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Mitsuo Iida

Publications and source records attributed to Mitsuo Iida.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

Parathyroid cell growth in patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism: vitamin D receptor and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27.

Uraemic patients with advanced secondary hyperparathyroidism (2HPT) have nodular hyperplastic glands with a decreased vitamin D receptor (VDR) density. Previous studies have shown that nodular hyperplasia expressed a significantly lower VDR density as compared with diffuse hyperplasia, and the VDR density negatively correlated with both the glandular weight and the marker of cell proliferation. However, the mechanism by which the decreased VDR density leads to parathyroid cell proliferation remains unclear. In the myelomonocytic cell line, active vitamin D(3) is known to activate the transcription of both p21 and p27, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CDKIs), regulating the transition from the G(1) to the S phase of the cell cycle, in a VDR-dependent manner. Moreover, the overexpression of p21 and p27 inhibits cell proliferation. In order to elucidate the mechanism of parathyroid cell proliferation, the expression of CDKIs, p21 and p27, and the VDR was analysed immunohistochemically, and compared among nodular and diffuse hyperplastic parathyroid glands, and histologically normal parathyroid glands. The VDR expression in nodular hyperplasias was significantly decreased compared with either diffuse hyperplasias or normal parathyroid glands. The expression of both p21 and p27 was also significantly lower in nodular hyperplasias than in diffuse hyperplasias or normal parathyroid glands. Sections of parathyroid glands with a high expression of nuclear VDR highly expressed both p21 and p27. In nodular hyperplasias, the expression of both p21 and p27 correlated either positively with the nuclear VDR expression or inversely with the glandular weight. Therefore, the reduced expression of p21 and p27, being VDR dependent, is a major pathogenic factor for nodular parathyroid gland growth in advanced 2HPT.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in conscious rats.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in conscious rats. METHODS: Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of urotensin II (1 and 10 nmol) were carried out in conscious Wistar rats. The effects of intravenous (i.v.) urotensin II (10 nmol) were also determined. RESULTS: The ICV injection of urotensin II at a dose of 1 nmol did not alter the arterial pressure or heart rate significantly, while 10 nmol urotensin II increased the arterial pressure and heart rate. The mean arterial pressure at 5 min of ICV urotensin II was 121 +/- 4 mmHg, which was significantly higher than that obtained by ICV injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (107 +/- 3 mmHg, P <0.05). In addition, significant increases in heart rate were observed 5-15 min after ICV urotensin II. Pre-treatment with pentolinium (5 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly attenuated the increases in mean arterial pressure (20 +/- 3 versus 8 +/- 2 mmHg, P <0.01) and heart rate (78 +/- 18 versus 7 +/- 5 beats/min, P <0.05) induced by ICV urotensin II. On the other hand, i.v. injection of urotensin II (10 nmol) elicited a depressor response associated with tachycardia; mean arterial pressure 5 min after injection was significantly lower in the urotensin II-injected rats (89 +/- 5 mmHg) than in the control rats (102 +/- 2 mmHg, P <0.05), and the heart rate was significantly higher in the former (402 +/- 11 versus 360 +/- 9 beats/min, respectively, P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Central urotensin II produces pressor and tachycardic responses through sympathetic activation, while peripheral urotensin II exerts a vasodilation-mediated depressor response in conscious rats.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Mesenteric phlebosclerosis: a new disease entity causing ischemic colitis.

PURPOSE: Nonthrombotic stenosis or occlusion of the mesenteric veins is a rare cause of intestinal ischemia. The aim of this study was to describe a new disease entity causing chronic ischemic colitis. METHODS: Seven patients were diagnosed as having mesenteric phlebosclerosis. All seven patients had calcifications in the small mesenteric veins and their intramural branches. No evidence of vasculitis or portal hypertension was recognized. None of the patients had a history of gastrointestinal disease or of prolonged drug use. We report clinical, laboratory, radiographic, endoscopic, and histopathologic findings. RESULTS: Clinical findings included abdominal pain and diarrhea of a gradual onset and chronic course. A positive fecal occult blood test and mild anemia were often found. The patients had linear calcifications and stenosis in the right colon, which were discovered by plain abdominal radiography and barium enema, respectively. Endoscopic findings included edematous, dark colored mucosa and ulcerations. Four patients underwent a subtotal colectomy because of persistent abdominal pain or ileus. The histopathologic findings were macroscopically characterized by a dark purple or dark brown colored colonic surface, the swelling and disappearance of plicae semilunares coli, and marked thickening of the colonic wall, while they were microscopically characterized by marked fibrous thickening of the venous walls with calcifications, marked submucosal fibrosis, deposition of collagen in the mucosa, and foamy macrophages within the vessel walls. CONCLUSIONS: These peculiar lesions have not previously been fully described. The cause and pathogenesis still remain unknown. We conclude that such lesions represent a new clinicopathologic disease entity and propose the term "idiopathic mesenteric phlebosclerosis."

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Mortality and cause of death in Japanese patients with Crohn's disease.

PURPOSE: There are no reports based on long-term observation on mortality caused by Crohn's disease in Japan because of the small number of patients recorded throughout the 1970s. Because Crohn's disease patients in Japan are exempt from medical expenses, Crohn's disease is treated mainly with nutritional therapy and less frequently with corticosteroids. This study sought to estimate mortality and cause of death by Crohn's disease in Japan in the referred population. METHODS: Consecutive patients with Crohn's disease from 1967 to 1997 were identified in the Kyushu and Fukuoka University Study Group's nine affiliated hospitals and were followed up for 8.4 +/- 5.6 years. RESULTS: Death occurred in 6 of 544 patients. Cumulative survival rates for patients with Crohn's disease were 99.7 percent at 5 years, 99.3 percent at 10 years, and 96.8 percent at 15 years; there was no significant difference between genders or the age-matched expected survival rate of the Japanese population (P = 0.61, 0.84, 0.56). The overall standardized mortality rate was 1.43 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.53-3.12). The standardized mortality rate in newly diagnosed patients who were treated mainly with nutritional therapy was 0.75 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.02-4.18), and 1.69 in referred patients (95 percent confidence interval, 0.55-3.93). The standardized mortality rate by causes of death was high (64.4; 95 percent confidence interval, 7.72-232.5) in rectal cancer. In 150 patients who had been followed up for more than ten years, only 40 percent were administered corticosteroids. CONCLUSION: The standardized mortality rate of patients with Crohn's disease in the Kyushu and Fukuoka University Study Group's nine hospitals (the reference unit) was similar to reported rates of cohort studies. The standardized mortality rate of newly diagnosed patients was better than that of referred patients. The better vital prognosis of newly diagnosed patients might be attributable to the influence of frequent nutritional therapy and to lesser steroid use.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Addition of leukocytapheresis to steroid therapy: is it beneficial in recurrence of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis?

PURPOSE: In Japan, leukocytapheresis has become an accepted therapy for ulcerative colitis. The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the efficacy of additional leukocytapheresis in patients with moderate-to-severe recurrence of ulcerative colitis. METHODS: From 1998 to 2002, 35 patients with moderate-to-severe recurrence of ulcerative colitis were treated by intravenous prednisolone only or prednisolone plus leukocytapheresis once per week. Previous clinical features of ulcerative colitis, activity index at four weeks, and subsequent course were compared between patients with leukocytapheresis and those without. RESULTS: Sixteen patients were treated with prednisolone only (prednisolone group), and 19 patients were treated with prednisolone plus leukocytapheresis (leukocytapheresis group). Previous prednisolone dose (13.6 +/- 10.4 g vs. 7.9 +/- 9.8 g; P < 0.05) was higher in the leukocytapheresis group than the prednisolone group. Clinical response rate at four weeks was not different between the two groups (leukocytapheresis group, 68.4 percent vs. prednisolone group, 75 percent). However, ulcerative colitis activity index at four weeks was significantly higher in the leukocytapheresis group than the prednisolone group (180.5 +/- 44.2 vs. 142.5 +/- 45.3; P < 0.05). During the subsequent clinical course, 15 of 35 patients required proctocolectomy (leukocytapheresis group, 11 patients vs. prednisolone group, 4 patients). Proctocolectomy rate was significantly different when patients were divided by previous prednisolone dose (P = 0.0029) and ulcerative colitis activity index at four weeks (P = 0.002), but it was not different according to the application of leukocytapheresis. Cox proportional hazards model revealed previous prednisolone dose to be the only independent risk factor for proctocolectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of leukocytapheresis to prednisolone therapy does not seem beneficial in ulcerative colitis patients with moderate-to-severe recurrence.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Chromoscopy might improve diagnostic accuracy in cancer surveillance for ulcerative colitis.

OBJECTIVES: Multiple biopsy has been a recommended procedure for cancer surveillance in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). The aim of this study was to investigate the accuracy of chromoscopic findings in surveillance for patients with UC. METHODS: During the period 1995-2002, we performed 117 surveillance colonoscopies in 57 patients with pancolitis for more than 5 yr. Multiple biopsy specimens were uniformly obtained from flat mucosa in each segment of the colorectum, and, when necessary, from areas specified by chromoscopy. The specified area was classified as polypoid lesion or visible flat lesion. In each specimen, histology was graded according to the classification of dysplasia. RESULTS: Among 818 specimens, 28 (3.4%) were positive for dysplasia. There were 20 low grade dysplasias and eight high grade dysplasias. Dysplasia was more frequently positive in visible flat lesions (37.1%, p < 0001) and in polypoid lesions (16.9%, p < 0.0001) than in flat mucosa (0.4%, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, it was more frequently positive in visible flat lesions than in polypoid lesions (p < 0.05). High-grade dysplasia was found in 4.4% of polypoid lesions and in 14.8% of visible flat lesions, but it was not detected in flat mucosa. Overall, dysplasia was detected in 12 patients. Positive dysplasia was confined to visible flat lesions in four patients and to flat mucosa in one patient. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that biopsy from flat visible lesions under chromoscopy might improve the accuracy of cancer surveillance in UC.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Selenium is depleted in Crohn's disease on enteral nutrition.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: [corrected] Selenium is an important trace element and its deficiency has been reported to be associated with cardiomyopathy or gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study is to clarify the selenium status in Crohn's disease (CD) on enteral nutrition. METHODS: We measured serum selenium concentrations in 53 patients with CD and compared them with those in 21 healthy controls. Twenty-nine patients were under the treatment by enteral nutrition (EN group), and the remaining 24 patients were free from formulated enteral nutrition (non-EN group). RESULTS: While the serum selenium concentration in the non-EN group was not decreased when compared to controls, the value in the EN group was significantly lower than those in the non-EN group and in controls. Clinical manifestations of selenium deficiency were found in a patient on exclusive enteral nutrition. In the EN group, the serum selenium concentration showed an inverse correlation with the duration and the daily dose of enteral nutrition. In the non-EN group, the serum selenium concentrations were inversely correlated with the Crohn's disease activity index. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that patients with CD on enteral nutrition are at risk for selenium deficiency and that even patients without enteral nutrition may develop selenium deficiency at the active phase of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Usefulness of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity measurement: correlation with abdominal aortic calcification.

At present, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) can be measured easily and noninvasively. We studied the correlation between aortic damage estimated by baPWV and that determined by measuring the length of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) on X-ray films, which parameter has been significantly associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. baPWV was measured using the form PWV/ankle brachial index (ABI) device in 97 patients free of end-stage renal failure or peripheral arterial disease. baPWV correlated significantly with age (r2=0.625, p<0.0001), was significantly higher in hypertensives than in normotensives (2,109+/-67 vs. 1,623+/-93 cm/s, p<0.0001), and correlated significantly with systolic blood pressure (r2=0.64, p<0.0001) and diastolic blood pressure (r2=0.397, p<0.0001). baPWV was significantly higher in diabetic patients than in nondiabetics (2,068+/-73 vs. 1,813+/-97 cm/s, p<0.05), but was similar in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic patients. baPWV did not correlate with body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol or triglyceride levels, but correlated significantly with AAC length (r2=0.599, p<0.0001). Multiple regression analysis indicated that age, systolic blood pressure and AAC length were independent determinants of baPWV. Our results indicate that baPWV is useful for estimating aortic damage and could be a potentially useful predictor of vascular morbidity and mortality.

Ankle↗
PubMed2003

Risk factors for the progression of early carotid atherosclerosis in a male working population.

Increased intima-media thickness (IMT) of the carotid artery may represent early atherosclerosis. Although several studies have evaluated risk factors for carotid IMT, only limited information is available concerning risk factors for the progression of carotid IMT. The present study was designed to determine risk factors for the progression of carotid IMT in a male working population. Male employees of a regional transport company (n = 220, 50.9 +/- 4.4 years) underwent baseline physical and laboratory examinations, and ultrasonographic assessment of the maximum common carotid IMT between 1992 and 1994, and they were reexamined 5 years later. In a multivariate analysis at baseline, carotid IMT was positively associated with age, diastolic blood pressure and total cholesterol, and negatively with high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. During the follow-up period, carotid IMT increased from 0.669 +/- 0.135 mm to 0.784 +/- 0.229 mm, or at a rate of 0.023 +/- 0.039 mm/year. In a multivariate regression analysis using baseline values of carotid IMT, age, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and HbA1c as independent variables, the progression of carotid IMT was associated only with baseline total cholesterol. These findings suggest that in middle-aged men, although age, blood pressure, and total cholesterol were associated with baseline carotid IMT, total cholesterol level appeared to be the strongest determinant of the progression of carotid IMT, a result which underscores the importance of maintaining lower cholesterol levels to prevent early atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

We have previously reported that urotensin II acts on the central nervous system to increase blood pressure in normotensive rats. In the present study, we have determined the central cardiovascular action of urotensin II in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of urotensin II elicited a dose-dependent increase in blood pressure in both SHR and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). The changes in mean arterial pressure induced by ICV urotensin II at doses of 1 and 10 nmol in the WKY were 8 +/- 2 and 23 +/- 3 mmHg, respectively. ICV administration of urotensin II caused significantly greater increases in blood pressure in SHR (16 +/- 3 mmHg at 1 nmol and 35 +/- 3 mmHg at 10 nmol, respectively) compared with those in WKY. Urotensin II (10 nmol) elicited significant and comparable increases in heart rate in SHR (107 +/- 10 bpm) and WKY (101 +/- 21 bpm). Plasma epinephrine concentrations after ICV administration of 10 nmol urotensin II were 203 +/- 58 pmol/ml in SHR and 227 +/- 47 pmol/ml in WKY, which tended to be higher than those in artificial cerebrospinal fluid-injected rats (73+/- 7 and 87 +/- 28 pmol/ml, respectively, p < 0.1). The immunoreactivity of urotensin II receptor GPR 14 was expressed extensively in the glial cells within the brainstem, hypothalamus, and thalamus. These results suggest that central urotensin II may play a role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in SHR. Since GPR 14 was expressed in the glial cells of the brain, urotensin II may act as a neuromodulator to regulate blood pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Association of dental status with blood pressure and heart rate in 80-year-old Japanese subjects.

Periodontal disease is one of the main reasons for the loss of teeth in elderly subjects, and it has been reported that periodontal disease is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, little data is available regarding the association between dental status and blood pressure or heart rate in elderly individuals, particularly in subjects over 80 years old. We studied the cross-sectional association between dental status and blood pressure or heart rate in 499 Japanese (195 men and 304 women) who were 80 years old. The subjects were divided into 4 groups according to the number of original teeth; ie, edentulous (n = 176), 1 to 9 teeth (n = 141), 10 to 19 teeth (n = 109), and more than 20 teeth (n = 73). Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures did not differ among the groups. However, heart rate decreased from 71.6 and 72.2 /min in the edentulous and I to 9 teeth groups, respectively, to 67.3 and 67.4 /min in the 10 to 19 teeth and more than 20 teeth groups, respectively (test for trend, P = 0.0008). In multiple regression analysis, the inverse association between the number of teeth and heart rate was statistically significant independently of other confounding factors. These results are the first to show a close inverse relationship between the number of teeth and heart rate in octogenariars, although the underlying mechanisms have not been determined.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

Dietary factors and development of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes in a general Japanese population: the hisayama study.

BACKGROUND: There have been few prospective studies on diet and glucose abnormalities as determined by oral glucose tolerance test. METHODS: To investigate the impact of dietary factors on the development of glucose intolerance including diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, we performed a follow-up survey of 1,075 subjects aged 40-74 years of normal glucose tolerance from 1988 through 1993/1994 by repeated 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and dietary survey. Information on habitual food consumption was obtained using a semiquantitative food frequency method. RESULTS: Of the total subjects studied, 119 (11.1%) developed impaired glucose tolerance and 24 (2.2%) developed diabetes during the follow-up. At baseline, the age-adjusted amount of alcohol intake was significantly higher in males who developed glucose intolerance than in those who did not (26.7 g vs. 15.7 g, p < 0.05), while the polyunsaturated/saturated fatty acids (P/S) ratio was significantly higher in females with future glucose intolerance (1.42 vs. 1.31, p < 0.05). Among the female subjects who developed glucose intolerance, the intake of animal fat less decreased during the follow-up period compared with normal subjects, resulting in a significant decrease in the P/S ratio (-0.09 vs. 0.05, p < 0.05). In a multiple logistic regression analysis, alcohol intake at baseline for males and decreased P/S ratio during the follow-up for females remained a significant risk factor for glucose intolerance independent of other dietary and non-dietary factors as well. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that a high intake of alcohol and a decreased P/S ratio contribute to the risk of glucose intolerance in contemporary Japanese.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[A case of hypoxic brain damage induced by severe asthma successfully treated by hypothermia therapy].

We experienced a case of hypoxic brain damage induced by severe asthma who was successfully treated by hypothermia. A 20-year-old woman with a history of bronchial asthma suffered from severe respiratory distress and she stopped breathing for about 20 minutes. She was admitted to our hospital with respiratory arrest, deep coma, mydriasis and weak motor response to pain. She was intubated and mechanically ventilated with 100% oxygen. She was cooled down to 33 degrees C within 4 hours of her arrival. Her body temperature was maintained at about 33 degrees C for 2 days, and then gradually rewarmed. During hypothermia, PaCO2 was quite high(80-100 mmHg), but the intracranial pressure was kept low. After hypothermia therapy, she became free from consciousness disturbance and there were no neurological disorders except for mild myoclonus. Hypothermia has a possibility of effective therapy for patients with hypoxic brain damage after respiratory distress.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Shrinkage of carotid plaque in a patient with transient ischemic attack].

A 65-year-old man visited to our hospital, because he felt dull pain on the right side of the neck and had transient weakness of the left hand repeatedly. Carotid ultrasonography revealed a large plaque with severe stenosis and ulceration at the bifurcation of right common carotid artery. The plaque was mostly hypoechoic and only the basal part was hyperechoic. Magnetic resonance (MR) study showed multiple high-intensity spots in superficial borderzone area of the right cerebral hemisphere on fluid attenuated inversion recovery images, although diffusion-weighted images revealed no abnormality. Intracranial stenotic lesion was not detected by MR angiography. We diagnosed transient ischemic attacks due to right carotid artery stenosis. Nine days after the symptom onset, he showed no signs of cerebral ischemic attacks and seven days later he began taking aspirin and remained stable. Three months later, carotid ultrasonography showed marked shrinkage of the carotid plaque, of which hypoechoic part virtually disappeared. Release of the atheroma gruel and/or intraplaque hemorrhage due to plaque rupture might lead to dramatic change of the carotid plaque.

Aged↗
PubMed2002

Central alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone acts at melanocortin-4 receptor to activate sympathetic nervous system in conscious rabbits.

Intracerebroventricular injection of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) elicited increases in arterial pressure and renal sympathetic nerve activity in conscious rabbits. Pretreatment with intracerebroventricular injection of agouti-related protein, an endogenous melanocortin-3 and 4 receptor antagonist, prevented cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to alpha-MSH. Pretreatment with intracerebroventricular injection of JKC-363, a synthetic specific melanocortin-4 receptor antagonist, also prevented cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to alpha-MSH. In contrast, intravenous alpha-MSH (1 nmol) failed to cause any cardiovascular responses. These results suggest that intracerebroventricularly administered alpha-MSH acts at the melanocortin-4 receptor in the brain and activates sympathetic outflow, resulting in an increase in arterial pressure.

Agouti-Related Protein↗
PubMed2002

Chronic central infusion of orexin-A increases arterial pressure in rats.

We determined the cardiovascular responses as well as food and water intakes to chronic intracerebroventricular administration of orexin-A and orexin-B for 14 days in conscious rats. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of orexin-A (50 pmol/h) elicited a significant increase in systolic blood pressure on the third day (+15.6 +/- 2.9 mm Hg), and during the continuous intracerebroventricular infusion of orexin-A the blood pressure returned to the baseline levels at day 14. In contrast, chronic intracerebroventricular infusion of orexin-B (50 pmol/h) failed to change systolic blood pressure during the 14 days of experimental periods. Chronic intracerebroventricular infusions of neither orexin-A nor orexin-B changed urinary catecholamine excretions, food and water intakes, and urine volumes at 7 and 14 days of infusion periods. Mean arterial pressure directly measured at 14 days did not differ among the groups of orexin-A, orexin-B, and artificial cerebrospinal fluid treatments. Both intravenous injections of pentolinium (5 mg/kg), a ganglion blocking agent, and CV-11974 (0.05 mg/kg), an AT(1) receptor antagonist, decreased arterial pressure; however, these responses were not different among the groups. These results suggest that central orexin-A participates in the short-term regulation of blood pressure; however, the contributions of central orexins to the long-term regulations of blood pressure, sympathetic nervous system, and appetite may be little.

Animals↗