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N Andoh

Publications and source records attributed to N Andoh.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Colocalization of corticotropin-releasing factor and vasopressin in the paraventricular nucleus of the human hypothalamus.

The anatomical relationship between corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-containing cells and arginine vasopressin (AVP)-containing cells in the human hypothalamus was investigated by immunocytochemistry. In the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH), CRF-like immunoreactivity (CRF-LI) was present exclusively in parvocellular cells, while AVP-like immunoreactivity (AVP-LI) was present in both parvocellular and magnocellular cells. No CRF-immunoreactive neurons were observed in the supraoptic nucleus. All CRF-immunoreactive parvocellular cells in the PVH were also AVP immunoreactive. We confirmed the presence of AVP in the CRF-immunoreactive cells by using two kinds of anti-AVP antisera, one of which recognized the side chain of AVP while the other recognized the ring structure of AVP. Colocalization of CRF-LI and AVP-LI was observed not only in the same perikarya but also in the same nerve fibers of parvocellular cells. The present results raise the possibility that AVP and CRF may be secreted together into the human portal circulation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Immunohistochemical localization of gonadotropin-associated peptide (GAP) in the human hypothalamus.

GAP was immunohistochemically localized for the first time in the human hypothalamus. GAP-immunoreactivity was present in the cytoplasm of neuronal cells in the arcuate nucleus. GAP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were also present in the primary plexus around capillaries in the infundibular region. No GAP-immunoreactive neurons were detected in the paraventricular nuclei or supraoptic nuclei.

Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus↗
PubMed1993

Effects of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol on rumen bacteria in the utilization of long-chain fatty acids and cellulose.

Addition of safflower oil to a growth medium depressed the growth of mixed rumen bacteria above 200 mg/L and did not significantly increase bacteria, even at lower concentrations. However, when 10 mg/L of beta-carotene were added to 50 to 100 mg/L of safflower oil, bacterial growth was significantly increased. When more than 200 mg/L of safflower oil were present, beta-carotene markedly restored the growth capacity. alpha-Tocopherol was more effective than beta-carotene, although it inhibited growth at high concentrations. The combination of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol (each 5 mg/L) exerted partially additive effects. beta-Carotene plus alpha-tocopherol enhanced bacterial cell yield in the presence of safflower oil, caprate, stearate, or linoleate, suggesting that beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol increase the utilization of fatty acids. beta-Carotene plus alpha-tocopherol also stimulated cellulose digestion in the presence of 100 mg/L of safflower oil, evidently through the increased growth of cellulolytic bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Differential screening of ovarian cDNA libraries detected the expression of the porcine collagenase inhibitor gene in functional corpora lutea.

cDNA libraries were constructed from porcine granulosa cells of antral follicles as well as functional corpus luteum, and clones encoding stage-specific genes have been isolated by differential screening. A clone specific to the functional stage of corpus luteum was found to encode the porcine collagenase inhibitor gene and the stage-specific expression in luteinizing tissue was confirmed by Northern blot analysis. The complete open reading frame of the porcine collagenase inhibitor was deduced from the nucleotide sequence, and the localization of the product was examined by immunohistochemical staining as well in pig ovary; the inhibitor was detected in the intercellular space of luteal cells and in the connective tissue around blood vessels in the functional corpus luteum.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Release of T-antigen, a carcinoma marker from native human cells, by endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase of Alcaligenes sp.

The endo-alpha-N-acetylgalactosaminidase from Alcaligenes sp. could release T-antigen (Ga1 beta 1----3GalNAc), a carcinoma-associated marker from asialo glycophorin and human cells. The released T-antigen from human asialo erythrocytes was determined by thin layer chromatography and gas liquid chromatography. The released T-antigen from human gastric carcinoma cell Kato III was identified by high performance liquid chromatographies with a reverse-phase column and a size fractionation column. Released T-antigen could be analyzed quantitatively by a sensitive method including pyridylamino derivatization and following high performance liquid chromatography. This suggests that the enzyme is useful for detection and determination of T-antigen from cells.

Alcaligenes↗
PubMed1989

Demonstration of neuroendocrine cells in ovarian mucinous tumors.

The frequency of argyrophil cells in mucinous cystadenocarcinomas, borderline tumors (MBT) and cystadenomas was 29.8% (14 of 47), 46.7% (7 of 15) and 11.1% (2 of 18), respectively. These were statistically higher than the frequencies in 17 clear cell carcinomas, 43 serous cystadenocarcinomas, and 24 metastatic carcinomas. Immunoreactive cells for serotonin, somatostatin, gastrin, pancreatic polypeptide, growth hormone-releasing hormone, metenkephalin, neuron-specific enolase, and chromogranin-A were detected in almost all these cases with argyrophil cells. However, immunoreactivities for glucagon, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, and adrenocorticotropic hormone were negative in ovarian mucinous tumors. Immunohistochemical multiplicity of neurohormones was remarkable in 15 MBT (including 5 müllerian and 10 intestinal MBT) and it was not related to the number of argyrophil cells per unit tumor cells. Individual hormones demonstrated here seemed to be present in different cells, but certain cells were immunoreactive for both gastrin and somatostatin by double immunostaining. Based on the high frequency of endocrine cells, borderline tumors seemed to be unique in the spectrum of mucinous ovarian tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1988

Peptide histidine methionine may be a prolactin-releasing hormone in humans.

Peptide histidine isoleucine (PHI) was initially isolated from the porcine gastrointestinal tract and may be present in the brain. It has been suggested that PHI may be PRL-releasing hormone (PRH) because of its potent PRL-releasing activity and its existence in hypophysial portal plasma in rats. Vasoactive intestinal peptide and PHI are coded by the same gene, and human PHI has a C-terminal methionine instead of isoleucine [peptide histidine methionine (PHM)]. To investigate the possibility that PHM is a physiological PRH in humans, we measured the immunoreactive PHM concentration in human hypothalamic tissue and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a specific RIA. We also examined in vivo the PRH activity of synthetic PHM. The human hypothalamus contained 19.3 +/- 6.2 (+/- SD; n = 5) pmol/hypothalamus, very similar to the content of GHRH or CRH. Immunoreactive PHM was also present in CSF; its levels in CSF were significantly lower in patients with prolactinomas than in control subjects. The CSF PHM levels in such patients increased after correction of hyperprolactinemia by long term bromocriptine therapy. The CSF PHM levels also were low in pregnant women. There was a significant negative correlation between plasma PRL and CSF PHM levels in all of these subjects. Gel filtration profiles of CSF extracts from normal subjects revealed two peaks of immunoreactive PHM: a high mol wt peak and one at the elution position of synthetic PHM. This profile resembled that of hyppothalamic extract. In contrast, only high mol wt material was detected in CSF from hyperprolactinemic subjects. Intravenous administration of synthetic PHM elicited a significant increase in plasma PRL in normal subjects; the responses to PHM were higher in women than in men. The presence of large amounts of immunoreactive PHM in the human hypothalamus suggests that PHM may participate in the regulation of anterior pituitary hormone secretion. Its specific PRL-releasing activity in vivo and the low CSF PHM levels of hyperprolactinemic subjects suggest that PHM may be a physiological PRH in humans.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Distribution of Crooke's cells and ACTH cells in the human pituitary glands.

Distribution of ACTH cells and Crooke's cells in the human pituitary glands was studied in 5 autopsy cases. ACTH cells were distributed throughout the anterior pituitary lobes, in particular densely in their anterior halves. Some ACTH cells were found in the posterior pituitary lobes in three cases. Crooke's cells were distributed limitedly in the anterior halves of anterior pituitary in two cases. In the remaining three cases, Crooke's cells were widely distributed in the anterior pituitary lobes but predominantly in their anterior halves. No Crooke's cells were found in the posterior pituitary. These findings suggest that cells in the anterior part of anterior pituitary are more likely to show Crooke's hyaline change than those in the other parts.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1988

[A case of small cell carcinoma of the esophagus].

The case of a 51-year-old man, complaining of a sense of pressure on his chest, is reported. Tests led to a diagnosis of a cancer in the midesophagus and a subtotal esophagectomy was performed. The tumor was found to be a protruded type, 8.5 X 7.0 cm in size. A histologic diagnosis revealed it to be a small cell anaplastic carcinoma. The tumor cells were found negative in a Grimelius staining and did not contain hormones such as ACTH. Some cytokeratins, however, were detected by an immunohistochemical examination, Cancer invasion into the adventitia was seen, though no lymph node metastasis or a distant metastasis was shown. Six months after operation, a recurrence in the mediastinum and in the distant lymph nodes was found. Chemotherapy and irradiation were found to be useful, and the postoperative survival period was 25 months.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1987

Immunoreactive corticotropin-releasing hormone present in human plasma may be derived from both hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic sources.

Immunoreactive CRH concentrations were determined in human plasma using an immunoaffinity chromatographic extraction procedure and sensitive RIA. Immunoreactive CRH was detectable in the plasma of all normal subjects (mean +/- SD, 6.2 +/- 2.4 pg/mL; n = 15). Basal (0800-1000 h) plasma immunoreactive CRH levels were significantly lower in patients with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenal (2.8 +/- 1.1 pg/mL; n = 4) or pituitary adenomas (2.9 +/- 0.8 pg/mL; n = 5), in patients with hypothalamic hypopituitarism (3.2 +/- 0.9 pg/mL; n = 5), and in glucocorticoid-treated patients (3.9 +/- 1.9 pg/mL, n = 8). Basal plasma CRH levels were also low in patients with acromegaly (2.8 +/- 0.8 pg/mL; n = 14) and insulin-treated diabetic patients whose pituitary-adrenal function was normal (3.6 +/- 1.0 pg/mL; n = 12). In normal subjects plasma CRH levels increased after insulin-induced hypoglycemia; this response was abolished by the prior administration of dexamethasone. In contrast, basal plasma CRH levels were not affected by prior administration of metyrapone or dexamethasone. No evidence for diurnal variation in plasma immunoreactive CRH was found in normal subjects. In addition, in normal subjects oral glucose administration elicited a significant increase in plasma CRH (basal, 7.3 +/- 0.9 pg/mL; peak 30 min after glucose, 16.7 +/- 5.8 pg/mL; n = 5; P less than 0.05) without concomitant changes in ACTH. Gel filtration of extracts of pooled plasma from normal subjects revealed a major component of immunoreactive CRH in the position of synthetic rat CRH. Immunoreactive CRH-sized material had the same retention time as authentic rat CRH in a reverse phase high pressure liquid chromatography system. The content of immunoreactive CRH in human placenta, pancreas, and adrenal gland was much larger than that in hypothalamus. These findings suggest that immunoreactive CRH is present in peripheral plasma; the increase in plasma immunoreactive CRH after insulin-induced hypoglycemia may reflect stimulation of hypothalamic CRH release; the increase in plasma immunoreactive CRH after glucose administration may reflect extrahypothalamic CRH release; and the lack of diurnal variation in plasma immunoreactive CRH together with the lack of suppression of CRH by dexamethasone suggest that basal plasma CRH is of extrahypothalamic origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Distribution, plasma concentration, and in vivo prolactin-releasing activity of peptide histidine methionine in humans.

The distribution of immunoreactive peptide histidine methionine (PHM) in human tissues and its plasma concentrations were examined using a specific RIA and gel filtration chromatography. The effects of synthetic PHM on anterior pituitary hormone secretion also were studied. Immunoreactive PHM was found in all tissues studied; high concentrations were found in the gastrointestinal tract, lung, and parotid gland. Subsequent but smaller amounts of PHM were found in the hypothalamus, pituitary stalk, olfactory lobe, and cerebral cortex. The distribution of immunoreactive PHM in human tissues was very similar to that of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), and PHM and VIP were in equimolar concentrations. Immunoreactive PHM was also detectable in plasma of normal subjects, and similar plasma concentrations were found in patients with prolactinomas. Molecular sieve chromatography of extracts of nonneural tissues and plasma extracts revealed only one peak, eluting in the position of synthetic PHM. Two peaks of immunoreactive PHM were found in brain tissue; one coeluted with synthetic PHM, and the other eluted in the high mol wt region. Bolus injections of synthetic PHM significantly increased plasma PRL levels in a dose-dependent manner. However, PHM did not alter plasma GH, TSH, ACTH, LH, or FSH levels. These results indicate that PHM is distributed widely in human tissues, and posttranslational processing of the VIP-PHM precursor molecule may be different in different tissues. The finding of equimolar distributions of PHM and VIP is consistent with the notion that these two peptides are synthesized from a common precursor. The presence of immunoreactive PHM in human hypothalamic and pituitary stalk tissue and its specific in vivo PRL-releasing activity suggest that PHM may play an important role in the regulation of PRL secretion.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Presence of neurophysins in the human pituitary corticotrophs, Cushing's adenomas, and growth hormone-producing adenomas detected by immunohistochemical study.

Neurophysins have been recognized as the carrier proteins of vasopressin and oxytocin. The distribution of neurophysins is immunohistochemically confirmed in the hypothalamus, median eminence, and posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. The authors detected neurophysins in the human corticotrophs and pituitary adenomas with the use of the immunohistochemical method with antiserum to human neurophysins, which did not cross-react with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), beta-endorphin, and corticotropin-releasing factor. All of ten pituitary glands obtained by autopsy revealed the presence of neurophysin-positive cells in the anterior, intermediate, and the posterior lobes. The neurophysin-positive cells were similar to the corticotrophs in shape and distribution. Simultaneous staining for ACTH and neurophysins in the serial sections revealed that neurophysin-positive cells were also ACTH-positive. One hundred twenty-four cases of pituitary adenoma operated upon were investigated. All of 7 Cushing's adenomas were composed of neurophysin-positive cells. Six tumors with giantism showed sparsely distributed neurophysin-positive cells. No neurophysin-positive cells were observed in any other cases. This study is the first reported evidence of the presence of neurophysins in the human corticotrophs and pituitary adenomas.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1985

Precancerous lesions of the gallbladder mucosa.

To elucidate the morphological characteristics and the incidence of precancerous lesions of the gallbladder, 200 gallbladders removed for presumed benign diseases were examined histopathologically. Dysplastic epithelia with distinct cellular and structural atypia were graded into either mild or moderate to severe degree. Twenty-nine (14.5%) of 200 cases showed dysplasia; 5 (2.5%) was to moderate to severe degree and 24 (12%) to mild degree. Carcinoma in situ was found in 4 cases (2%) and occult invasive carcinoma in 2 cases (1%). Simple hyperplasia was seen in 54 cases (27%). Abnormal epithelia showed a male preponderance in consistent with the previous report on cancer epidemiology in Japan. Dysplasia and hyperplasia were found to have close association with chronic cholecystitis, but not with gallstones per se. It was postulated that the progression of dysplasia or carcinoma in situ into invasive carcinoma may occur in the sixties to seventies.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Immunocytochemical identification of CRF in the human hypothalamus.

Immunoreactive ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was revealed in the cell bodies of parvocellular neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the human hypothalamus by an immunocytochemical technique. The immunoreactivity was negative in magnocellular neurons. Immunoreactive nerve fibers were found in the subependymal layers of the third ventricle and in the perivascular space of the primary plexus in the lower hypothalamus. No CRF immunoreactive cell bodies were found in the supraoptic nucleus.

Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone↗
PubMed1982

Hepatic alveolar echinococcosis invading pancreas, vertebrae, and spinal cord.

A case of hepatic alveolor echinococcosis with contiguous invasion of the pancreas, vertebrae, and spinal cord and intrathecal metastases to the brain stem is reported. The long course after a hemihepatectomy may be a factor in the modification of the natural course of the disease and in the induction of this unusual mode of spread.

Adult↗