PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Mochiyoshi Ninomiya

Publications and source records attributed to Mochiyoshi Ninomiya.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Efficacy of micafungin against deep-seated candidiasis in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of fluconazole and micafungin for the therapy of deep-seated candidiasis in a cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mouse model. METHODS: We used the experimental model of intraperitoneal fungal abscess caused by Candida albicans, as described previously. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Micafungin efficacy was equal to that of fluconazole in one-tenth dosage even in peritonitis. We also assessed the short-term (24 h) and long-term (8 days) therapeutic effects after the end of therapy. Although the therapeutic effect of fluconazole was similar to that of micafungin at 24 h after the end of therapy, the effect of micafungin was superior to that of fluconazole at 8 days after the end of therapy.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Microbiology of Bartholin's gland abscess in Japan.

This study was conducted to determine the current epidemiology concerning the causative organisms for Bartholin's gland abscess in Japan. Microbiological examination of 224 cases showed positive results in 219 cases and negative results in 5 cases. Of all of the bacterial isolates, 307 and 118 were aerobes and anaerobes, respectively. The most frequently isolated bacterium was Escherichia coli. Of the anaerobes, the most frequently isolated organism was Bacteroides species, followed by Prevotella species. The organisms related to respiratory infectious diseases, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, including resistant bacteria, were sometimes involved between 2000 and 2004.

Abscess↗
PubMed2003

Tuboovarian abscess caused by Candida glabrata in a febrile neutropenic patient.

Deep-seated Candida infections are strongly associated with mortality and morbidity of patients, and need early diagnosis. The frequency of deep-seated fungal infection has recently been growing. We encountered a tuboovarian abscess caused by Candida glabrata after chemotherapy with an anticancer drug, methotrexate, in a febrile neutropenic patient. The susceptibilities to fluconazole and amphotericin B were 16 and 0.5 micro g/ml, respectively. Although combination therapy of fluconazole and amphotericin B was effective, left salpingectomy was laparoscopically performed because the left adnexal tumor continued to exist asymptomatically after 1 month.

Abscess↗
PubMed2003

Pharmacokinetics of single-dose intravenous ciprofloxacin in blood and ascites of patients with pelvic peritonitis.

To estimate the efficacy of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of pelvic peritonitis, a pharmacokinetic study was conducted in four Japanese subjects. Ciprofloxacin was administered intravenously at a dose of 300 mg for 1 h to patients with pelvic peritonitis. Ascites was collected by culdocentesis. The concentrations of ciprofloxacin in blood and ascites were measured by a bioassay, using Escherichia coli Kp as the test organism and heart infusion agar as the medium. The ciprofloxacin concentration in ascites ranged from 3.01 to 9.41 microg/ml. The values for the arithmetic mean of ascites/serum ranged from 4.01 to 19.37, which showed that the penetration of ciprofloxacin was higher in ascites than in serum. The concentrations of ciprofloxacin are generally higher in ascites than in blood. Taking the antimicrobial spectrum of ciprofloxacin and the causative organisms of pelvic peritonitis into account, intravenous ciprofloxacin could be a good candidate for use in the treatment of pelvic peritonitis from the point of view of pharmacokinetics.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2003

Clinical efficacy of clarithromycin against uterine cervical and pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis and the sensitivity of polymerase chain reaction to detect C. trachomatis at various time points after treatment.

The detection and eradication of pharyngeal Chlamydia trachomatis in patients with chlamydial uterine cervicitis (commercial sex workers and others) were investigated. Pharyngeal C. trachomatis was detected in 75.0% of the commercial sex workers and in 21.9% of the other subjects. All the pharyngeal C. trachomatis-positive patients had a past history of orogenital contact. Chlamydial infection was treated with clarithromycin for 7 or 14 days. The presence of C. trachomatis was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on days 8, 15, and 22 after completion of the treatment. In the 7-day treatment group, the eradication rate of pharyngeal C. trachomatis was 53.3%, 56.7%, and 60.0% on days 8, 15, and 22, respectively, after completion of the treatment, while the eradication rate of cervical C. trachomatis was 83.3%, 96.7%, and 100% on days 8, 15, and 22, respectively. The eradication rate of pharyngeal C. trachomatis in the 7-day treatment was significantly lower than that of cervical C. trachomatis, while there was no significant difference in the 14-day treatment. The eradication rate of pharyngeal C. trachomatis in the 14-day treatment was significantly higher than that in the 7-day treatment. Since the DNA of dead organisms may be detected because of high PCR sensitivity, appropriate therapeutic judgment by PCR could be done around day 22 after completion of the treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Penetration of oral telithromycin into female genital tissues.

To estimate the potential efficacy of telithromycin in the treatment of gynecological infections, a pharmacokinetic study was conducted in 13 Japanese subjects. Telithromycin was administered orally, at a dose of 600 mg, to patients undergoing hysterectomy, 3.0 to 7.5 h prior to the hysterectomy. At surgical operation, cubital venous blood, uterine arterial blood, vaginal cervix uteri (portio vaginalis), supravaginal uterine cervix, uterine endometrium, uterine myometrium, oviduct, and ovary specimens were collected separately. The blood and tissue concentrations of telithromycin were measured with a bioassay, using Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9361 as the test organism. The concentrations of telithromycin in these tissues and their proportions in relation to that in cubital venous blood (in parentheses) were as follows: cubital venous blood, 0.119 to 1.270 mg/l; uterine arterial blood, 0.111 to 1.230 mg/l; vaginal cervix uteri (portio vaginalis), 0.356 to 1.850 mg/kg (1.324 to 5.640), supravaginal uterine cervix, 0.376 to 4.520 mg/kg (1.108 to 16.807), uterine endometrium, 0.234 to 5.300 mg/kg (0.975 to 12.185), uterine myometrium, 0.309 to 5.050 mg/kg (1.288 to 19.832), oviduct, 0.375 to 5.550 mg/kg (1.563 to 10.000); and ovary, 0.495 to 5.250 mg/kg (1.835 to 6.851). From these results, it was concluded that the concentrations of telithromycin in female genital tissues are generally higher than those in blood. Taking the antimicrobial spectrum of telithromycin into consideration, it was suggested that telithromycin could potentially be a good candidate for the treatment of gynecological infections, including cases associated with sexually transmitted diseases.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2003

Puerperal intrauterine infection caused by Edwardsiella tarda.

Edwardsiella tarda infection is uncommon and has been reported to be associated with pet reptiles and the ingestion of raw fish. The majority of the infections occur as gastrointestinal disorders in immunocompromised hosts. We report a case of puerperal intrauterine E. tarda infection in a patient with no history of predisposing illness or of the recent ingestion of raw fish; this is the first such report. The patient complained of high fever, lower abdominal pain, and increasing amounts of malodorous genital discharge; these signs and symptoms responded well to intravenous antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of telithromycin.

BACKGROUND: Telithromycin is one of the ketolides, characterised by a 3-keto group instead of L-cladinose and a C(11)-C(12) carbamate link by an alkyl chain to a pyridinum and imidazolium ring side chain. We evaluated in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of telithromycin against gynaecological pathogens. METHODS: In the vitro study, the antibacterial activity of telithromycin against 180 isolates (isolated in the year 2000) of Streptococcus agalactiae (n = 33), Enterococcus faecalis (n = 22), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (n = 30), Peptostreptococcus anaerobius (n = 20), Finegoldia magna (n = 20), Bacteroides fragilis (n = 25) and Prevotella bivia (n = 30) was compared with that of erythromycin A, clarithromycin, azithromycin, ampicillin and levofloxacin. In the in vivo study, the efficacy of telithromycin was evaluated using experimental intra-abdominal abscesses in mice caused by B. fragilis (minimum inhibitory concentration of telithromycin 0.5 mg/l). RESULTS: In the in vitro study, telithromycin inhibited more than 50% of clinical isolates of S. agalactiae, E. faecalis, N. gonorrhoeae, P. anaerobius, F. magna, B. fragilis and P. bivia at concentrations of 0.016, 0.063, 0.063, 0.032, 0.032, 0.5 and 0.25 mg/l, respectively. Telithromycin inhibited more than 90% of these clinical isolates at concentrations of 0.016, 4, 0.125, 0.063, 0.063, 4 and 1 mg/l, respectively. In the in vivo study, telithromycin inhibited abscess formation and significantly decreased viable cell counts in abscesses in comparison with the untreated group. CONCLUSIONS: These in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities suggest that telithromycin could be a potential candidate for the treatment of bacterial infections complicated by chlamydial infection.

Abdominal Abscess↗
PubMed2002

[Investigation on administration method of carbapenems].

Seventy-two women diagnosed as parametritis were enrolled in this study and examined on the effective administration method of carbapenems, imipenem/cilastatin (IPM/CS), panipenem/betamipron (PAPM/BP) and meropenem (MEPM). The total dosage of each carbapenem was 1.5 g/day, and administration frequency was twice a day (0.75 g x 2) or three times a day (0.5 g x 3). We reviewed the highest body temperature, white blood cell count and CRP value, before treatment and the fourth day after the start of treatment. Three times a day method was statistically superior to twice a day method in the highest body temperature, and CRP value. When we use carbapenem antimicrobial agents, the basis of PK/PD of time above MIC would lead to the increasing clinical effects.

Adult↗