PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

Morio Koike

Publications and source records attributed to Morio Koike.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Quantitative analysis of mycobacterial and propionibacterial DNA in lymph nodes of Japanese and European patients with sarcoidosis.

The cause(s) of sarcoidosis is unknown. Mycobacterium spp. are suspected in Europe and Propionibacterium spp. are suspected in Japan. The present international collaboration evaluated the possible etiological links between sarcoidosis and the suspected bacterial species. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of biopsy samples of lymph nodes, one from each of 108 patients with sarcoidosis and 65 patients with tuberculosis, together with 86 control samples, were collected from two institutes in Japan and three institutes in Italy, Germany, and England. Genomes of Propionibacterium acnes, Propionibacterium granulosum, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, and Escherichia coli (as the control) were counted by quantitative real-time PCR. Either P. acnes or P. granulosum was found in all but two of the sarcoid samples. M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis was found in no sarcoid sample. M. tuberculosis was found in 0 to 9% of the sarcoid samples but in 65 to 100% of the tuberculosis samples. In sarcoid lymph nodes, the total numbers of genomes of P. acnes or P. granulosum were far more than those of M. tuberculosis. P. acnes or P. granulosum was found in 0 to 60% of the tuberculosis and control samples, but the total numbers of genomes of P. acnes or P. granulosum in such samples were less than those in sarcoid samples. Propionibacterium spp. are more likely than Mycobacteria spp. to be involved in the etiology of sarcoidosis, not only in Japanese but also in European patients with sarcoidosis.

Actinomycetales Infections↗
PubMed2002

[Postgraduate medical training in anatomical pathology in Japanese national universities].

In Japan, pathologists are not well recognized as clinicians. There is no nation-wide postgraduate medical training(PGMT) system for anatomical pathology(AP). PGMT of AP is performed in the department of pathology(DP) in the basic medicine(BM) in individual medical schools(MS). However, the main research field of DP of BM has gradually changed from early AP to late experimental pathology(EP), and in the recent years PGMT for AP in MS appears to be performed during intervals between EP, and good PGMT for AP is not available in the majority of MS. The diagnostic pathology division(DPD) in national university hospitals(UH) was established in Tohoku UH in 1972. Since then DPD has been established in 33 of 42 national UHs to date. Moreover, 2-years obligatory system of postgraduate clinical education was set out by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare in 1994, and was arranged to start from 2004. Under these circumstances, PGMT for AP in the majority of national MSs will likely be performed in DPD of UH. However, there are not sufficient numbers of staff for PGMT usually available in DPD of UH only, and residency program for PGMT in AP has already been established in only 21 of 42 national MS and actual training courses for AP have been started in only 13 of 42 UHs to date. PGMT for AP should be performed mainly in DPD of UH, together with the help of DP of BM, and DPD of related hospitals to obtain sufficient staff, and should be arranged as a 5-year course with initial 2-year and late 3-year training system to obtain board certification by the Japanese Society of Pathology.

Anatomy↗
PubMed2002

The Clara cells activated by acetaminophen.

Many high mountaineers die of acute mountain sickness in the high mountains of Nepal during their adventure. Most of them administer acetaminophen (AP) as an analgesic. Various cells with higher expression of cytochrome P-450 (CYP) would metabolize AP and lead to cellular impairment. CYP is a major enzyme system in the metabolism of xenobiotics in different organs of the human being including in Clara cells of the lungs. Clara cells contain the highest concentration of CYP. We injected AP to C57BL/6J mice to examine the toxicity of AP in Clara cells. In 8 hours Clara cells show more prominent apical protrusion with edematous smooth endoplasmic reticulum (sER), reduced secretary granules, and edema. We speculate that using AP in a high mountain area might be harmful for Clara cells being a trigger of high altitude sickness.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sarcomatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung: clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular analyses.

BACKGROUND: Biphasic lung cancers with admixtures of adenocarcinoma and sarcomatoid components but lacking true mesenchymal differentiation (sarcomatoid adenocarcinomas) are rare, and extensive studies of their clinicopathological characteristics and histogenesis have not been performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six surgically resected sarcomatoid adenocarcinomas were compared clinicopathologically with 317 standard adenocarcinomas, and studied immunohistochemically and by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis focusing on each component. RESULTS: In comparison with standard adenocarcinomas, the sarcomatoid adenocarcinomas occurred in older patients, were more likely to be associated with smoking and were more acinar than papillary, with a worse five-year prognosis. Immunohistochemically, sarcomatoid components were positive for epithelial markers in three cases. In one case the carcinoma showed retention of heterozygosity and the sarcomatoid components allelic loss, while all other cases showed retention or LOH in both components. CONCLUSION: The sarcomatoid adenocarcinoma exhibits different clinicopathological characteristics from standard adenocarcinomas. The present immunohistochemical and LOH analyses provided support for the idea that both components are derived from one precursor cell, and that progression may be by way of adenocarcinoma to sarcomatoid differentiation.

Adenocarcinoma↗