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Biomedical subjects

N Ando

Publications and source records attributed to N Ando.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Analysis of surgical treatment for carcinoma situated in the cervical esophagus.

Between 1960 and 1982, 64 operations were performed for carcinoma of the cervical esophagus including the cervicothoracic segment. Of these 64 patients, 12 underwent cervical esophagectomy and 52 had total esophagectomy. Visceral replacements were employed in 61 patients by the skin flap (3 cases), the intestine pedicle graft (10 cases), and the stomach tube (48 cases). The operative mortality rate associated with cervical esophagectomy was 33.3% and that with total esophagectomy was 5.8%. The 5-year survival rate for patients who had cervical esophagectomy was 16.7% and that for patients with total esophagectomy was 30.0%. A direct comparison of the surgical results of cervical and total esophagectomy should not be discussed at the same level, because the cervical esophagectomy operations were performed before 1967. However, the discussion of histologic examinations for removed lymph nodes and resected esophagus will be of value. Analysis of these histologic findings was performed aggressively and we obtained the following results. Total esophagectomy completely removes the intramural invasive cancer cells in the anal stump of resected esophagus, and then dissection of the intrathoracic, including cervical, lymph nodes is possible. In addition to these merits, stomach replacement for esophageal reconstruction has the advantage of the only anastomosis (pharyngogastrostomy) as compared with the other visceral replacements. For these reasons it may be recommended that total esophagectomy with stomach replacement is adequate for the treatment of the advanced carcinoma situated in the cervical esophagus.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Quantitative and qualitative analysis on the lymph node metastasis of carcinoma of the esophagus].

The results of quantitative and qualitative analysis of lymph nodes dissected during resection of the esophageal carcinoma are as follows. The rate of positive lymph nodes per number of cases was 51.3% (120/234 patients). The rate of positive lymph nodes per number of nodes examined was 15.9% (406/2548 nodes). The correlation between the n-number and the average number of positive lymph nodes for a patient is shown. In the cases in which tumors disappeared from the adventitia of the esophagus by pre-operative radiation, the rate of positive lymph nodes per number of cases and of nodes examined were less than other cases. The metastases in the distant lymph nodes were much less. In the cases in which tumors reached the surgical margin on the adventitia side of the esophagus, the rate of positive lymph nodes per number of cases and of nodes examined were more than others. The metastases in the distant lymph nodes were much more. The pre-operative radiation had no influence on the spreading of the lymph node metastasis. The n-number, the number of positive lymph nodes and of dissected nodes, and the rate of them for each patient had great influence on long-term results.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Lymph node involvement in carcinoma of the esophagus--re-evaluation for the grouping of lymph nodes].

Based on the analysis of the lymph nodes dissected during resection of 234 esophageal carcinomas and the long-term results of the patient, lymph nodes of the esophagus were grouped into 3 categories, n1, n2 and n3. The lymph nodes of n1 group were frequently involved in metastases and the long-term results of the patients with these lymph nodes metastases were excellent. The n2 lymph nodes were frequently involved in metastases but the survival rates of the patients were low. The n3 lymph nodes were rarely involved and the prognoses of the patients were poor. In comparison with the classification of lymph nodes for surgical dissection as described by the Japanese Society for Esophageal Disease, some problems in this category are discussed. However, this category was revealed to have close relation to the long-term results of the patients with carcinoma of the esophagus and was considered to be of clinical use.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Studies on pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water changes in patients with esophageal cancer].

Pre- and postoperative extravascular lung water (EVLW) changes in a series of twenty patients with esophageal cancer were studied using thermal-dye double-indicator dilution method. Preoperative EVLW was 8.2 +/- 2.3 ml/kg (M +/- SD), being greater as compared to the normal range of EVLW. The pattern of postoperative EVLW changes varied between patients and changes could not be predicted by the conventional examinations including chest X-ray, determination of pulmonary hemodynamics and blood gas analysis. Analysing the relationship between the changes in COP-PWP gradient and EVLW, COP-PWP gradient decreased on the first postoperative day regardless of the EVLW changes. With regard to the changes for the 2nd to the 3rd day or for the 3rd to the 4th day, however, the patients with elevating EVLW showed falling COP-PWP gradient, whereas the patients having decreasing EVLW had an increase in COP-PWP gradient. Especially, the patients in which EVLW had increased during the 3rd to the 4th day showed a remarkable rise of PWP possibly due to depressed left ventricular function. It is considered that the EVLW increase on the first postoperative day is attributable to an alteration of the permeability characteristics of alveolar capillary but that the increase in the 3rd to 4th day is simply due to an elevated hydrostatic pressure. This suggests that there are two different kinds of mechanism involving in the production of wet lung following esophageal cancer surgery.

Body Water↗
PubMed1982

Ga-67 scan in patients with intrathoracic esophageal carcinoma planned for surgery.

The authors evaluated Ga-67 scan in 68 patients with intrathoracic esophageal carcinoma initially planned for surgery. Of these, 59 patients were staged pathologically or surgically; their Ga-67 scan results correctly predicted the presence of extraesophageal spread and lymph node metastases. Of 38 clinical Stage II patients, 15 (39%) could be Stage III by the results of Ga-67 scan. However, two of four clinical Stage I patients (50%) and 35 of 38 clinical Stage II patients (92%) were eventually pathologic or surgical Stage III. This high conversion rate and the high incidence of Stage III in esophageal carcinoma patients may not justify routine use of Ga-67 scan only for staging. Ga-67 scan, however, was useful for planning radiotherapy, because missing extraesophageal extension or gross metastases from the radiation fields were detected in six patients of 51 so treated. Ga-67 scan has its value in some patients with intrathoracic esophageal carcinoma.

Esophageal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Fungal flora of the conjunctival sac.

We studied the fungal flora of the conjunctival sac in 919 eyes and air-borne fungi between November 1979 and February 1980. Fungi were cultured from 39 of 587 swabs (6.6%) from healthy conjunctivas. This incidence fluctuated with the number of air-borne fungi. The incidence of positive cultures was significantly higher in diseased eyes (32 of 184 eyes; P less than .005). Under ordinary conditions, it may be difficult for a fungus to remain or proliferate in the conjunctival sac. Most (97 of 103) positive cultures yielded only one colony and the same fungus was seldom cultured more than once from the same eye. We found 49 strains of yeast among the 107 isolated conjunctival fungi, including 15 Mycelia sterilia, 12 Cladosporium, and several Aspergillus, Fusarium, and Rhizoctonia species. THe air-borne fungi were mainly the filamentous types, especially Cladosporium and Alternaria.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

On the minor gangliosides of erythrocyte membranes of Japanese cats.

Seven ganglioside species were isolated and purified from erythrocyte membranes of Japanese cats by DEAE-Sephadex and Iatrobeads column chromatographies. The structures of these gangliosides were determined as Gmi(NeuGc), Gm3(NeuAc), GM3(NeuGc), GD3(NeuGc), GD3(NeuGc comes from NeuAc), GT3(NeuGc), and another GM3 containing a sialic acid of unidentified nature. The occurrence of GT3 suggested the probable presence of a biosynthetic pathway of GM3 leads to GD3 leads to GT3 in erythropoietic cells of Japanese cats. The presence of GD3 having one penultimate N-glycolylneuraminic acid and one terminal N-acetylneuraminic acid, GD3(NeuGc comes from NeuAc) would indicate that this GD3 acts as an intermediate in a possible pathway from GM3(NeuGc) to GD3(NeuGc). Thin layer chromatographic patterns of total erythrocyte membrane gangliosides were compared among Japanese cats (n = 3), lions (n = 3), a serval and a racoon dog. The three species of felid showed similar patterns to each other and contained N-glycolylneuraminic acid as the major sialic acid. On the other hand, erythrocytes of racoon dog, a member of canidae, contained neither GD3 nor GT3, but only GM3.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Effect of pyrimidines, purines and their nucleosides on antitumor activity of 5-fluorouracil against L-1210 leukemia.

The chemotherapeutic action of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) monotherapy on L-1210 leukemia in mice was compared with combinations of pyrimidines (uracil, uridine, deoxyuridine, cytosine, cytidine, deoxycytidine, thymine and thymidine) or purines (adenine, adenosine, deoxyadenosine, guanine, guanosine, deoxyguanosine and inosine) with 5-FU. The antitumor activity of 5-FU was enhanced by coadministration of uracil, thymine or guanosine, but the toxicity of the first two compounds was also enhanced. Only when 5-FU was administered with guanosine, was not only the antitumor activity but also the therapeutic ratio potentiated without increasing its toxicity. A time interval between the administration of 5-FU and guanosine diminished the survival effect. Therefore, the 5-FU-guanosine combination produced its optimal chemotherapeutic effect by simultaneous injection. The potentiation of antitumor effect of 5-FU by guanosine was prevented completely by cytidine or uridine, and partially by deoxyuridine, adenosine or deoxyadenosine.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Phase II study on peplomycin for esophageal cancer].

For the purpose of verifying the effectiveness of peplomycin, one of the derivatives of bleomycin, against carcinoma of the esophagus and the safety of it, the analysis of the data for total 113 cases collected from 25 institutions in Japan was made. The results are as follows. It was effective in 19 out of 74 evaluable cases of carcinoma of the esophagus (25.7%). In case of treatment with peplomycin alone, it was effective in 6 out of 39 cases (15.4%). In case of the combination treatment with peplomycin and some other therapy, it was effective in 13 out of 35 cases (37.1%). As for the side effects, the incidence of fever was the highest in both the cases of peplomycin alone and the combination treatment such as 39.6% and 37.0%, respectively. Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, respiratory symptoms and tiredness were found in relatively many cases. In the clinical laboratory tests, the vital capacity after the treatment tended to be lower than that before the treatment, but there was little change in the hematological tests, pulmonary function test and renal function test.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Nucleotide sequences of two aspartic acid tRNAs from rat liver and rat ascites hepatoma.

The nucleotide sequences of the major tRNAAsp from rat liver and a minor tRNAAsp present specifically in rat ascites hepatoma were determined by combined use of several postlabeling procedures. The sequence of rat liver tRNAAsp was determined to be pU-C-C-U-C-G-U-U-A-G-U-A-phi-A-G-U-G-G-D-G-A-G-U-A-U-C-C-C-C-G-C-U-C-manQ-U-C-A -m5C-G-C-G-G-G-A-G-A-m5C-m5C-G-G-G-G-T-phi-C-G-A-U-U-C-C-C-C-G-A-C-G-G-G-G-A-G- C-C-AOH. The nucleotide sequence of rat ascites hepatoma TRNAAsp was found to be the same as that of rat liver tRNAAsp, except that mannose-attached queuosine (manQ) present in the wobbling position of rat liver tRNAAsp was replaced by normal guanosine in rat ascites hepatoma tRNAAsp. The other modified nucleosides in the two tRNAAsp species were the same. Thus it was concluded that the new isoacceptor species of tRNAAsp that appears in the tumor tissue is due to hypomodification with respect to Q in the posttranscriptional process. The most notable feature on the sequence of the mammalian tRNAAsp is that cytidine is present in the position next to the 5'-end of the anticodon, because the only known tRNAs having cytidine in this position are cytoplasmic initiator tRNAs from multicellular eukaryotic organisms.

Animals↗