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Biomedical subjects

N A Malyshev

Publications and source records attributed to N A Malyshev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[What surgeon must know about rabies and its treatment].

From 1991 to 2002 10 patients with rabies were treated, all the patients died. Epidemiology, clinical picture, specific symptoms are described, rarity of this severe disease is noted. The necessity of urgent preventive vaccination immediately after bites is emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Use of new individual protection substances in Mel'tser boxes].

Described in the paper are the results of research, experiments and designing of individual protection means for medical personnel attending the patients with extra dangerous infections under the conditions of Meltzer boxes. The authors elaborated pressure suits that can protect the medical personnel from being infected by microbe aerosols. The testing of the mentioned protection suits in infection hospitals of Moscow, Elista, Rostov-on-Don and of other cities was positively assessed.

Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral↗
PubMed2004

[The isolation of patients with highly contagious diseases].

The paper deals with the issue of how to prevent the spread (in the environment) of pathogens of extra dangerous infections, whose source could be a patients (not isolated in Meltzer box) with a highly contagious disease. Autonomous filtering stretchers of a special design are suggested for the transportation of patients; the design is sufficient to protect the habitat and medical personnel against being contaminated with related microbes and does not affect the physiological-and-hygienic indices of an isolated patient.

Communicable Disease Control↗
PubMed2004

[Present-day Clinical characteristics of scarlatina].

AIM: To study present-day clinical manifestations of scarlatina. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors have reviewed 138 case histories of children with scarlatina treated outpatiently and 51 case histories of hospitalized scarlatina children as well as social and age characteristics of 1657 children and 108 adults hospitalized in the infectious hospital N 1 in 1962-2001. Official data on scarlatina morbidity in Moscow and Russia for 1991-2001 are presented. Antibiotic sensitivity of 414 cultures of group A streptococci (GAS) isolated in 1987-1995 and 1996-2001 was investigated. RESULTS: Overall and seasonal scarlatina morbidities in 7-14-year-olds appeared to rise significantly. In the majority of cases scarlatina took a mild course but in the adults clinical picture of the disease was rather severe. GAS demonstrated high sensitivity (about 100%) to betalactamic antibiotics. The percentage of erythromycin-resistant streptococcal cultures increased more than 9-fold and reached 1.9% (1996-2001). There is a marked trend to a proportional increase of GAS cultures resistant to tetracycline and gentamycin. CONCLUSION: Recently, changes have occurred in scarlatina epidemiological and clinical features. Different sensitivity of GAS to antibiotics must be taken into consideration for prescription of etiotropic treatment and prevention of scarlatina at jobs.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Migrating subcutaneous myasis with systemic manifestations caused by gadfly larvae].

The paper describes a case of cutaneous myiasis caused by the larvae of Hypoderma bovis. Its prolonged recurrent course over 4 months was observed. It appeared as migrating mass lesions, toxicoallergic reactions, and syncope. The paper is the first to show it possible to perform chemotherapy of myiasis with the antibiotic ivermectin in combination with aversectin ointment.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Acute fatty gestational hepatosis in infectious and obstetrical clinic].

Moscow infection hospital N 1 admitted in 1970-2000 fifty seven pregnant women with acute fatty gestational hepatosis (AFGH). 10 women died. AFGH is a severe complication of pregnancy. It occurs rather rarely, has clinical variants, can be mistaken for infectious diseases, primarily for viral hepatitides. When AFGH diagnosis is verified, the patient must immediately deliver otherwise the prognosis is poor.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Prospects for interferon therapy in chronic hepatitis C with normal transaminase levels].

AIM: To study effectiveness of recombinant interferon-alpha (Ifna) in patients with chronic hepatitis C with normal transaminases. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 26 patients with positive tests for abHCV and RNA HCV with a normal level of alaninaminotransferase (AlAT) entered the study. 16 patients of the test group received recombinant Ifna three times a week in a dose 3 mln IU. Mean duration of interferon therapy was 7.44 +/- 4.27 months. Control group consisted of 10 patients with natural course of the disease. Biochemical, virusological and morphological examinations were conducted in all the patients. The patients were followed up for 1.5-2 years, on the average. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant Ifna was well tolerated. A persistent positive virusological response after the treatment was achieved in 25% of the test patients. They exhibited improvement of histological structure of the liver. In control group the dynamics was opposite. CONCLUSION: In patients with chronic hepatitis C with normal transaminases level interferon therapy improves structure of hepatic tissue. Puncture biopsy of the liver is the main method which determines the validity of the treatment and its efficacy.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1996

[Clinical effectiveness of aprotinin aerosol in influenza and parainfluenza].

Aprotinin aerosol has been previously shown to have protective effects in experimental influenza- and parainfluenza-induced bronchopneumonias in animals. This paper presents the results of controlled clinical studies to evaluate the therapeutical efficiency of aprotinin aerosol in natural influenza and parainfluenza infections in human beings. A total of 52 patients were followed up. They received either soda (placebo) or aprotinin inhalations thrice a day for 4-5 days. The following mean duration (in days) of symptoms was found in the control (placebo-treated) and aprotinin-treated patients. These were: 2.5 versus 1.8 for fever, 2.0 versus 1.5 for headache, 2.9 versus 1.8 for weakness, 3.9 and 2.8 for common cold, 3.1 versus 1.6 for sore throat, 4.9 versus 2.8 for pharyngeal hyperemia, 4.9 versus 4.0 for cough, and 3.5 versus 1.3 for hoarse voice (p < 0.05). Inhaled aprotinin was well tolerated by the patients and caused no topical irritating effects and allergic reactions. The findings demonstrate the noticeable clinical efficacy of aprotinin aerosol in human influenza and parainfluenza.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The pathogenetic therapy of acute respiratory diseases by aprotinin inhalations].

Inhalations of natural protease inhibitor aprotinin in the form of finely divided aerosol against acute respiratory infections caused by influenza virus, parainfluenza viruses, adenoviruses, and mixed infections produced subjective effect as early as the treatment day 1. Objectively, aprotinin therapy was associated with a 1.5-2-fold reduction in the duration of systemic and respiratory symptoms compared to placebo. As a rule, the inhalations were well tolerated and caused neither local irritation nor allergy. No hepatic, hematopoietic toxicity has been documented. Aprotinin inhalations are thought promising against influenza and acute respiratory infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Use of personal protective equipment by pathologists and legal physicians working with particularly dangerous infectious diseases].

The possibility of pneumosuit use constructed in the Institute to protect the pathology department staff at the hospitals for infectious diseases from HIV virus was studied. The suit is a hose-type suit for protection of respiratory organs and skin using the ventilated underhood space and autonomic air supply. Both the detailed description of this suit and its disinfection scheme developed and tested by authors are presented. The comparative physio-hygienic assessment of pneumosuit and standard antiplaque suit demonstrated a number of advantages of the former during 2 hours work at pathology department. The authors recommend the pneumosuit as an equipment for the protection of skin and respiratory organs of pathologists and legal physicians working with particularly dangerous infections.

Forensic Medicine↗