systolic velocities and hemoglobin and hematocrit values. Statistical analysis was done using ANOVA test and parameter linear correlation. The difference was considered to be significant if p < 0. 05. RESULTS: Out of 172 fetuses, 60 (34.09%) were nonanemic, 56 (31.82%) showed mild anemia, 56 (31.82%) moderate anemia and 24 (13.64%) fetuses had severe anemia. Anemic fetuses had significantly higher MCA flow velocities compared to nonanemic fetuses. Values of Pi decreased in severe forms of fetal anemia, but the difference wasn't significant. Levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit showed inverse correlation with the values of MCA mean systolic velocities, while correlation with the values of Pi wasn't observed. DISCUSSION: Cerebral blood flow velocity in medial cerebral artery was assessed to diagnose fetal anemia. MCA mean systolic velocity is increased in anemic fetuses and correlates with the degree of anemia. The main advantage of this parameter is that advanced software programs are not necessary. We can conclude that in cases of Rh-alloimmunization in anemic fetuses increased MCA mean systolic velocities are registered. There is an inverse correlation between MCA mean systolic velocities and hemoglobin and hematocrit values. We suggest that measurements of MCA mean systolic velocities should be used in fetuses at risk for anemia and in selection of fetuses requiring invasive procedures.

Anemia↗