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Biomedical subjects

N A Farber

Publications and source records attributed to N A Farber.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Leukinferon in the treatment of patients with acute viral hepatitis b].

Leukinferon activity was studied in a controlled trial including 30 patients with acute viral hepatitis. The disease ran a moderate severity course in the majority of the patients. Leukinferon, a combined preparation of natural interferon and cytokines produced by virus-induced leukocytes, has marked immunomodulating properties at moderate antiviral activity. Leukinferon was administered intramuscularly for 10 days according to the following scheme: day 1-1 sample 3 times, day 2-1 ampule 2 times, day 3-10-1 ampule a day (overall 1 x 10(5) U of interferon). Due to leukinferon the symptoms of intoxication declined, hepatic biochemistry normalized more rapidly as well as the period of viremia and antigenemia. Positive clinical trends correlated with interferon system improvement and activation of natural killers. 6 months later complete recovery was registered in all leukinferon-treated subjects.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Viral hepatitis in pregnant women--the relationship of the severity of the disease to the etiology of the infection].

The author summarizes the experience of many years (1956-1989) gained with studies into the relationship between the gravity of viral hepatitides in the pregnant and etiology of disease. Virus A hepatitis runs a favourable course in the pregnant, i.e. without severe and fulminant forms. In virus B hepatitis, the pregnant women are threatened with the development of hepatic coma associated with a high maternal lethality. The latter one has noticeably been decreasing over the recent years (from 1.79% in 1956-1965 to 0.29% in 1966-1980 and to 0.21% in 1981-1989, which is not so much related to the perfection of the treatment methods as to the diminution of the share of virus B hepatitis. Virus E hepatitis may be of the greatest mortal danger for mothers in conditions of water epidemic. In that case the lethality among pregnant women may reach 12.1% (in the Turkmenian SSR) and 15.6% (in the Kirghiz SSR). The aggravating influences of virus C and D hepatitides on the pregnancy outcomes and maternal lethality have not been studied much. Estimation of etiological factors in viral hepatitis occurring in the pregnant is an important prerequisite for organization of the rational preventive and treatment measures.

Female↗
PubMed1990

[Perinatal infection with hepatitis B virus and the problem of its specific prevention].

The incidence of HBs- and HBe-antigens detection in future mothers was studied in Moscow, Uzbekistan, and Moldavia, and the incidence of hepatitis B (HB) virus transmission from mothers with persisting HBs-antigenemia to their offspring. In reverse passive hemagglutination test, HBsAg was detected in 1.1% of pregnancies in Moscow, in 6.3% of pregnancies in Uzbekistan, and in 5.4% of pregnancies in Moldavia. In these regions, immunofluorescence revealed HBe-antigen in HBsAg carriers in 5.2, 13.9, and 16.3%, respectively. Perinatal infection with HB virus was found in 26.1% of births to HBsAg carriers in Moscow and in 40% in Uzbekistan and Moldavia; in the latter two regions 16.0% and 13.3% of these births were found to become chronic carriers of HBsAg. In the presence of persistence of HBeAg in HSsAg carriers, from 89 to 100% births to these mothers showed the development of durable HBs-antigenemia, while in the presence of anti-HBe such outcome was noted in only 3%. Specific anti-HBs-immunoglobulin administered to infants born to HBsAg carriers exerted a protective effect by reducing the HB virus infection rate in the first 6 months of life, but failed to prevent completely the development of HB virus infection. The necessity of a wide-scale vaccination against HB in order to prevent HB virus infection of neonates is emphasized.

Carrier State↗
PubMed1990

[Role of delta infection in fulminant course of viral hepatitis].

Sera from 35 fulminant hepatitis patients admitted to the hospital at the USSR AMS Research Institute of Virology in 1985-1989 were studied for specific markers of NB and delta infection. Delta-infection as etiological factor of the disease proved in 26 patients (74.3%). Acute hepatitis of mixed etiology (HBV and HDV) occurred in 17, acute hepatitis delta in 9 patients carrying chronically HBsAg. Acute hepatitis B was verified in the rest 9 patients. Clinical, biochemical and serological aspects typical for the variety of etiological variants of hepatitis running a fulminant course are considered.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Reaferon treatment in acute HBsAG-positive viral hepatitis].

Clinical, biochemical and serological examinations of 412 patients with acute HBsAg-positive virus hepatitis were conducted to assess therapeutic efficacy of Soviet recombinant alpha 2-interferon (reaferon). There were 309 cases of acute virus hepatitis B, 103 of delta infection (71--coinfection, 32--superinfection). The study and control groups were assigned randomly. Reaferon i.m. administration started on jaundice day 1-5 and lasted for 10-11 days. The treatment proved effective in acute hepatitis B running a moderately severe and severe course up to the development of acute hepatic encephalopathy. In delta infection reaferon produced response in coinfection only. In fulminant hepatitis the treatment was uneffective.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Cytomegalovirus infection in clinical medicine].

The author provides the data on studies into cytomegaloviral infection for many years, the results of examinations made during prospective clinico-virological and immunological follow up of 236 women with an unfavourable obstetrical disease history and verified cytomegaloviral infection. The diagnosis, epidemiology and the spectrum of the clinico-pathogenetic patterns of the infection are under discussion. The use of the immunocorrective drugs (levamisole, T activin) for the treatment of the private patterns of cytomegaloviral infection provided beneficial results. The prospects of further study into the problem are analyzed.

Antiviral Agents↗
PubMed1989

[Interferon in the treatment of acute viral hepatitis B].

The Soviet leukocytic alpha 2-interferon obtained by gene engineering was assessed (according to the clinical and biochemical findings) for the therapeutic efficacy in acute viral hepatitis B. The drug was injected intramuscularly to patients with grave and medium-grave hepatitis during 10 days. The treatment was instituted within the first 1-5 days of jaundice. The patients with medium-grave acute viral hepatitis B manifested a beneficial therapeutic effect of alpha 2-interferon obtained by gene engineering as did the patients with the grave disease pattern before they developed the signs of liver encephalopathy.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

[Problem of mixed infections in viral hepatitis].

The author reviews virus associations on combination (1) of virus hepatitides A and B, (2) virus hepatitides A and "non-A, non-B", (3) virus hepatitides B and "non-A, non-B", (4) virus hepatitis B during superinfection with a delta-agent; (5) virus hepatitis B and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Describes clinical observations, summarizes the clinical data. Analyzes theoretical aspects (interference, cumulative and potentiating effects) as well as the clinical objectives including the problems of the diagnosis and prophylaxis of cross virus infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1984

[Possibilities of eradicating the persistent HBsAg carrier state].

Five HBsAg carriers were examined by clinical, biochemical, radionuclide, immunologic and histomorphologic methods. Different variants of structural and functional relations were established. Attempts were made to eradicate the persistent virus carrierstate with the aid of the antiviral drug virasol, the immunomodulating drug levamisole, nonspecific (BCG vaccine) and specific (original corpuscular vaccine against hepatitis B) immunostimulants. No positive therapeutic effect was obtained. The difficulties and possibilities of a further study into the title problem with due regard for integration mechanisms of infection and prospects of the effective prophylaxis of virus transmission from the mother to the child at birth are discussed.

Adult↗