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Biomedical subjects

N B Kumta

Publications and source records attributed to N B Kumta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) -- an Indian perspective.

The inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) constitute a diverse heterogeneous group of disorders with protean clinical manifestations presenting mainly in the pediatric population. Though individually rare, together they constitute a significant percentage of children seen in genetic and neurology clinics. This review focuses on selected IEMs and highlights those seen in the neonatal period. Data from Indian centers are presented. It also emphasizes principles of management in these difficult disorders in the context of a developing country.

Brain Diseases, Metabolic↗
PubMed1999

Typhoid hepatitis in children.

Liver involvement is commonly observed in patients with typhoid fever. However, a hepatitis-like picture with fever and jaundice is unusual and infrequently reported in the paediatric literature. Our aim was to characterize the clinical picture, biochemical features, and prognosis of typhoid hepatitis. One hundred cases of typhoid fever (age 0 to 12 years), proven by positive blood cultures to Salmonella typhi, were studied with special reference to hepatic dysfunction. Of these, eight patients were found to have hepatitis during the course of their illness. All had high fever, tender hepatomegaly, elevated serum bilirubin (in the range of 2.5-5.8 mg/dl), and elevated serum alanine transaminase levels (in the range 100-620 IU/l). All the eight patients showed complete clinical and biochemical recovery in response to appropriate antibiotics. The clinical picture of typhoid hepatitis frequently mimics acute viral hepatitis. In tropical areas, the differential diagnosis of a child presenting with fever and jaundice should include typhoid hepatitis.

Child↗
PubMed1995

Why the act?

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Advertising↗
PubMed1992

AIDS with special reference to pediatric aspect.

The article discusses the disease AIDS, and its increasing incidence all over the world. The alarming rise of HIV infection amongst those tested in India is noted. The projection as made by WHO are mentioned. The various modes of transmission of HIV infection and the high risk groups for each mode are identified. Clinical manifestation of an adult case is followed by that of a pediatric patient in whom the infection is mostly transplacental. The risk of TAA amongst children is highlighted as also the difference between adult and pediatric AIDS. Diagnosis of AIDS, its management, prognosis and prevention are mentioned. The similarity between HIV-1, SIV and HIV-2 induced immunodeficiency is recorded.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1991

Polymorphonuclear and monocyte functions in measles.

The depression of immune responses during measles infection has been recognized since the early 20th century. Acute bacterial infections are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in measles. This study investigated the phagocytic and bactericidal or fungicidal capacities of polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) and monocytes during measles infections. When 14 children with measles were compared with 25 healthy controls, a significant depression in PMN and monocyte function was found. Of these 14 children, seven developed acute bacterial infections. These seven children were compared with 11 children who had acute bacterial infections without measles. It was found that PMN in patients with measles did not achieve an activated state, as expected with acute infections. Serum immunoglobulins were not altered in these patients. These results confirm previous reports of depressed phagocytic and bactericial capacities of PMN in measles, and further document that peripheral blood monocyte functions are also depressed in measles.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

Efficacy of three doses of oral polio immunization beginning within the first four days of life.

A study was carried out to test the efficacy of oral polio immunization commencing in the newborn period. In Group A, 47 term newborn infants were given trivalent oral polio vaccine (TOPV) within the first four days, at one month and at two months. In Group B, 21 infants were given TOPV at 3, 4 and 5 months. The seroconversion rates for types 1, 2 and 3 were 87.2, 95.7 and 72.3%, respectively in Group A and 85.7, 95.2 and 66.7%, respectively in Group B after 3 doses of TOPV, the differences being insignificant. Oral polio immunization beginning in the newborn period was as effective as when commenced at 3 months of age. Before immunization, the number of babies with protective titers against polioviruses were significantly more in Group A as compared to Group B. Thus, the later onset of immunization schedule leaves more children susceptible to poliomyelitis during the first 3 months of life.

Humans↗
PubMed1988

Syndrome myxoma.

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Child↗