Biomedical subjects

Monica Scheibmeir

Publications and source records attributed to Monica Scheibmeir.

4 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2004

Gender, smoking expectancies, and readiness to quit among urban African American smokers.

The relationship between smoking expectancies and readiness to quit as well as gender differences in expectancies and readiness to quit was examined among 484 urban African American smokers. Univariate analyses revealed that higher positive expectancies were generally associated with less readiness to quit and higher negative expectancies were associated with greater readiness to quit. A multivariable model indicated that stimulation/state enhancement, taste/sensorimotor manipulation, and weight control were most strongly related to intention to quit. Although men and women did not differ on readiness to quit, women reported higher scores on the negative affect reduction subscale than did men.

Affect↗

PubMed2003

Perceptions of smoking among African American light smokers.

Despite smoking fewer cigarettes per day, African Americans extract more nicotine per cigaretts smoked, and have higher than expected tobacco-related morbidity and mortality. The present study explores perceptions about smoking and motivations for smoking cessation among African American light smokers. Four focus groups consisting of 22 adults were conducted at an inner-city community health center. Participants were recruited through flyers and referral by clinic staff. Two major themes were identified: (1) similar smoking patterns, and (2) perceived differences from heavy smokers. Many participants perceived themselves as addicted to nicotine, experienced withdrawal symptoms with past quit attempts, and are interested in smoking cessation. Perceptions about nicotine addiction, difficulty with quitting, and interest in smoking cessation suggest a need to design and test cessation interventions among this understudied population.

Black or African American↗

PubMed2002

Light smokers: issues and recommendations.

Although the overall prevalence of tobacco smoking in the United States is decreasing, the proportion of light smokers is increasing and is as high as 50% among some groups. There is growing evidence that light smokers experience significantly higher health risks compared to nonsmokers, and they are often unable to quit smoking on their own. The prevalence of light smoking differs among subpopulations in the US and is particularly common among adolescents, college students, pregnant women, and some ethnic minorities. Characteristics of light smokers in these subpopulations vary, as do the underlying reasons for smoking, barriers to cessation, and treatment issues. Unfortunately, the paucity of research to develop and test effective cessation aids is common across all groups of light smokers. Given the substantial portion of light smokers in these populations, development and dissemination of effective behavioral and pharmacological interventions for light smokers is likely to result in substantial smoking reduction rates in the general population.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Participation of African Americans in a smoking cessation trial: a quantitative and qualitative study.

African Americans (AAs) have been considered a hard to reach research population. In a clinical trial of bupropion for smoking cessation, failure to return for randomization was concerning during the initial phase of recruitment. There were three study goals: to review the research on clinical trial participation barriers, to use quantitative analyses to identify differences between randomized (n = 66) and non-randomized (n = 54) participants, and to use focus groups and interviews (2 groups and 2 interviews, 17 participants) to elicit participation barriers and suggestions for participation enhancement. Randomized participants were older (44.1 vs. 37.6; p = 0.0019), predominately female (81.8% vs. 63.0%; p = 0.0201), more likely to have some college (33.3% vs. 16.7%; p = 0.0380), and less likely to be employed full time (32.4% vs. 53.7%; p = 0.0347). Randomized participants reported higher motivation to quit smoking (8.3 vs. 7.3; p = 0.0083) and higher confidence to quit (8.2 vs. 7.3; p = 0.0357). A logistic regression model specified age, gender, and motivation to quit, as predictors of randomization. Focus groups identified transportation, lack of readiness to quit, inadequate reminders, and employment conflicts as barriers to participation. Knowledge of differences between those who return for enrollment and those who do not may be used to increase AA enrollment in clinical trials.

Adult↗