Biomedical subjects

N Anders

Publications and source records attributed to N Anders.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Modification of the no-stitch technique in extracapsular cataract extraction by a single radial suture. Effect on postoperative astigmatism].

Self-sealing intrascleral wound construction with a trapezoidal 12-mm incision for extracapsular cataract extraction and implantation of a standard PMMA IOL with a 6.5-mm optical diameter using the no-stitch technique has been well established at our clinic since 1991. This technique allows cataract surgery in a nearly closed system. In consideration of our earlier results, the no-stitch technique was modified by a single perpendicular suture in the middle of the 12-mm incision to reduce postoperative induced astigmatism further. We examined 200 consecutive patients 6 months after surgery (no-stitch vs one-stitch wound closure). The preoperative average astigmatism was 0.86 +/- 0.68 D (1.01 +/- 0.95 D). Preoperatively 37% (47%) of the eyes had With the Rule Astigmatism and 47% (39%) Against the Rule Astigmatism. Six months after surgery 10% (8%) of the cases showed With the Rule Astigmatism and 72% (65%) Against the Rule Astigmatism. Induced astigmatism was stabilized to 1.43 +/- 0.87 D (2.11 +/- 1.43 D). Compared with sutureless wound closure, the one-stitch technique had no long-term effect on the axes of astigmatism but significantly diminished induced astigmatism about 0.5 D.

Astigmatism↗

PubMed1995

[Etiology of insufficient wound sealing in cataract operation with the no-stitch technique].

BACKGROUND: The no-stitch technique has become a standard procedure in cataract surgery in a short time. Nevertheless, it could be necessary--especially when learning this technique--to use a suture to close the wound. PATIENTS: In this study we examined 24 patients who needed a suture from April 1991 to July 1993. By using a gonioscope we tried to find the reason for the insufficient self-sealing effect. During this period there were 7,966 cataract operations using the no-stitch tunnel technique, including about 618 eyes with a self-sealing ECCE technique. RESULTS: In 13 eyes iris prolapse was found, in 9 eyes low IOP and in 2 eyes exceptionally astigmatism. In 11 eyes the reasons for these complications were that the inner corneal lamella was too small, in 9 eyes this lamella was cut, and in 2 eyes there was a step between this lamella and the inner surface of the cornea. The reason for the high astigmatism in 2 cases was not found in the corneal lamella, but in the scleral one which had shown a defect. The incidence of insufficient wound closure was 0.81% in ECCE (n = 618) and 0.26% in phacoemulsification surgery (n = 7348). CONCLUSION: The most common reason for insufficient wound closure in the no-stitch technique is malpreparation of the corneal lamella.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Ciliolenticular block as a late complication in pseudophakia].

UNLABELLED: A ciliolenticular block is characterized by a rise in IOP and a shallow anterior chamber. This problem is known as a complication after fistulating surgery and has well called malignant glaucoma. It can also occur after cataract surgery with implantation of a posterior chamber lens. When a ciliolenticular block occurs, it is extremely important to avoid any therapeutic delay and to manage it correctly. Otherwise there would be a risk of irreversible damage of the iridocorneal angle and the optic nerve. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During the last 12 years we performed 32,000 cataract operations. Ciliolenticular block occurred in eight patients. Six patients were operated on in our hospital. The predisposing factors, clinical course, and therapeutic consequences were analyzed. RESULTS: Ciliolenticular block occurred only in women, 66-90 years of age. All but one patient had chronic glaucoma with a narrow iridocorneal angle before they underwent cataract surgery. Three patients had had fistulating surgery before. The axial length of the globe was equal to or less than 22.5 mm. Three patients had a marked rise in IOP (up to 40 to 50 mmHg) and an extremely shallow anterior chamber on admission. The remaining patients had a moderate rise in IOP (up to 40 to 50 mmHg) and an extremely shallow anterior chamber on admission. The remaining patients had a moderate rise in IOP (up to 30 mmHg) and a shallow anterior chamber. The interval between cataract surgery and the occurrence of ciliolenticular block was between 4 weeks and 11 months. Nd:YAG laser iridotomy with photodisruption of the peripheral and central posterior capsule was successful in one case only. The remaining patients had to undergo pars-plana vitrectomy to achieve long-term control of anterior chamber pathology and IOP. CONCLUSION: The early stage of ciliolenticular block has to be recognized and managed immediately to prevent a dramatic progression of this complication with an excessive rise in IOP and a completely shallow anterior chamber. In addition to the well-known conservative therapy, Nd:YAG-laser iridotomy with photodisruption of the capsule can be performed initially. In most cases only vitrectomy can achieve normal aqueous circulation.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

[Eye injuries caused by Gotcha games].

BACKGROUND Gotcha has become a new leisure-time activity among young people. The high speed dye bullets are threatening the eyes unless using safety goggles. PATIENTS In the last 1 1/2 years there were three young patients treated in our clinic because of serious eye injuries. They were under 18 years old and they had borrowed the weapons from adults. None had used safety goggles. We were able to show the suitability of goggles by own experiments. CONCLUSIONS Therefore we demand, that Gotcha playing must be allowed only to adults who are wearing safety goggles.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

[Ocular pseudopemphigoid after topical drug administration].

BACKGROUND Since it's first description in 1974 by Kristensen and Norn numerous substances have been reported as potential causes for drug-induced pseudopemphigoid. The signs and symptoms are as severe as with ocular cicatricial pemphigoid. It seems to be most important for the visual outcome for how long the inducing drug was applied and how soon it has been stopped after the first signs. PATIENTS Six female patients were investigated. All six patients presented the clinical picture of a cicatricial pemphigoid but this was not confirmed by immunostaining. The average age of these patients was 72.5 +/- 8.1 years. In 5 of these patients topical antiglaucomatous drugs are thought to be the inducing factor. The average interval from the start of medication until the appearance of the first symptoms was 14.8 +/- 5.3 years. CONCLUSIONS. The drug-induced ocular pseudopemphigoid is a serious but rare consequence of long-term topical medication. This potential risk should be carefully balanced against the benefit of long-term topical therapy.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMed1993

[Tarsal flap technique. A technically simple procedure for correction of lower lid flaccidity, senile ectropion and ptosis of the lateral canthus].

Lower lid flaccidity, senile extropion and canthal malposition are the principal indications for the tarsal flap technique. This is a technically simple procedure avoiding sutures on the border of the lashes and avoiding the disadvantages of the technique of Kuhnt - Szymanowski, which cause a shortening of palpebral length due to tarsal resection.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Christmas tree ornament cataract--an indication for disordered lipid metabolism?].

Cataract combined with Christmas tree decoration crystals in the lens is a relatively rare but very impressing cataract formation. The aim of this controlled study was to give an answer to the question, whether cholesterol level in blood is as important for local cholesterol accumulation in the lens as it is for the mechanism of arteriosclerosis. The blood levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL and LDL were examined in 35 patients (average age 83.5 years; 26 women, 9 men). There was no significant difference between these parameters and those of a control group, which is similar in age and sex proportion. Therefore it is presumed, that these crystals of cholesterol are a result of lens metabolism and not of hypercholesterolemia.

Aged↗

PubMed1992

[Biometric data of eyes after the onset of acute glaucoma].

Biometric measurements were performed in 67 patients after acute glaucoma and in 67 patients of a matched control group. For patients with acute glaucoma the subjective refraction was +0.91 +/- 2.82 dpt, ocular axial length was 21.73 +/- 0.96 mm, lens thickness was 4.95 +/- 0.63 mm and the ratio lens thickness to ocular axial length amounted to 2.27 +/- 0.29. There was a statistically significant difference between the glaucoma and the control group concerning the parameters subjective refraction, ocular axial length, lens thickness and the lens thickness to axial length ratio. A statistically significant positive correlation was found between corneal radius and axial length, both, in the control and the glaucoma group, a significant negative correlation between axial length and subjective refraction only in the control group. In contrast to other authors, who reported on patients with narrow angle glaucoma with and without acute attack; we found no significant difference. These results support the suggestion that biometric data do not allow a prediction whether a patient with narrow anterior chamber angle will suffer glaucoma attack or not. The etiology of this disease seems to have a multifactorial origin.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1988

Vanadium K-edge absorption spectrum of bromoperoxidase from Ascophyllum nodosum.

With synchrotron radiation from the Bonn 2.5 GeV synchrotron, high-resolution absorption spectra have been measured at the vanadium K-edge of bromoperoxidase from the marine brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum and several model compounds. The near-edge structure (XANES) of these spectra was used to determine the charge state and the coordination geometry around the vanadium atom. For the active enzyme a coordination charge of 2.7 was found which is compatible with a formal valence of +5, assuming coordination by atoms with a high electronegativity such as oxygen or nitrogen. For the reduced enzyme the coordination charge value of 2.15 indicates the reduction of the valency by 1 unit. Our results suggest that the coordination sphere of the vanadium atom in the native enzyme consists of at least seven oxygen atoms in a distorted octahedral environment with an average bond length of about 2 A. Through the reduction process, the coordination sphere of the vanadium atom changes with a simultaneous decrease of the coordination cage. These results agree with those deduced from previous EPR and 51V-NMR measurements.

Eukaryota↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Inadvertent use of chlorhexidine instead of balanced salt solution for intraocular irrigation.

In three consecutive cataract operations, chlorhexidine was inadvertently used as an intraocular irrigating solution as a result of inattentiveness of an assistant. In two of the three patients, corneal endothelium damage was so severe that penetrating keratoplasty had to be performed. Further effects included pronounced iris atrophy, anterior chamber applanation, and a retrocorneal membrane. In one case, an increase in intraocular pressure developed. No effects were observed in the retina or optic nerve. Inadvertently using chlorhexidine for intraocular irrigation has far-reaching consequences for the affected eye and is recognizable by streak formation in the anterior chamber when intraocular infusion is initiated. To avoid such mistakes, the markings of the two bottles should be of different colors.

Aged↗