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Biomedical subjects

N Aydin

Publications and source records attributed to N Aydin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Coexistence of a Meckel's diverticulum and a urachal remnant.

Meckel's diverticulum, which is a remnant of the omphalomesenteric or vitelline duct, is the most common congenital abnormality of the gastrointestinal system. Urachal abnormalities, resulting from anomalous urogenital development, are not observed frequently and case reports are mainly represented in literature. The presence of these two congenital anomalies together is a very rare pathology. Complications arising from a Meckel's diverticulum or urachal remnant may clinically mimic acute appendicitis and other surgical pathologies. We report on a patient who underwent surgery for acute appendicitis when it was discovered that the symptoms were produced by a perforated Meckel's diverticulitis. In the course of the surgery, a urachal remnant was found to coexist with the diverticulum.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Chronic treatment of haloperidol causes vasoconstriction on basilar arteries of rats, dose dependently.

Haloperidol is a widely used antipsychotic drug, which exerts its effects via antagonizing the dopaminergic D2 receptors. Also it affects a number of receptors on vascular bed and other tissues. The impact of haloperidol on vascular bed seems still debatable and not clear. In the present study, haloperidol was given to adult rats in 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 mg kg(-1) doses, once a day, intraperitoneally in 1 ml volumes, for 9 weeks. After decapitation under Pentothal anesthesia, brains and basilar arteries were dissected out at midpontine level immediately. Conventional histopathology and morphometric analysis were carried out on the dissected artery branches. Medial and adventitial layers, endothelial cells and internal elastic membranes were observed as normal in the control group. It was determined clearly that the lumen of basilar artery in the control group was larger than in the other groups and also it was observed that is more regular the lumen contours of basilar artery in control group compared with other groups. Finally, wall thickness of basilar artery in all experimental groups decreased significantly due to the vasoconstriction. Regarding the total, lumen and wall volumes, 1 mg kg(-1) haloperidol induces vasoconstriction more than the other groups.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

A neuro-Behcet's lesion in oculomotor nerve nucleus.

OBJECTIVE: Fascicular oculomotor nerve involvement is occasionally seen in Behcet's disease, but nuclear involvement is very rare. CASE PRESENTATION: A 25-year-old woman presented with the Behcet's symptoms and the left eye problems. Physical examination revealed muco-cutaneous lesions, eyelid ptosis, mydriasis, upward and medial gaze palsy and lateral deviation on the left eye. Serologic tests were positive. An inflammatory lesion was detected in the left oculomotor nerve nucleus on magnetic resonance imaging. Neuro-Behcet's disease was considered the most likely diagnosis. RESULT: Dexamethasone treatment was ordered. Muco-cutaneal lesions, laboratory abnormalities were normalized after 1 year; but oculomotor nerve palsy persisted in spite of improvement in radiological findings. CONCLUSION: Clinical signs of oculomotor nerve palsy may persist despite the radiological improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Neuro-Behçet's disease involving the pons with initial onset of affective symptoms.

We report a case with Behçet's disease with initial onset of affective symptoms. This disease most commonly affects the brain stem in the nervous system, but a large lesion is very rare in the pons; initial onset of affective symptoms has not yet been reported in literature. This case was treated successfully with corticosteroids. Total clinical improvement was observed and the lesion was reduced in size within nine months (1.5 x 1.3 cm to 0.2 x 0.4 cm).

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Bacterial contamination of propofol: the effects of temperature and lidocaine.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The intravenous anaesthetic propofol may become contaminated once the ampoules have been opened. The effect of lidocaine and cooling was tested on the bacterial contamination of propofol. METHODS: The study was performed in two parts. In Part 1,1920 aliquots of propofol alone, and of a propofollidocaine mixture, were drawn into sterile syringes and stored at room temperature (24-26 degrees C) or in the refrigerator (12-14 degrees C). In Part 2, 1200 aliquots from opened ampoules of propofol alone, or as a propofol-lidocaine mixture, were stored at room temperature or in the refrigerator. Samples were aerobically cultured at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 h. RESULTS: In Part 1, diphtheroid bacillus was isolated from one aliquot (0.06%). In Part 2, there was bacterial growth in both groups; the number of contaminated ampoules increased with time and it was 20-26% at 12 h. Diphtheroid bacilli and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most frequent micro-organisms. CONCLUSIONS: When propofol is stored in opened ampoules, the bacterial contamination rate is high. Adding lidocaine, or storing opened ampoules at 12-14 degrees C, does not affect the contamination rate, except during the first few hours. It is advisable to draw propofol aseptically into a syringe in an amount that can be used during one procedure.

Anesthetics, Intravenous↗
PubMed2002

Dural cavernous hemangioma originating from superior petrosal sinus.

Cavernous angiomas of the dura are rare and have been described in the literature particularly in the middle cranial fossa. We present a case of cavernous hemangioma of the middle cranial fossa arising from the superior petrosal sinus. In our review of the literature, this is the 2(nd) report describing a cavernous hemangioma in such a location.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Antimicrobial activity of ropivacaine and other local anaesthetics.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It is claimed that local anaesthetics have antimicrobial properties. Our aim was to investigate the antimicrobial effects of different concentrations of ropivacaine, bupivacaine, lidocaine and prilocaine on Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. METHODS: All local anaesthetic dilutions were exposed to microorganisms for 0, 30, 60, 120, 240 min at room temperature. The inoculums taken from diluted suspensions were reinoculated on blood agar and incubated for 18-24 h at 35 degrees C and then the colonies were counted. RESULTS: Ropivacaine did not inhibit any of the microorganisms tested. Bupivacaine reduced the viable cells of P. aeruginosa at 0.5% and 0.25% solutions. Lidocaine 5% and 2% and prilocaine 2.0% dilutions reduced the viable cells of all microorganisms tested. Prilocaine 1.0% reduced the viable cells of E. coli, S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Lidocaine 1% reduced only the viable cells of P. aeruginosa and prilocaine 0.5% reduced only E. coli. CONCLUSION: Ropivacaine had no antimicrobial effect on microorganisms tested. Bupivacaine showed poor antimicrobial effectiveness. Lidocaine and prilocaine had more powerful antimicrobial effects than the other two local anaesthetics.

Amides↗
PubMed2001

Compensatory fuzzy neural networks-based intelligent detection of abnormal neonatal cerebral Doppler ultrasound waveforms.

Compensatory fuzzy neural networks (CFNN) without normalization, which can be trained with a backpropagation learning algorithm, is proposed as a pattern recognition technique for intelligent detection of Doppler ultrasound waveforms of abnormal neonatal cerebral hemodynamics. Doppler ultrasound signals were recorded from the anterior cerebral arteries of 40 normal full-term babies and 14 mature babies with intracranial pathology. The features of normal and abnormal groups as inputs to pattern recognition algorithms were extracted from the maximum velocity waveforms by using principal component analysis. The proposed technique is compared with the CFNN with normalization and other pattern recognition techniques applied to Doppler ultrasound signals from various arteries. The results show that the proposed method is superior to the others, and can be a powerful technique to be used in analyzing Doppler ultrasound signals from various arteries.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2001

Left ear (right temporal hemisphere) advantage and left temporal hemispheric dysfunction in schizophrenia.

In this study, to investigate the right or left ear advantages in psychiatric patients. the durations of hearing for right and left ears were assessed in 61 psychiatric patients, 26 with schizophrenia, 17 with depressive disorder, 13 with bipolar affective disorder, and 5 with brief psychotic disorder, plus 24 controls. Diagnoses were made on the basis of information provided from clinical interviews and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). Schizophrenia was associated with a left ear advantage, and both depressive disorder and brief psychotic disorder were associated with right ear advantage as well as controls. These results suggest that their schizophrenia may be associated with a left temporal lobe dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Optimization of processing parameters for the analysis and detection of embolic signals.

The fast Fourier transform (FFT), which is employed by all commercially available ultrasonic systems, provides a time-frequency representation of Doppler ultrasonic signals obtained from blood flow. The FFT assumes that the signal is stationary within the analysis window. However, the presence of short duration embolic signals invalidates this assumption. For optimal detection of embolic signals if FFT is used for signal processing, it is important that the FFT parameters such as window size, window type, and required overlap ratio should be optimized. The effect of varying window type, window size and window overlap ratio were investigated for both simulated embolic signals, and recorded from patients with carotid artery stenosis. An optimal compromise is the use of a Hamming or Hanning window with a FFT size of 64 (8.9 ms) or 128 (17.9 ms). A high overlap ratio should also be employed in order not to miss embolic events occurring at the edges of analysis windows. The degree of overlap required will depend on the FFT size. The minimum overlap should be 65% for a 64-point window and 80% for a 128-point window.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed2000

Difference of disability between electrophysiologic subgroups of essential tremor.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to test the validity of the controversial subdivision of essential tremor (ET) patients into electrophysiological subgroups. METHODS: We evaluated a hundred patients with ET using surface electromyographic (EMG) recordings of antagonists forearm muscles and distinguished three groups: the first group showed synchronous activity of antagonistic muscles, the second showed alternating activity of antagonist muscles; and the third group consisted of patients whose EMG recordings were not compatible with the other two groups. We compared patients with synchronous and alternating activity in terms of sex, age at onset, duration of illness, family history of tremor, symmetry and frequency of tremor, and the scores of a disability scale. RESULTS: The only significant difference between the patients with synchronous and alternating activity was that the patients with synchronous activity were more disabled. CONCLUSION: This result adds to the evidence for distinct electrophysiological subgroups of ET with distinct clinical properties.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

The use of the wavelet transform to describe embolic signals.

A number of methods to detect cerebral emboli and differentiate them from artefacts using Doppler ultrasound have been described in the literature. In most, Fourier transform-based (FT) spectral analysis has been used. The FT is not ideally suited to analysis of short-duration embolic signals due to an inherent trade-off between temporal and frequency resolution. An alternative approach that might be expected to describe embolic signals well is the wavelet transform. Wavelets are ideally suited for the analysis of sudden short-duration signal changes. Therefore, we have implemented a wavelet-based analysis and compared the results of this with a conventional FFT-based analysis. The temporal resolution, as measured by the half-width maximum, was significantly better for the continuous wavelet transform (CWT), mean (SD) 8.40 (8.82) ms, compared with the 128-point FFT, 12.92 (9.70) ms, and 64-point FFT, 10.80 (5.69) ms. Time localization of the CWT for the embolic signal was also significantly better than the FFT. The wavelet transform appears well suited to the analysis of embolic signals offering superior time resolution and time localization to the FFT.

Carotid Stenosis↗
PubMed1998

Surface stimulation single-fiber electromyography.

Stimulation single-fiber electromyography (S-SFEMG) is an alternative method to SFEMG during voluntary contraction (VC-SFEMG). S-SFEMG is preferred to VC-SFEMG in uncooperating patients, children, and patients having severe weakness. Surface stimulation is a viable alternative to needle stimulation in S-SFEMG. In the present study, surface versus needle stimulation of facial nerve has been tested by recording from the orbicularis oculi and frontalis muscles. Jitter values obtained by both methods have been found to be nearly equal.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Prophylactic effect of ornidazole on experimental tetanus in mice.

Tetanus is still responsible for many deaths, especially in the developing parts of the world. In this study, the prophylactic effect of ornidazole on experimental tetanus in mice was investigated. The initial minimum lethal dose (MLD) of Clostridium tetani spores was determined in mice and 100 MLD was applied to mice in experiments. Ornidazole was then administered at the dose of 20 mg, 40 mg and 80 mg/kg. In addition, penicillin and horse tetanus serum were also administered to other groups. According to the present results, ornidazole decreased the number of deaths in mice significantly in a dose and drug administration time dependent manner. These results suggest that, together with essential wound care and active immunization, ornidazole (or another nitroimidazole) may be a useful and supportive therapeutic agent in tetanus prophylaxis.

Animals↗