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Biomedical subjects

N Basugi

Publications and source records attributed to N Basugi.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Ependymal cyst--case report].

An eleven-month-old male infant with an ependymal cyst is reported. He was born after full-term pregnancy and vacuum extraction. His growth and development was somewhat retarded and he could control his head at the age of five months. He was admitted to our hospital because of the enlargement of his head and the paretic right upper limb. On admission he was found to be a well-nourished infant with the head circumference of 54.5 cm and the height of 75.5 cm. Physical examination disclosed slight weakness in the right upper extremity but no signs of increased intracranial pressure. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a huge low density area in the left frontoparietooccipital region which extended to the right across the midline. Another low density area was seen in the quadrigeminal cistern. CT findings also suggested an association with agenesis of the corpus callosum. The huge supratentorial cyst was isolated from the ventricles and subarachnoid space, which was shown by administration of metrizamide into the cyst. Carotid angiograms showed displacement of both anterior cerebral arteries to the right, which were dissociated from each other. This fact and an association with agenesis of the corpus callosum supported the idea that the cyst originiated in the interhemispheric fissure and expanded into both hemispheres. Cyst fluid was watery clear and protein and sugar contents were 13 mg/dl and 56 mg/dl respectively. The patient underwent a left frontal craniotomy and partial removal of the cyst wall was performed to make a communication with the ventricle. His postoperative course was uneventful and the weakness of the right upper extremity gradually improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1986

[The normal range of cerebral atrophy during aging: statistical analysis of 500 normal subjects].

We previously reported the newly developed quantitative measurement of the cerebral atrophy (pixel count method), and advocated the value CCR (CSF-cranial ratio) as the index of the volumetric measurement of the cerebral atrophy. As the pixel count method is somewhat troublesome, we tried to compare the various linear measurement methods with pixel count method by means of multivariant analysis, and reported a single formula to calculate CCR from the linear measurement methods. Now we studied 500 normal subjects using the pixel count method and examined the normal range of the cerebral atrophy during aging by means of the maximum likelihood method. The normal range was estimated as follows; 0.32 less than y less than 5.78 (t less than 48), 0.068 t--2.944 less than y less than 0.368 t--11.884 (t greater than 48). Using these formula and this newly reported normal range, we can easily predict whether the cerebral atrophy is pathological or not.

Aging↗
PubMed1985

[A quantitative study of brain atrophy on computed tomography--multivariate analysis for comparison between the linear measurement method and the pixel count method].

We previously reported the newly developed quantitative measurement of the cerebral atrophy. The data indicated that the volume of the cerebrospinal fluid not always gradually increases during the life course but remains relatively constant until age 50 and thereafter increases with a wide variation. Though the technique, which is called the pixel count method, is highly quantitative, it is quite troublesome as it needs the computer to count out each pixels. On the other hand, the linear measurement method is easier than the pixel count method, but is far less quantitative. We examined seventy four subjects using both the linear measurement method and the pixel count method, and compared them by means of the multivariant analysis. Three different linear measurement methods were selected by the stepwise multiple regression analysis, those are B (distance between the caudate nuclei), E (greatest distance between the lateral ventricles at the level of the cella media) and G (number of visible sulci whose width are more than 3.1 mm at the level of 3 cm above the corpus callosum). B and E were calibrated by the maximum internal width of the skull (H). The highest correlation was achieved with a formula employing these parameters as follows; y = 42.66 X B/H + 12.52 X E/H + 0.232 X G - 2.92 (y means the estimated value of the CCR (CSF-cranial ratio), which is obtained by dividing the CSF volume by the cranial cavity). Multiple correlation coefficient was 0.76, and was statistically significant (p less than 0.001). The authors emphasized that using this formula we can easily predict CCR as the index of the brain atrophy without any computer.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Calcified chronic subdural hematoma. A case report in an old patient].

Calcified chronic subdural hematoma is a well-known disease to many neurosurgeons as it is diagnosed with only a plain skull X-ray film. Although several reports on this condition are seen, many of them are dealing with those in children or young people, and those in the aged are only few. One case of calcified chronic subdural hematoma in an old man is described. An 86-year-old man with a sudden attack of left hemiparesis was admitted to the Kanto Rosai Hospital. Two years before, he had had a history of head injury on his right temporal area, which caused no neurological deficit before this attack. Neurological examination on admission revealed mild confusional state and severe left hemiparesis. A plain skull film of A-P projection showed a linear calcification in the right temporal area. CT scan revealed a right temporal chronic subdural hematoma with some calcification in the internal membrane, which caused moderate midline shift. Right temporal small craniotomy was performed. The hematoma contained no fluid as usual but paste-like substance, and was partially removed. Postoperatively, he showed an improvement in unstability, but the left hemiparesis remained. On the 23rd postoperative day, he expired of severe pneumonia. Autopsy showed 14.0 X 8.0 X 1.2cm sized subdural hematoma in the right temporal area. Microscopically, the internal layer of the dura markedly thickened, and the appearance of "pachymeningitis hemorrhagica interna" was clearly seen. The thicked internal layer was devided into two layers, and the hematoma was existed just between the two layers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Visualization of cerebellopontine angle diseases by nuclear magnetic resonance imaging].

The preliminary results from the clinical use a prototype whole body nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) machine constructed by Toshiba Inc. are presented. Cranial NMR scans were performed on more than 30 cases with broad spectrum of neurologic diseases using saturation-recovery and inversion-recovery sequences with a field strength of 1500 Gauss. Selective excitation sequence was used for the slice selection and filtered backprojection was used to reconstruct the images. They were displayed on a 256 X 256 matrix as 12 mm thick sections. Data acquisition time varied between 3 and 12 minutes. Our initial experiences with six cases harboring cerebellopontine angle lesions disclosed advantages and disadvantages of NMR imaging in comparison with X-ray CT. The advantages were the absence of linear artifacts from the surrounding bone, the marked gray-white matter differentiation, and the variety of tomographic planes available. The disadvantages included the lack of bone detail, the lack of visualization of the major intracranial vessels, and the long time required for scanning (several minutes per slice). Although much continued evaluation is necessary, NMR seems to have vast potential as a diagnostic tool.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Relationship between focal cerebral ischemia and cerebral water content (author's transl)].

The correlation between the local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) and the specific gravity (SG) of the topographically corresponding cortical area was examined using a model of regional cerebral ischemia by means of transorbital occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) in cats. Cats were divided into the following experimental groups. Group A: two hours MCA occlusion followed by two hours recirculation; Group B: two hours MCA occlusion; Group C: four hours MCA occlusion. The lCBF and the SG were measured by the use of hydrogen clearance method and gradient column, respectively. Two hours MCA occlusion resulted in a moderate drop in SG in the cortical areas where the lCBF decreased below 20 ml/100g/min during ischemia (Group B). Four hours MCA occlusion in Group C resulted in a similar drop in SG. Two hours recirculation following two hours MCA occlusion in Group A, however, caused a remarkable drop in SG which was significantly greater than those in Group B and C. There was no correlation between the drop in SG and the level of post-ischemia lCBF (reactive hyperemia) in Group A. Thus, the present study revealed i) that the development of cerebral edema as evidenced by the drop in cortical SG was associated with an extreme reduction in lCBF, ii) that recirculation exerted a detrimental influence on the post-ischemic brain injury and iii) that the edema aggravation during recirculation was not necessarily dependent on the magnitude of reactive hyperemia. Based on the above results, it was suggested that the cause of edema aggravation following recirculation, namely the development of vasogenic edema, might reside in some chemical mechanism such as lipid peroxidation.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Selective venous sampling of pituitary hormones under provocative tests after retrograde cavernous sinus sinography (author's transl)].

In 22 subjects, selective venous sampling from the inferior petrosal sinus was performed under provocative tests along with simultaneous sampling of pituitary blood from the antecubital vein, after retrograde cavernous sinography. The difference of hormonal levels between sinus blood (Bs) and peripheral blood (Bv) was measured by two antibody radioimmunoassay. Most extreme difference of hormonal levels was observed in acromegalic subjects, where Bs/Bv ratio of GH was 6.0 in the basal value and 4.9 in the peak value, and that of PRL 3.5 and 4.6, respectively. In subjects who reacted to provocative tests, the average ratio of Bs/Bv ranged from 6.9 to 1.1 in the order of GH, PRL, LH, TSH and FSH. Non-reactive subjects showed no significant difference in the hormonal levels between Bs and Bv. From the results obtained above, we assume a possible relationship between Bs/Bv ratio and metabolic clearance rate and between difference of Bs-Bv and basal production. The integral of Bs-Bv difference measured from time zero to the time returned to the basal value under provocative tests represents the sum of basal production and pituitary reserve according to compartment analysis.

Adolescent↗