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Biomedical subjects

N Arimizu

Publications and source records attributed to N Arimizu.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Results of radiation therapy of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma].

From January 1975 to August 1988, 40 patients with extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma were treated by external irradiation at Chiba University Hospital and the National Medical Center Hospital. Thirty-four patients (male: 20, female: 14) were evaluable. Eighteen patients were postoperative cases because the surgical margin was positive for tumor cells in the postoperative pathological examination; the other 16 were inoperable cases. Survival in postoperative and inoperable cases was not significantly different, with median survival times of 13.8 and 8.1 months, respectively. Survival in the recanalization-positive and negative-groups was significantly different (p less than 0.05) after irradiation, with median survival times of 13.5 and 6.0 months, respectively. Complications of therapy were recognized in 68% of all cases. They were mainly gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, erosive gastritis and loss of appetite, but they were not severe. Distant metastasis was recognized in only 4 patients (10%): three had bony metastasis and one had supraclavicular and pulmonary hilar lymph node metastasis. Ninety percent of all cases died from hepatic failure or peritonitis carcinomatosa due to failure to obtain local control by external irradiation. A more effective modality of treatment is necessary to cure these patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Usefulness of 111In labeled leukocytes scintigraphy combined with 99mTc phytate liver scintigraphy for diagnosis of hepatic abscess comparing with CT and US].

111In labelled leukocyte scintigraphy (ILLS) was performed in five patients with hepatic abscess. For the accurate diagnosis of hepatic abscess, ILLS was superimposed on 99mTc phytate liver scintigraphy. The results of ILLS were compared with CT and US findings. Four of five patients (80%) showed abnormal accumulations in the liver. The smallest abscess detected was 46 mm x 43 mm. CT scan showed rim enhancement, which was a specific finding for hepatic abscess, in three patients. It was rather difficult to diagnose hepatic abscess by US. In two cases without definite rim enhancement on CT, the abscesses were diagnosed as hot spots by ILLS. We conclude that ILLS combined with 99mTc liver scintigraphy is useful for the diagnosis of hepatic abscess.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Peritoneal mesothelioma: hypertrophic gastroepiploic and omental arteries identified by radioimmune angiography.

We report a first case of malignant peritoneal mesothelioma examined by radioimmune (RI) angiography with technetium-99m human serum albumin. The RI angiography clearly demonstrated the characteristic findings including hypertrophic gastroepiploic arteries and dilated omental branches. These findings may be very helpful in distinguishing malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas from peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Radiation therapy in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma.

From April 1978 through December 1989, a total of 17 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were treated with radiation therapy alone or radiation therapy in conjunction with percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), transarterial infusion chemotherapy (TAI), or transarterial embolization (TAE) at the National Medical Center Hospital. The median survival of all patients was 13.8 months. The survival values determined at 1, 2, and 3 years were 58.8%, 26.1%, and 9.8%, respectively. Only the pretreatment liver function affected the survival value. Between patients who did not have liver cirrhosis (LC) as well as those who had LC of Child's class A and patients who had LC of Child's class B or C, the differences observed in the 1-year survival value and the median duration of survival were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The serum cholinesterase (ChE) level seemed to be a good indicator of liver function during the radiation therapy. A field size of 150 cm2 and a total dose of 5000 cGy (TDF 82) seemed to be well tolerated by patients who did not have LC and those who had LC of Child's class A. The field size determined whether patients with poor liver function such as LC of Child's class B or C would develop severe hepatic deterioration after undergoing radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Comparison of Indium-111-labeled leukocyte scintigraphy and Technetium-99m joint scintigraphy in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.

This study was undertaken to evaluate the use of Indium-111-labeled leukocyte (111In-WBC) imaging compared with Technetium-99m pertechnetate (99mTcO4-) imaging in 19 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 8 with osteoarthritis. Knee and wrist joints were evaluated for both radionuclides. The results indicated a good correlation of the clinical assessment of pain and swelling with joint uptake ratio (JUR) between 111In-WBC and 99mTcO4- in RA and osteoarthritis patients. We observed a discrepancy in both imagings in "burned out" cases. It was concluded that a JUR of 111In-WBC could distinguish active RA from inactive RA or osteoarthritis at a value of 1.15 and that the use of 111In-WBC was a more reliable procedure than 99mTcO4-.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Splenic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Accumulation of Tc-99m HDP.

Considerable accumulation of Tc-99m HMDP was noted in a huge splenic mass in a 62-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma. An autopsy revealed a massive hemorrhage within the splenic metastasis. The splenic uptake of the radionuclide corresponded to the marked deposition of hemosiderin.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1992

Diagnosis of aneurysm of superior thyroid artery by CT and MR imaging.

A 51-year-old man presented with a nonpulsatile anterior neck mass which suggested a thyroglossal duct cyst. At CT a small cystic mass was revealed. The mass contained a well-defined, crescent-shaped, low-density area with homogeneous contrast enhancement. On MR T2-weighted spin-echo and gradient-echo images the mass was as hyperintense as the neck vessels. Angiography and operation confirmed an aneurysm of the left superior thyroid artery with a mural thrombus.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1992

[Analysis of stereoisomers involved products of synthesized 18F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose by 1H-NMR spectroscopy].

18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-mannose (FDM) is eventually involved in side products of 18F-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) synthesized by the acetylhypofluorite method. We attempted the measurement of existence ratio of FDM and FDG, FDM alpha and FDM beta, FDG alpha and FDG beta by 400 MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The ratio of FDM to FDG were 4.0%. The amounts of FDG beta were much larger than those of FDG alpha. The difference between the amounts of FDM alpha and FDM beta were not significant. 1H-NMR spectroscopy could be utilized in quantitative analysis of products and byproducts in cyclotron chemicals. The FDM in FDG synthesized in our cyclotron system was not considered to affect a lot of influence in PET study.

Deoxyglucose↗
PubMed1992

[Visualization of the female breast in bone scintigraphy].

Breast cancer incidence rates in Japan have more than doubled in the decade between 1975 and 1985 due to a well-established and affluent Western life-style. One hundred patients having breast cancer, 107 patients having mastectomies, and 243 patients having no breast cancer were reviewed for whole body and spot views of bone scintigraphy with 99mTc-MDP. The frequency of positive breast uptake in patients with no breast cancer showed a maximum in those patients between the ages of 30 and 40, with a progressive rise and fall before and after the peak, respectively. Patients between the ages of 50 and 60 with breast cancer showed a maximum uptake of 83%, while those patients between the ages of 70 and 80 with breast cancer showed an uptake higher than 50%. There was a markedly higher breast uptake ratio in the breast cancer group compared to the breast cancer free group. Although this scanning agent was of no value in recognition of tumor localization from breast uptake, we have to suspect a high incidence of cancer existence whenever there was unilateral increased breast activity. Even though the mechanism of 99mTc-MDP uptake by breast tissue is unknown, breast concentration of 99mTc-MDP appears to be influenced by hormones, especially estrogen.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of gastroenterological disease by using 18F-FDG PET--differential diagnosis of malignancy from benignity].

In this study, we used 18F-FDG PET to differentiate gastroenterological malignancy from benignity. We investigated 122 patients with gastroenterological disease before treatment (with lesions exceeding 2.0 cm in diameter only). 60 min after injection of FDG, although 16 cases out of 17 benign disease did not reveal accumulation higher than normal tissue, 105 cases of malignant tumor except some of hepatocellular carcinoma revealed high accumulation of FDG. FDG uptake was expressed as the Ci/Cp ratio, calculated from radioactivity of the tumor (Ci) and the plasma (Cp). 89 cases out of 90 which show more than 2.0 of Ci/Cp ratio were malignant tumor. On the other hand, 32 cases which show less than 2.0 contained 16 cases of benign disease and 15 of hepatocellular carcinoma. FDG PET is a useful tool for differential diagnosis of malignant tumor from benign disease except some of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Deoxyglucose↗
PubMed1992

Positron emission tomography using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose in malignant lymphoma: a comparison with proliferative activity.

To evaluate the relationship between PET using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and pathological findings and to compare indices obtained by FDG-PET, FDG-PET was performed in 23 patients with untreated malignant lymphoma. Three indices obtained by FDG-PET, tumor-to-normal contrast ratio (TCR), distribution absorption ratio (DAR), k1k2/(k2 + k3), correlated with proliferative activity which was pathologically estimated both by mitotic count and by proportion of cells in all phases of the cell cycle. The relationship did not significantly change according to which of the three indices was chosen. FDG-PET, which shows the proliferative activity of tumors, is considered to be a useful method for managing tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Depiction of the normal adrenal gland evaluation with 0.5 tesla MRI].

MR studies of the abdomen in 128 patients were reviewed in order to evaluate the normal adrenal glands. The studies were performed on a 0.5-Tesla superconducting unit. T1-weighted spin-echo (T1WI), T2-weighted spin-echo (T2WI) and T2*-weighted gradient-echo (T2*-WI) images were obtained. T1WI demonstrated the normal adrenal glands in 90% of the patients. T2*WI identified the glands in 86%, a higher rate than the 73% for T2WI. On both T1WI and T2WI, the right adrenal gland was demonstrated of a lower rate than the left adrenal gland, because the right retroperitoneal fat layer was narrow in patients with hepatic tumors. T2*WI depicted both adrenal glands equally, because the intensity of the left adrenal gland was the same as that of collateral veins from portal hypertension. It is suggested that both T1WI and T2WI with a gradient echo pulse sequence are more useful in depicting the adrenal glands than both T1WI and T2WI.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1991

[Magnetic resonance imaging of small nasopharyngeal tumors].

Magnetic resonance (MR) images of 9 patients with a small nasopharyngeal tumor were examined, and among them three cases were evaluated with Gd-DTPA enhancement technique. All cases showed no asymmetry of parapharyngeal space, but they presented neck lymph nodes swelling. These cases were proved malignant by surgical procedures and the blind biopsy. MR findings of levator and tensor veli palatini muscles and retropharyngeal lymph nodes were retrospectively evaluated in correlation with endoscopic examination and biopsy. In six cases among 9 patients, MR images demonstrated tumors on the lateral wall of nasopharynx. Infiltration of levator veli palatini muscle was an especially important earlier sign of nasopharyngeal tumor invasion because the levator veli palatini muscle belongs to the intrapharyngeal muscle group. Endoscopic examination could not reveal any abnormal lesion in three cases among these 6 cases. No definite signal intensity difference between tumor and pharyngeal mucosa was shown on both T1 and T2 weighted images. But the normal pharyngeal mucosa had demonstrated higher intensity than tumor with Gd-DTPA administration. So the enhanced nasopharyngeal MR imaging made the clear intensity difference between tumor and muscle tissue. It was the conclusion that MR imaging was superior to X-CT in detecting small nasopharyngeal tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Technetium-99m HMPAO labeled leukocytes in inflammation imaging.

Technetium-99m-HMPAO (Tc-99m-HMPAO) labeled leukocyte imaging was carried out in 19 patients at 3-5 hr after reinjection. There were no side effects noted. Tc-99m leukocyte images showed gall bladder, colon, kidney, and urinary bladder activity in normal distribution as a result of excretion of the eluted Tc-99m complex. They yielded a sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 100% and an accuracy of 95%. They were correctly positive in 14 out of 19 cases. But one false negative case was seen in a patient with pyonephrosis showing a lack of renal function with decreased renal blood flow. It was concluded that they have some advantages over In-111 leukocyte images, but we have to consider the fact that the ureteral obstruction or the lack of renal function with decreased renal blood flow may result in a false positive or a false negative case.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma confined to the nasal cavity: its relationship to the polymorphic reticulosis and results of radiation therapy.

From 1975 through 1988, nine patients with locally confined nasal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were treated with radiation therapy in the Department of Radiology, Chiba University Hospital. Immunohistochemical study disclosed that all NHL's have T-lineage. Additionally, unique histological pictures of polymorphism, angiodestruction, and necrosis were seen in most of cases. These three findings are the histological features of polymorphic reticulosis (PMR), which is the main cause of lethal midline granuloma and has recently been shown to belong to T-cell malignancy. Therefore, it is concluded that the nasal T-cell NHL and PMR are really a single disease entity. The predominance of the T-cell lymphoma in the nasal cavity as well as its histological distinctness clearly indicate that the head and neck extranodal NHL cannot be discussed together. Although the disorder was considered to be locally limited at presentation, only 3 of the 9 patients with nasal NHL could be induced into long-term remission with involved field radiotherapy. The distant extranodal spread was the primary cause of failure. Multimodality treatment using intensive chemotherapy might improve the prognosis of nasal NHL.

Female↗
PubMed1991

[Blood flow measurement of brain tumor by 123I-IMP using 3-heads rotating gamma camera SPECT].

Using 3-heads rotating gamma camera SPECT system, regional blood flow was measured from the super-early image obtained 4 to 6 minutes after the intravenous injection of 123I-IMP on 11 patients with various brain tumors. Two cases of olfactory groove meningioma and malignant astrocytoma showed significantly high 123I-IMP uptake by the lesion visualized by MRI compared to the uptake by normal brain cortex on super-early image but 123I-IMP uptake by the tumor decreased on early image. In both cases, blood flow of the tumor measured from super-early image showed values much higher than those of normal brain cortex. It was thought that usual correction method based on early image did not correctly represent the blood flow of the lesion but that the present method based on super-early image could show the increase of blood flow of the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental study of the relationship between in vitro binding activity and in vivo tumor accumulation of radiolabeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibodies].

The immunoreactivity and affinity of seven kinds of monoclonal antibody raised against human gastric cancer (MKN-45) secreted carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) were determined with the method of cell binding assay in vitro. Tumor localization and biodistribution of radiolabeled antibodies were performed in athymic mice implanted MKN-45 xenografts. Results obtained were as follows: 1) The affinity constant of CEA-specific three antibodies (1A4, 1B2, 4H11) was the same approximately, whereas the immunoreactivity found to be quite different among them. While CEA-nonspecific four antibodies (7D1, 6C7, 2C3, 5H7) showed the much higher affinity constant than that of the former. 2) In an animal model on tumor localization and biodistribution studies, CEA-specific antibodies obtained more highly tumor targeting and cleared more rapidly from the blood and non-tumor organs than CEA-nonspecific antibodies did, so that tumor to nontumor ratios was increased. 3) In this model system it is the immunoreactivity preparation of antibodies that improved tumor targeting and tumor activity retention, on the other side, the affinity constant of antibodies were associated with rapid clearance from the blood and non tumor sites. In conclusion, this studies would also be beneficial for practical use and clinical application of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies.

Animals↗