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Biomedical subjects

N Abe

Publications and source records attributed to N Abe.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Antitumor and interferon-inducing activities of TH69, a whole bacterial preparation of Streptococcus faecalis, in mice.

The antitumor effect of TH69, a lyophilized whole cell preparation of Streptococcus faecalis, was examined in mice using four experimental tumors: Ehrlich carcinoma and sarcoma-180 in DDI mice, MCA tumor in syngeneic C3H mice and Meth-A tumor in syngeneic BALB/c mice. Consecutive intraperitoneal injections of TH69 started one day after the tumor implantation markedly inhibited the growth of the two allogeneic ascites tumors and two syngeneic solid tumors. However, even with the most sensitive Ehrlich ascites tumor, TH69 was ineffective when the tumor cell inoculum was more than 2 X 10(6) cells per mouse. Neither oral nor subcutaneous administrations of TH69 produced significant antitumor effects. After a single intraperitoneal administration of TH69 (300 mg/kg) to mice, interferon was induced in the serum with a titer of 220 U/ml at 14 hr after administration. As TH69 has no direct cytotoxic activity against Ehrlich tumor cells, the antitumor effect of TH69 in mice must be ascribed to some immunopotentiating activity including interferon induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[General pharmacology of T-1982, a new cephamycin antibiotic].

General pharmacological studies on T-1982 produced the following results. On central nervous system, subcutaneous injection of T-1982 at dose of 2,000 mg/kg hastened the onset of pentetrazole-induced tonic extensor in mice. T-1982 had no effect on spontaneous motor activity, pentobarbital hypnosis, body temperature or EEG in mice or rabbits, and also did not show motor incoordinate, anticonvulsive or analgesic activity in mice at intravenous doses of 250--1,000 mg/kg or subcutaneous doses of 500--2,000 mg/kg. On motor and sensory nervous systems, no effect of T-1982 was noted on spinal reflex, neuromuscular junction, conduction anesthesia or surface anesthesia in rats or rabbits. On respiratory, cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems, T-1982 caused transient increase of respiratory rate, slight hypotension and transient increase of femoral blood flow in dogs at intravenous doses of 250--1,000 mg/kg. However, it caused a slight hypertensive tendency in rabbits. Heart rate and ECG in dogs or rabbits, blood pressure response to epinephrine, isoproterenol, acetylcholine or histamine in dogs, nictitating membrane in cats and pupil size in mice were not affected after intravenous injection of T-1982. No effect was found on isolated guinea pig atrium or rabbit descending aorta following T-1982 application. On renal function in rats, T-1982 caused an increase of PSP excretion but had no effect on urine volume or electrolytes excretion at intravenous doses of 250--1,000 mg/kg. T-1982 prolonged bleeding time in mice at intravenous doses of 500--1,000 mg/kg, but did not show hemolytic property and inhibitory activity on blood coagulation or platelet aggregation in vitro experiments. Spontaneous movement and tone of isolated stomach, ileum, colon, uterus, vas deferens or trachea and acetylcholine-, histamine-, nicotine- or barium chloride-induced contraction of ileum were not affected following T-1982 application. Intestinal propulsion of barium meal in mice, gastric secretion and carrageenin-induced edema in rats were not affected after intravenous injection of T-1982. T-1982 increased bile secretion in rats dose-dependently at intravenous doses of 31.3--125 mg/kg. The local irritative activity of T-1982 in rats was slightly milder than cefoxitin and moderately milder than cefmetazole after intradermal injection. In conclusion, these results suggest that T-1982 would not cause any adverse effects at its estimated clinical doses of 10--20 mg/kg (500--1,000 mg/man).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Application of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system for clinical diagnosis.

Currently, one of the major clinical problems is diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders in neonates which are caused by a defect of specific enzymes. In order to diagnose such diseases at an earlier stage, we have developed a new mass screening method, consisting of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer system with a newly developed 'Diagnosis Computer Program'. In this program, the chromatographic pattern of the urine of a patient with an inherited metabolic disorder is compared with that of a normal person. Internal standards are applied to simplify the comparison. The total ion current chromatogram is drawn with the relative retention times plotted on the horizontal axis and the relative intensities on the vertical axis. Diseases are diagnosed by characteristics and quantity of abnormal compounds in the urine. Reference to the stored mass spectra of abnormal compounds by a library search enables the diagnosis to be more precise. Using this program, twenty-six inherited metabolic disorders are routinely diagnosed. The diagnosis of tyrosinosis is used here as an example.

Alkaptonuria↗
PubMed1981

Cyclic AMP concentrations in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and urine in patients with acute cerebral hemispheric infarction.

Plasmas, cerebrospinal fluid and urine were sampled from 22 patients with cerebral hemispheric infarction and analyzed for cyclic AMP. The following observations were made: (1) In mild cases with slight dysarthria and/or hemiparesis but without disturbance of consciousness (Group I), cyclic AMP in peripheral venous plasma (PVP) remained over the normal lowest level more than 10 days after the onset. Patients with apparent neurological deficits could be divided into two groups. In one group, cyclic AMP in PVP decreased to a subnormal level within about 5 days after the onset of stroke (Group II). In another group (Group III), such a decrease was not observed. Brain isotope scintigrams were revealed negative in Group I. The size of brain infarct as judged by isotope uptake was larger in Group III than in Group II, except for a few cases in which the lesion was restricted in the basal ganglionic region. (2) No clinical significance was, however, found in the time course of cyclic AMP levels in internal jugular venous or femoral arterial plasma, or in cerebrospinal fluid, or of the daily amount of cyclic AMP excretion into urine. (3) Cerebral arterio-venous difference of cyclic AMP was negative in most of the cases.

3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases↗
PubMed1980

[Clinical analysis of the pain pathways of labor (author's transl)].

Segmental epidural blocks by double catheters which were inserted in the thoracolumbar (Th12-L1) and lower lumbar region (L4-L5) were performed in eleven primiparas to investigate the correct pain pathways of labor and the sensory innervation of uterus. It is generally believed in Japan that the sensory nerves of the cervix of uterus enter the cord through the sacral segments (s2,3,4) and the uterine body through the thoracic segments (Th11, Th12). 5 ml dose of 0.5% bupivacaine (Marcaine) was used to the upper catheter (Th12-L1) during the first stage of labor. Segmental spread of analgesia was on average Th9.4-L1,6 and the duration was 1 hr 57 min +/- 34 min. Seven cases (64%) had no pain up to the full dilatation of cervix and four cases (36%) complained of the pain in the pudendal nerve region (S2,3,4) at the 8 cm dilatation of cervix due to the lower engagement of the fetal head. These findings suggest that not only the pain impulses during the first stage of labor which are resulted from the uterine contraction and the dilatation of the cervix enter the cord through Th10.Th11.Th12.L1 segments and no relation to sacral nerves.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[General pharmacology of cefoperazone, a new cephalosporin antibiotic (author's transl)].

General pharmacological properties of cefoperazone (CPZ) were studied in various experimental animals. CPZ showed the following effects with intravenous injection to experimental animals. On the central nervous system, CPZ caused vomiting in dogs at 500 mg/kg, pyrexia and slow waves in electroencephalogram in rabbits at 1,000 mg/kg. On the motor and sensory nervous systems, CPZ enhanced slightly the twitch tension of musculus gastrocnemius induced by electrical stimulation in rats at 500 mg/kg. On the respiratory, cardiovascular and autonomic nervous systems, CPZ increased transiently the respiratory rate and potentiated the depressor response to Ach at 125 mg/kg, increased femoral blood flow, potentiated the pressor response to Adr in dogs and decreased the contraction of nictitating membrane induced by electrical stimulation in cats at 500 mg/kg, and then raised the systolic blood pressure in rabbits at 1,000 mg/kg. On the blood, CPZ decreased ChE activity in rabbit plasma at 250 mg/kg, prolonged bleeding time in mice at 500 mg/kg and prothrombin time in rabbits at 1,000 mg/kg. On the smooth muscle organs, CPZ enhanced slightly gastric motility in rabbits and ileal motility in guinea pigs at 62.5 and 125 mg/kg respectively, and promoted gastrointestinal propulsion of BaSO4 meal in mice at 1,000 mg/kg. On the urinary organ, CPZ increased urine volume and electrolytes excretion in dogs at 500 mg/kg. Subcutaneous injection of CPZ scarcely showed any significant effect in experimental animals under the dose of 2,000 mg/kg. In the in vitro experiments, CPZ enhanced slightly the motility of isolated rabbit gastrointestinal tract at 10(-3) g/ml. Assuming the single clinical dose of CPZ should be 10 approximately 40 mg/kg, it is concluded that the occurrence of pharmacological effects observed in experimental animals seems to be very rare clinically.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Purification and some properties of rabbit C1r.

C1r, an activated subcomponent of the first component of the complement system, was highly purified from rabbit serum by affinity chromatography on IgG-Sepharose 6B followed by column chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50. The C1r thus purified had a molecular weight of 105,000, consisting of two polypeptide chains connected by disulfide bonds; the molecular weights of the chains were 60,000 and 45,000. The C1r was found to reconstitute C1 complex when it reacted with rabbit C1q and C1s in the presence of Ca2+, since C1s was able to bind to C1q bound on sensitized sheep erythrocytes only in the presence of C1r. On the other hand, and active C1s fragment derived by hydrolysis of the H chain without any loss of C1s activity [J. Biochem. 80, 1423--1427 (1976)] could not bind to C1q even in the presence of C1r. This result indicates that a part of the H chain of C1s not contributing to the structural integrity of an active site may be involved in the binding of C1s to C1r.

Animals↗