Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N A Brown.
Exposure to ethanol retards growth and differentiation in cultured rat embryos during organogenesis. The development of untreated embryos is indistinguishable from growth in utero. These data suggest that the hypoplastic features of children born to chronically alcoholic mothers are due, at least in part, to a direct action of ethanol, which causes reduced embryonic cellular proliferation early in gestation.
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The interaction of acenocoumarin, coumachlor, phenprocoumon, and warfarin with human and bovine serum albumin was investigated by ultracentrifugation and circular dichroism measurements. Although all four drugs generate extrinsic Cotton effects when bound to human and bovine serum albumin, large differences in the signs and the intensities of the Cotton effects are observed. The differences in the induced Cotton effects suggest differential molecular binding mechanisms.
Irradiation of the iris of glaucoma patients with either a ruby or an argon laser caused no obvious disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier (as visualised by fluorescein angiography), in contrast to a sudden and pronounced effect in the rabbit eye. Only a low and variable increase in intraocular pressure occurred in the human subjects after the laser irradiation in comparison with a consistently high rise of ocular tension in the rabbit. This investigation indicates that the human eye is much less responsive to injury.
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In a clinical classification of fine superficial corneal lines, we recognized five major types of line: mare's tail lines, fibrillary lines, fingerprint lines, lacunar dystrophy or map-like changes, and tram lines. The fingerprint lines were further classified into several subgroups. There was a relationship between certain lines, in particular, fingerprint lines and lacunar dystrophy or map-like change with the occurrence of Cogan's microcystic dystrophy and recurrent erosion.
The effect of pilocarpine on visual acuity and on the dimensions of the cornea, anterior chamber, and lens were studied in two groups of subjects. Significant changes in ocular tension, corneal curvature, anterior chamber depth, and lens anterior radius were found in a group of 55 glaucomatous eyes as a result of pilocarpine treatment, but there was no change in corneal thickness. Out of 102 glaucomatous eyes 78 became relatively myopic, and this appears to be due to changes in the dimensions of the lens of the eye similar to those occurring in accommodation, as a result of the effect of the drug on the ciliary muscle. The effect of pilocarpine on anterior chamber depth, area, and volume was studied in 125 eyes using a photographic method, and a significant reduction in the dimensions of the anterior chamber was observed as a result of the administration of pilocarpine. A significant correlation between depth and volume was also noted and the implications of this are discussed.