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Biomedical subjects

N A Beischer

Publications and source records attributed to N A Beischer.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Acute polyhydramnios--a complication of monozygous twin pregnancy.

Eight patients with acute polyhydramnios were encountered in 31 103 pregnancies, an incidence of 1 in 3888. All patients with acute polyhydramnios had monozygous twin pregnancies and 14 of the 16 infants were normal. The condition occurred in the second trimester and usually ended in premature delivery within a few days. The perinatal mortality was 100 per cent and accounted for 14.9 per cent of the perinatal mortality in twins.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Parity and pre-eclampsia.

In a series of 26,209 patiens, the incidence of pre-eclampsia was 9.3%, being significantly higher in primiparae (14.1%) than multiparae (5.7%) (P less than 0.001). In patients with early-onset pre-eclampsia there were highly significant (P less than 0.001) increases in the incidences of proteinuria, severe hypertension, placental abruption, fetal growth retardation, neonatal asphyxia and perinatal mortality. There were no significant differences between the incidences of these complications in primiparae and multiparae. The incidence of subnormal oestriol excretion was increased before the emergence of early-onset pre-eclampsia with equal to significance (P less than 0.001) in primiparae and multiparae. Eclampsia was more common in patients with late-onset pre-eclampsia, but not significantly so.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Congenital malformations, abnormal glucose tolerance, and estriol excretion in pregnancy.

Study of 10,454 consecutive newborn infants showed that 4.1% had a major malformation and 6.5% had a minor malformation. The incidence of major fetal malformations was increased in stillborn infants (14.1%), neonatal deaths (36.7%), and dysmature infants (8.6%), and when there was maternal hypoglycemia (5.8%, hyperglycemia (5.8%), or subnormal urinary estriol excretion (9.8%). Minor malformations were associated with fetal dysmaturity (9.7%) and subnormal estriol excretion (8.8%). Abnormalities of maternal glucose tolerance and urinary estriol excretion were associated with specific types of major malformations. These data showed that hypoglycemia was as important as hyperglycemia in the etiology of fetal malformations.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

Incidences and types of malformations in newborn infants.

The incidence of fetal malformations in a teaching hospital was determined by prospective study of 10,454 consecutively born infants. One or more major malformation was detected in 424 (4-1%) and one or more minor malformation was detected in 680 (6-5%). Major malformations were more common in stillborn infants (14-1%), in those who died in the neonatal period (36-7%) and in those who were small for dates (8-6%). Small for dates infants were the only group with a significant increase in the incidence of minor malformations (9-7%). The most common major malformations involved the genital organs (17-8%), limbs (14-2%), heart (11-4%) and central nervous system (10-6%). The most common minor malformations involved the skin, hair and nails (67-3%), limbs (7-7%) and genital organs (5-5%). Small for dates infants should be carefully examined to exclude major and minor malformations.

Australia↗
PubMed1977

Importance of abnormal glucose tolerance (hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia) in the aetiology of pre-eclampsia.

In a series of 794 patients who had glucose tolerance tests done before the onset of pre-eclampsia, both hypoglycaemia (less than 5th percentile) and hyperglycaemia (P less than 95th percentile) had a significant association with early-onset severe pre-eclampsia ( less than 0.05). In the total series of 794 patients, hypoglycaemia had a significant association with low oestriol excretion (p less than 0.01), fetal growth retardation (p less than 0-05), low Apgar score (p less than 0.05), and perinatal mortality (p less than 0.05). These data indicate that, in patients with pre-eclampsia, hypoglycaemia is directly related to the cause of perinatal death.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1977

Incidence of anencephaly and other major malformations when oestriol excretion is very low.

A study of 533 women with very low urinary oestriol excretion during the third trimester of pregnancy showed an incidence of major fetal malformations among their infants of 7-1% and a perinatal mortality rate of 14-6%. Thirteen of the malformations were cases of anencephaly, and 26 of the 78 perinatal deaths were due to or associated with major fetal malformations. The incidence of these complications was higher when maternal oestriol excretion was lower. Routine screening by urinary oestriol assay, with fetal radiography when values below 20-8 mumol/24 hours (6 mg/24 h) are detected is the most reliable method of detecting anencephaly before birth.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1976

The association between abnormal glucose tolerance (hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia) and estriol excretion in pregnancy.

In 2,000 consecutive patients having glucose tolerance tests in pregnancy hyperglycemia (greater than or equal to ninety-fifth percentile) was associated with increased placental weight (p less than 0.01) but not with increased fetal birth weight. Patients with hypoglycemia (less than or equal to fifth percentile) were more likely to have small-for-dates babies (p less than 0.01). Perinatal death was related to maternal glucose tolerance, being reduced from 1.3% in the total series to 0.6% when normoglycemia was present (p less than 0.05); it was significantly increased in the presence of maternal hyperglycemia (p less than 0.001) and hypoglycemia (p less than 0.01). A combination of abnormal glucose tolerance and subnormal estriol excretion detected pregnancies with significantly higher incidences of fetal and placental growth retardation, major fetal malformations, and perinatal deaths. Moreover, the combination of normoglycemia and normal estriol excretion (62.3% of patients) was associated with a very favorable pregnancy outcome (0.4% perinatal death rate). Hypoglycemia was at least as significant as hyperglycemia in terms of unfavorable pregnancy outcome, especially when associated with subnormal estriol excretion.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

The effect of fetal and placental weight at birth on weight during early childhood.

A study of children whose birth weights or placental weights were above the 90th or below the 10th percentile for gestational age indicated that bigness at birth tends to be an innate quality, as the majority of those who were large at birth remained oversized. The small at birth are not all destined to remain diminutive, as the children in this category attained a normal distribution curve for weight during the first year of life. Thus smallness at birth may represent intrauterine nutritional deprivation and be overcome with normal access to calories. The influence of the placenta on infant size is temporary and is modified by extrauterine nutrition. Thus, although there was a direct relationship between birth weight and placental weight, the distribution of weight of children with either large or small placentas was not significantly different from the expected normal distribution at one year of age.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Low oestriol excretion: incidence, significance and treatment in an obstetric population.

In a series of 6,361 consecutive patients, low oestroil excretion late in pregnancy was detected in 871 cases (13-6%) and was associated with significantly increased incidences of still birth (P less than 0-001), neonatal death (P less than 0-001) and intrauterine growth retardation (P less than 0-001). Persistently low oestriol excretion occurred in approximately 3% of patients and two-thirds of these were suitable for conservative treatment with intravenous infusion of dextrose (25%) and fructose (20%) (2 1. of each in 48 hours). In 97 of 147 patients (65%), low oestriol excretion was favourably affected by this regimen, with significantly improved perinatal results (P less than 0-001).

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

Children born from pregnancies complicated by subnormal oestriol excretion--first year.

This paper is the first of a series concerning the follow-up of children whose mothers had subnormal oestriol excretion during pregnancy. The incidences of still births, neonatal deaths, dysmaturity and major and minor congenital malformations were significantly increased in pregnancies complicated by one or more subnormal oestriol value. Growth parameters and developmental progress were measured of 136 infants who attained the age of one year, and it was encouraging to find that no gross departures from normal were observed.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

The influence of abnormal glucose tolerance (hyperglycaemia and hypoglycaemia) on pregnancy outcome when oestriol excretion is subnormal.

Subnormal urinary oestriol excretion was present in 611 (13.9 per cent) of 4403 consecutive patients in whom a glucose tolerance test had been performed and urinary oestriol excretion measured during the third trimester of pregnancy. Hypoglycaemia (less than 5th centile) had a significant association with subnormal oestriol excretion. The perinatal mortality rate was significantly higher in the presence of abnormal glucose tolerance when oestriol excretion was low. Normoglycaemia was associated with a perinatal mortality rate of 1.7 per cent when oestriol excretion was persistently low, whereas in the presence of hyperglycaemia (greater than 95th centile) the perinatal mortality rate was 12.5 per cent (P less than 0.01) and when there was hypoglycaemia the rate was 14.8 per cent (P less than 0.001). Small-fordates babies occurred in 46.3 per cent of pregnancies complicated by hypoglycaemia and persistently subnormal urinary oestriol excretion. The advantage of routine urinary oestriol assay and glucose tolerance testing in pregnancy is emphasized.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1975

Evaluation of the three-hour oral glucose tolerance test in detection of significant hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia in pregnancy.

Analysis of 2,000 consecutive patients who had a three-hour 50-gm. oral glucose tolerance test done in the third trimester of pregnancy has shown that the three-hour reading was not necessary for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes. It was found that hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia (95th and 5th percentiles, respectively, for plasma glucose levels) were significantly associated with an increased risk for perinatal mortality. Furthermore, hyperglycemia was associated with an increased incidence of large-for-dates placentas and hypoglycemia with small-for-dates infants and small-for-dates placentas. These associations with hypoglycemia were seen to be greatest when this occurred at the three-hour level, and it was concluded that the three-hour measurement should be retained until the clinical significance of hypoglycemia in pregnancy is fully determined.

Birth Weight↗