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Biomedical subjects

Mitsuhiro Osame

Publications and source records attributed to Mitsuhiro Osame.

100 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

A clinical study of adult human parvovirus B19 infection.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the clinical aspects of adult human parvovirus (HPV) B19 infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 21 consecutive patients [4 males, aged 32 to 43 years (average 38.0 years), and 17 females, aged 15 to 43 (average 34.2)] with adult HPV B19 infection who visited our outpatient department between July 1997 and June 1998. All diagnoses of adult HPV B19 infection were based on positive anti-HPV B19 IgM antibody in serum and/or positive HPV B19 DNA in peripheral blood. RESULTS: The predominant signs and symptoms of the patients were: fever (81.0%), arthralgia/myalgia (61.9%), skin rash (47.6%), general fatigue (42.9%), lymph node swelling (38.1%) and edema (38.1%). Six patients had the following underlying diseases or complications: pregnancy, myoma uteri, cervical cancer of the uterus, lupus diathesis/ endometriosis, hereditary spherocytosis, and multiple sclerosis. The following abnormal laboratory findings (more or less than normal limits) were observed: anemia (81.0%), leukopenia (33.3%), elevated transaminases (28.6%), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (57.1%). Six patients were considered to have persistent infection. CONCLUSION: HPV B19 can infect healthy adults and causes more predominant signs and symptoms (arthralgia, myalgia and fever) than in children, and adult HPV B19 infection can be suspected from the familial history and clinical findings. Accordingly, more attention must be paid to adult HPV B19 infection, particularly when erythema infectiosum is prevalent in children.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2002

Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) cells which express neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and infiltrate into the central nervous system.

We encountered a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) which expressed neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). The tumor cells markedly infiltrated the central nervous system (CNS) during the course of the ATL. The patient died 20 months after disease onset, which was considered to be early in the course. During the invasion of the CNS, the surface phenotype of the peripheral blood ATL cells by flow cytometric analysis was CD2+, CD3+, CD4+, CD7-, CD8-, CD16-, NCAM (CD56)+, HLA-DR-. We speculate that the infiltration of ATL cells into the CNS was closely related to the expression of the NCAM in this patient.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed2002

Multifocal relapsing-remitting myelitis in a patient with atopic dermatitis: multiple sclerosis or atopic myelitis?

We describe a patient with multifocal relapsing-remitting myelitis. This case had abnormal high intensity lesions in the spinal cord at the cervical and thoracic levels on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). She had complicated atopic dermatitis and high serum IgE levels, which showed strong sensitivity to mite antigen. These features closely resemble those of atopic myelitis, suggesting that atopic myelitis may develop a relapse with multifocal involvement of the spinal cord, which can mimic multiple sclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Minifascicular neuropathy: a new concept of the human disease caused by desert hedgehog gene mutation.

We recently found a patient with 46,XY partial gonadal dysgenesis who presented with polyneuropathy. Sural nerve pathology revealed peculiar findings characterized by extensive minifascicular formation and with a decreased density of myelinated fibers. We found in the patient, a homozygous missense mutation at the initiating codon in exon 1 of the desert hedgehog (DHH) gene, which predicts a failure of translation of the gene. These data demonstrate that DHH is a key molecule in both male gonadal differentiation and perineurial formation in peripheral nerves.

Female↗
PubMed2002

[A patient of ADEM with central and peripheral conduction block improved with ultra-high-dose methylprednisolone].

A patient with exanthem and fever showed progressive disturbance of consciousness and flaccid quadriplegia predominantly in the lower extremities. Antibiotics, aciclovir, high-dose methylprednisolone (1 g/day for 3 consecutive days) and IVIG (400 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days) were not effective. Nerve conduction study and SEP in the lower extremities showed peripheral and central conduction block. EEG showed irregular sharp and slow waves predominantly in the left hemisphere. ABR and SEP in the upper extremities were normal. Consecutive studies of cranial and spinal MRIs showed no abnormalities. A diagnosis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) was made. We started administration of ultra-high-dose methylprednisolone (5.4 mg/kg/h for 47 hours), the dose for acute spinal cord injury based on the randomized controlled trial of The Third National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study in the USA. After this, she regained consciousness and the quadriplegia improved. The abnormalities in the electrophysiological studies also normalized. It is thought that the neuroprotective mechanism of ultra-high-dose methylprednisolone could be attributed to its inhibition of lipid peroxidation, secondary, ischemia, energy failure and so on. If the usual treatment is not effective for severe encephalomyelitis cases, we can consider the administration of ultra-high-dose methylprednisolone as one of the new treatment options.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Involvement of Fas/Fas ligand system in the spinal cords of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy.

To investigate whether the Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) system is involved in the pathogenesis of HTLV-I associated myelopathy (HAM), expression of Fas/FasL in the spinal cord lesions of HAM patients was examined by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Fas was preferentially expressed on infiltrating T cells in active-chronic lesions of HAM. FasL expression was up-regulated on various cells, mainly microglia/macrophages in active-chronic lesions. In contrast, Fas expression was markedly down-regulated in inactive-chronic lesions of HAM patients who had a long duration of illness. The expressions of Fas/FasL in inactive-chronic lesions were comparable to those of normal controls. In normal controls, vascular endothelial cells constitutively displayed both Fas and FasL immunoreactivity, while microglia expressed FasL. RT-PCR confirmed constitutive expression of both Fas mRNA and FasL mRNA in the spinal cords of HAM patients, and in controls. Our results indicate that Fas/FasL system is involved in the inflammatory process in the central nervous system of HAM patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased total nitric oxide production in patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Plasma nitric oxide (NO) levels in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients were significantly lower than those observed in both healthy controls and in patients with other neuromuscular disorders. The correlation between NO level and ejection fraction was significant (r = -0.384, p = 0.0391) in the DMD group. Disruption of NO systems may contribute to the development of muscular dystrophy and have implications for therapeutic strategies.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cross-sectional analysis of neurological findings among healthy elderly: study in a remote island in Kagoshima, Japan.

We have conducted annual health checkup surveys of elderly subjects aged 60 years or older in a remote island of southwestern Japan. After excluding patients with neurological diseases and the subjects who needed help in activities of daily living, a cross-sectional analysis of the data obtained from 348 elderly people aged 60-89 years was made. We examined the age and sex distributions of abnormal neurological findings, including the scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). In this study, aging was associated with muscle weakness in the lower limbs, cerebellar dysfunction, hand tremor, decrease in handgrip, abnormality of deep sensation and a decrease in the MMSE score. These findings suggest a characteristic pattern of nervous system deterioration with age. We discuss the possible pathogenesis and significance of these findings that should contribute to a better understanding of normal aging in the nervous system.

Age Factors↗