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Biomedical subjects

Mustafa Yildirim

Publications and source records attributed to Mustafa Yildirim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Comparison of extraarticular leakage values of radiopharmaceuticals used for radionuclide synovectomy.

OBJECTIVES: Radionuclide synovectomy is a reliable therapy in patients with chronic synovitis. However, radiation doses delivered to non-target organ systems due to leakage of radioactive material from the articular cavity are an important disadvantage of this procedure. In this study we compared extraarticular leakage values of the 3 commonly used radiopharmaceuticals; 90Y-citrate, 90Y-silicate and 186Re-sulfide colloid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with persistent synovitis were enrolled in the study. Twenty-two hemophilic, 8 rheumatoid arthritis and 5 patients with pigmented villonodular synovitis were studied. 90Y labeled silicate and citrate were used for knee joints and 186Re-sulfide for intermediate sized joints. Radiocolloid leakage values were evaluated using a gamma camera with 20% window centered over the bremsstrahlung photopeak of 90Y and a respective window over the 137 keV photopeak of 186Re. Regions of interest were drawn over the injection site, the regional lymph nodes and the background areas. Leakage of radiocolloid was calculated by dividing the counts/pixel in the regional lymph node area to the counts/pixel in the injection site. RESULTS: No visible leakage was observed. The median leakage values calculated for 90Y-citrate, 90Y-silicate and 186Re-sulfide were found as 1.9%, 2.4% and 2.7%, respectively. The difference between the variability of leakage values was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in terms of extraarticular leakage between 9Y-citrate, 9Y-silicate and 186Re-sulfide radiocolloids.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Morphological asymmetry in thyroid lobes, and sex and handedness differences in healthy young subjects.

The aim of the present study was to investigate sex and handedness differences in the sizes of the right and left thyroid lobes. Subjects were 72 healthy university students (36 female and 36 male), 18 to 23 years of age. Hand preference was assessed using the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory. The volumes of the right and left thyroid lobes were measured by ultrasonography. The right lobe was larger than the left. The right and left lobes were larger in men than in women. There were no handedness difference in the total thyroid volume and the volume of right lobe. But, the left lobe was larger in right-handed subjects than in the left handed ones. The difference (right minus left) was statistically larger in left-handers than in right-handers. The sex-related differences may be attributed to the sex differences in body weight. It can be stated that handedness is associated with the asymmetry of thyroid lobes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

99mTc-labelled red blood cell single-photon emission computed tomography for the diagnosis and follow-up of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

AIM: To confirm the usefulness of blood pool scintigraphy with Tc-labelled red blood cells ((99m)Tc-RBCs) in the diagnosis and follow-up of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. METHODS: A prospective study design was used. (99m)Tc-RBCs were prepared by a modified in-vivo method. After the rapid intravenous injection of 370-740 MBq of (99m)Tc-RBCs, dynamic imaging of 1-min duration was performed. After dynamic imaging, static acquisitions at 5 min (second phase: blood pool phase) and 2 h (third phase: static image) were obtained. In addition, single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging was performed at 2 h. SPECT images were obtained using a rotating gamma camera (GE-Starcam 4000 XR/T). RESULTS: All patients showed no activity in the first phase and mild activity in the second phase (blood pool phase). All patients with juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma showed a prominent increased activity in the third phase and in SPECT images. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that blood pool scintigraphy with (99m)Tc-RBC SPECT is very accurate, easy to perform and a suitable alternative to pre-operative and post-operative imaging techniques, including computed tomography scan, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MRI angiography, for the detection of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocyte scintigraphy in the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease.

BACKGROUND: Scintigraphy using leucocytes labelled with 99mTc hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) is widely used for the localization of inflammatory foci and abscesses in cases of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, which is one of the serious health problems of women of child-bearing age. Early diagnosis and effective management of this condition can preserve fertility and prevent serious complications, such as peritonitis and sepsis. AIM: To evaluate the importance of scintigraphy using 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes in the early diagnosis of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease. METHODS: Fifteen women (mean age 29.2+/-8 years, range 25-46 years) with suspicion of pyogenic pelvic inflammatory disease based on gynaecological examinations, clinical findings and blood tests were included in this study. The patients received 555 MBq 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes, by injection, and were scanned by scintigraphy 0.5-1, 3 and 24 h later in the anterior abdominal projection. Ten of the patients were then evaluated by abdominal or transvaginal ultrasonography, four by computed tomography and two by both ultrasound and computed tomography. The final diagnosis was made by surgical intervention. RESULTS: Scintigraphy detected pelvic inflammatory disease in five of the patients. In three of them the disease was apparent on the scans taken at 0.5-1 h, and in the other two it was apparent at 3 h. There were no false negative results, and one false positive result. The scan accurately reflected the absence of pelvic inflammatory disease in nine patients showing non-pathological tracer uptake in the lower abdominal region. CONCLUSION: We showed that scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 90%, overall accuracy of 93%, positive predictive value of 83%, and negative predictive value of 100%. Therefore, we conclude that 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocyte scans provide a rapid and highly accurate method for diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease in women of child-bearing age. This adds an important contribution to the diagnosis of infection and helps determine further operative or conservative treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Bilateral choanal atresia; evaluation with scintigraphy: case report.

Bilateral choanal atresia is a rare congenital anomaly that may cause severe neonatal respiratory distress. The clinical presentation varies from immediate postnatal cyanosis and respiratory distress to nasal obstruction with an associated persistent mucoid discharge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bilateral choanal atresia preoperatively and postoperatively on nasal mucociliary clearance with the radioisotope method (using technetium-99m macroaggregated albumin). We present a 17-year-old girl with bilateral choanal atresia treated by transnasal endoscopic surgery. The patient was free of symptoms for three years postoperatively. Mucociliary activity was returned to normal images.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Imaging system for visualization and numerical analysis of cancer at stomach and skin tissues.

Digital imaging of cancerous cells is instrumental not only in determining the characteristic of the cancer but also monitoring the progress of the disease in the follow up of the patient and adapting the treatment, accordingly. Therefore, we have developed an imaging system to display and layout the characteristics of normal and cancerous cells in an automated way. Image processing techniques are performed on the digitized images of stomach and skin tissues, in order to derive the number of cells, area of an individual cell, and average area of the cells in a certain size of an image window.

Analog-Digital Conversion↗
PubMed2005

Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of erythromycin on aseptic inflammation of temporomandibular joint in rabbit: a scintigraphic and histopathologic study.

This article investigates the anti-inflammatory effects of erythromycin (EM) on aseptic inflammation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space using by Tc-99 m HIG scintigraphy and histopathology. In this experimental study, 33 adult male New Zealand White rabbits were divided into three groups. The animals in the first group were treated with EM 25 mg kg(-1); the animals in the second group were treated with methylprednisolone (MP) 2 mg kg(-1) and the animals in the third group were given saline solution (control group). Each drug was given by intraperitoneal injection twice a day for 7 days. Two hours after the last injection, carrageenan was injected into right TMJ of rabbits for aseptic inflammation. After carrageenan injection, each rabbit was given an intravenous injection of 111 Mbq (3 mCi) Tc-99 m human HIG, and scanning was performed 4 h later. Later, all animals were killed and TMJ and periarticular tissues were resected. Histopathologically, the distance between synovial surface epithelium (SSE) and muscle layer (ML) in each section was measured by using SAMBA 200 Cell image processor with software. Scintigraphically, when lesion activity/adjacent region activity (L/N) was evaluated there was a significant difference between the control group and the other two groups (P < 0.05 for EM and MP). However, no significant difference was found between the EM and MP groups. Histopathologically, the mean distance between SSE and ML in the sections was found longer in the control group (78.6 +/- 10.7 microm) than in the EM (44.38 +/- 18.26 microm) and MP (44.05. +/- 18.25 microm) groups. We think that administration of EM, which is a well-known macrolid antibiotic, might be very effective in the treatment of aseptic inflammation of TMJ space. Because corticosteroid administration has many side effects, EM may be a preferable drug in the treatment of inflammation of TMJ.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Genotoxicity of thallium-201 in patients with angina pectoris undergoing myocardial perfusion study.

Thallium-201 (201Tl) has been widely used as a nuclear reagent for myocardial blood flow imaging. The purpose of this study was to investigate genotoxic effects of 201Tl in patients with angina pectoris (n = 21), who had undergone myocardial perfusion imaging. Lymphocytes were isolated from each patient before, and 3, 30 and 90 days after 201Tl administration (111 MBq, 3 mCi) and were analyzed for chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges, mitotic index and replicative index. There were significant increases in chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges 3 days after 201Tl administration (p < 0.001), although no difference was noted in these values after 30 and 90 days (p > 0.05). Moreover, decreased mitotic index and replicative index were noted after 3 days of 201Tl administration (p < 0.001). These results suggest that the administration of 201Tl for myocardial blood flow imaging may induce genetic damage.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed2004

Assessment of HAV and HEV seroprevalence in children living in post-earthquake camps from Düzce, Turkey.

The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalance of enterically transmitted hepatitis among children living in post-earthquake camps, and to assess the efficacy of the measurements during and after the disaster in Düzce and Golyaka. In the second half of 1999, North-western Turkey, was struck by two massive earthquakes in less than 3 months. The first, on 17 August 1999, involving Golyaka, was struck, measuring between 7.4 and 7.8 on the Richter scale. Irregularity about providing clean water and necessary sanitary facilities were observed after the first earthquake because of confusion. The second quake, on 12 November 1999, which rated 7.2 on the Richter scale, shook Düzce. Necessary precautions were applied rapidly at the second quake about shelter, clean drinking water, food and control of distribution of the aids by government and civil aid organisations. Anti-HEV(IgG) and anti-HAV(IgG) antibodies were determined in 476 sera of the children who was living in six camps. HAV prevalence of the children who were living in Düzce and Golyaka temporary houses was 44.4 and 68.8% respectively, OR: 0.37, CI 95%: 0.22-0.61, p = 0.0005. HEV prevalence of the children was 4.7 and 17.2% respectively, OR: 0.24, CI 95%: 0.11-0.51, p = 0.0007. In conclusion, HAV and HEV prevalence of children were lower than that in endemic areas but higher than that in developed countries. This study has pointed out the importance of providing urgent need of the sufficient sanitary facilities after disasters for preventing or reducing the incidence of enterically transmitted hepatitis, especially in the regions which were at risk for various disasters. Essential precautions such as providing clean water and food supply must be taken and an emergency action plan for preventing the infectious disease must be prepared before disasters such as earthquakes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Handedness and bilateral femoral bone densities in men and women.

To examine the relation of hand preference to bilateral femoral bone mineral density (BMD), the right and left total and regional (neck, trochanter, intertrochanteric, and Ward's triangle) proximal femur BMDs (g/cm2) were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorbtiometry (DEXA) in 32 right- and 26 left-handed university students. The mean total BMD of the total right-handers and the mean trochanteric BMD of the right- handed males were greater in the left femur than the right femur. Contrarily, the total left-handers had higher mean intertrochanteric BMD in the right side than in the left side. There were negative correlations between R-L BMD differences and Geschwind scores of total, male, and female subjects. The results suggest that femur-BMD may be related to hand preference.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed2004

Unrecognized abrasions and occupational exposures to blood-borne pathogens among health care workers in Turkey.

AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of exposures to potentially infective biological material, the use of gloves and the presence and awareness of skin abrasions amongst health care workers (HCWs). METHODS: Analysis of reported exposures during a 12 month period, questionnaire and skin examination by a dermatologist on HCWs at the University Hospital in Duzce, Turkey. RESULTS: Out of 415 HCWs, 278 responded to the questionnaire giving a response rate of 67%. There were 152 potentially infectious exposures reported on the questionnaire. Only 14% (21) of exposures were recorded between October 2001 and October 2002 at the time of the incident. Sharps injuries (57%) were reported most frequently in nurses, while splashes to mucous membranes occurred most frequently in physicians (36%). The operating theatre was the major location of incidents (56%). The frequency of abrasions on the hands was higher in female HCWs (60%) (P < 0.05). Wearing gloves for all procedures was most common in laboratory workers (60%). Abrasions were found on the hands of 142 (51%) of 278 HCWs. Sixteen per cent of the HCWs were unaware of abrasions on their hands. CONCLUSION: There appears to be under-reporting of potentially infectious exposures by HCWs. HCWs are not always aware of abrasions on their hands. This study reinforces the need to report exposures and to use personal protective equipment.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Lack of correlation between Tc-99m-sestaMIBI uptake and cadherin expression in infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma as prognostic indicators.

Despite using various kinds of prognostic indicators, it is still not possible to predict the biological behavior of breast cancer in all patients. Tc-99m-sestaMIBI (MIBI) uptake determined by breast scintigraphy and cadherin expression of tumor tissue revealed by immunohistochemistry are suggested as potential agents for this purpose. We hypothesize that there can be a correlation between MIBI whose cellular mitochondrial content is claimed to play a significant role in its tumor uptake and cadherin whose downregulation causes an increase in mitochondrial activity in human mammary carcinoma cell lines. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the degree of MIBI tumor uptake and cadherin expression in infiltrating ductal breast carcinoma. Correlation with response to chemotherapy and some known prognostic factors of breast cancer such as tumor size, number of metastatic axillary lymph nodes and microscopic grading was also done. Fourteen patients who underwent scintimammography and subsequent surgical excisional biopsy that revealed infiltrating ductal carcinoma were enrolled in this study. Statistical analysis did not show any correlation between MIBI uptake and cadherin expression (p > 0.05). Also, no statistically significant correlation was noted between MIBI uptake and tumor size, number of metastatic lymph nodes, microscopic grade, stage of the disease or response to chemotherapy. Similarly, there was no statistically significant correlation between cadherin expression and tumor size, number of metastatic lymph nodes, microscopic grade, stage of the disease or chemotherapy response. The results of this study imply that there is no correlation between MIBI tumor uptake and cadherin expression with neither of them good enough to be used as prognostic indicators for breast cancer.

Adult↗