[Hypertriglyceridemia and the atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype (triglycerides and atherosclerosis)].
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Arteriosclerosis↗
Biomedical subjects
Mirjana Derić
Publications and source records attributed to Mirjana Derić.
[Analysis of lipid status parameters in relation to gender and age in the working population of district of Gradiska].
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this investigation was to establish the frequency of hyperlipoproteinemias, as well as the distribution of desired, elevated and high risk values of certain lipid status parameters among working population of the Gradiska municipality with age and sex distribution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This investigation included 250 workers, 109 male and 141 female, 25-60 years of age of the Gradiska municipality on a regular checkup. Standard biochemical methods were used to determine values of total serum cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL cholesterol. LDL cholesterol and LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio were calculated. RESULTS: Total serum cholesterol was elevated in 44.04% of males and 44.68% of females, triglycerides in 20.02% of males and 19.15% of females and LDL cholesterol in 31.96% of males and 21.43% of females. High risk values of total cholesterol were established in 43.12% of males and 39.01% of females, and of triglycerides in 37.61% of males and 9.93% of females. HDL cholesterol was decreased in 55.96% of males and 41.84% of females, while highly decreased values were established only in 5.5% of males and 1.42% of females. Increase of total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol correlated with workers' age, but values of triglycerides did not. Hyperlipoproteinemia was evident in 76.4% of examinees. DISCUSSION: All tested parameters vary dramatically from desired levels. These results are probably associated with unhealthy food habits and lifestyle. CONCLUSION: Our results point to the need to perform regular laboratory diagnostic procedures and routine check-ups in the working population.
Adult↗
[Endothelial dysfunction and diabetes].
ENDOTHELIAL FUNCTION AND DYSFUNCTION: During the past two decades, there has been an increasing recognition of the importance of normal endothelial function in the maintenance of vascular homeostasis and vascular health. Abnormalities in the function of endothelium have been recognized in a number of conditions. One of the most important abnormalities of endothelial dysfunction appears to be changes in the bioavailability of nitric oxide. It now appears clear that abnormalities in endothelial dysfunction are associated with abnormalities in the production of nitric oxide and/or abnormalities in the rate of its degragation. Either way, loss of the functional availability of nitric oxide appears to be an important characteristic of endothelial dysfunction. ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION AND DIABETES: Impaired endothelial-dependent vasodilatation has been described in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and the degree of impairment may correlate with glycemic control. Hyperglycemia itself appears to affect multiple mechanisms that increase atherosclerosis. Hyperglycemia enhances oxidation, thrombosis, inflammation, matrix production, and the formation of advanced glycation end-products and other metabolites that can potentially damage the vasculature. TREATMENT OF ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION: A number of trials have demonstrated that therapy with lipid lowering agents (statins) as well as angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is associated with improvements in endothelial function in diabetes. These agents have also been shown to improve prognosis in patients with a number of underlying cardiac diseases and risk factors for cardiac disease. Therefore, it seems that interventions that lead to improvement in endothelial function can be associated with improvements in cardiovascular outcome. The role of antioxidant therapy is controversial. No data have been published regarding the effects of hormonal replacement therapy on endothelial dysfunction in postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes Mellitus↗
[The correlation between lifestyle and lipid profile].
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to estimate if negative lifestyle habits such as alcohol consumption, smoking and physical inactivity affect the lipid profile values. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 250 workers on regular examination in the Gradiska Health Center in the period from 2001 to 2002. There were 113 (45.2%) men and 137 (54.8%) women. The examinees were divided into three groups according age (25-39, 40-49 and 50-60 respectively). Standard laboratory methods were used to establish the following: total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol level, LDL cholesterol, atherosclerosis index (AI) and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol. RESULTS: Using a questionnaire, we have found out that out of 250 examinees 48.80% consume alcohol regularly, 50.80% are smokers and 36% are physically. The mean total cholesterol was high in all groups and it was 6.41 mmol/l. The mean triglyceride level was 1.88 mmol/l and mean HDL cholesterol was 1.48 mmol/l, IA was 2.99 and total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio was 4.69. Statistical analysis showed that there was a statistically significant relationship between triglyceride values and alcohol consumption, smoking and physical activity (p<0.05). Also, we showed that there was a statistically high relationship between HDL cholesterol values, AJ, total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and smoking in the examined groups (p<0.01). DISCUSSION: In our study the lipid profile parameters were above the desired levels, probably due to unhealthy lifestyle, including smoking, alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity. Our results are in concordance with the results of similar studies. CONCLUSION: It is of utmost importance to take steps to improve lifestyle habits of our population.
Adult↗
[Clinical trials of statins and fibrates --a meta-analysis].
INTRODUCTION: Several clinical trials of hypolipidemics showed a decrease in mortality by 30-40%, while others showed detrimental or no effects. The question remains: which trial should be the basis of clinical decision making in the choice of hypolipidemic therapy? MATERIAL AND METHODS: Meta-analysis is a method for combining research results of several studies. Effects of statins and fibrates with respect to placebo, were assessed by systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Medline and CENTRAL databases were searched using the following keywords: hyperlipoproteinemia, hypolipidemic agents and individual drug names. The main inclusion criteria were as follows: statin or fibrate, placebo controlled randomized trial, at least one year treatment on average, at least 100 patients per study arm and reported mortality. RESULTS: Fibrates showed almost complete absence of treatment effects on mortality with odds ratio of 0.99 and 95% confidence interval 0.80 - 1.11. The odds for statins were 0.87, 0.80 - 0.95. DISCUSSION: Despite the absence of treatment effects of fibrates, it is noteworthy that inclusion criteria of early fibrate trials focused mainly on cholesterol with recent identification of elevated triglycerides as an independent risk factor. As fibrates exert the most pronounced effect on triglycerides, they still may show effect in target populations. Effects of statins are confirmed, but they are noticeably lower than in individual trials which are given most publicity. CONCLUSION: Even after several decades of fibrate use, conclusive evidence of their beneficial effects still needs to be elucidated in appropriately designed trials. However, a beneficial effect of statins on mortality decrease has been proven. Meta-analysis has an important role in estimating true treatment effects and in the practice of evidence-based medicine.
Anticholesteremic Agents↗