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N Breuer

Publications and source records attributed to N Breuer.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Epidemiology of gallstones in a German industrial town (Essen) from 1940-1975.

The prevalence of gallstones was studied in 11,840 consecutive autopsies from 1940 to 1975 in the University hospitals of Essen. The total prevalence was 20.7%: 13.1% for men and 33.7% for women. The male to female sex ratio is 1:2.6. The crude prevalence for three 12-year periods showed a significant increase from 8.2 to 15% in men and from 25.7 to 36.3% in women (p less than 0.001). A detailed analysis showed that this increase occurred only in the age groups over 60 and was the consequence of the fact that a greater proportion of women over 60 came to autopsy. The age- and sex-specific morbidity ratio was calculated to standardize the data. This demonstrated considerable fluctuations in 3-year periods since 1940. It can be concluded that no real increase in the prevalence of gallstones occurred in the last 30 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Methodological aspects of the use of the hydrogen (H2) breath test].

Normalization of the breath hydrogen (H2) concentration by simultaneous determination of breath carbon dioxide (CO2) and the addition of lactulose to a liquid meal have been recommended to improve the reproducibility of the hydrogen breath test. To assess the clinical relevance of these recommendations, we studied 64 children of 4 different age groups and 12 adults. Simultaneous determination of CO2 concentration and normalization of breath H2 resulted in a marked decrease of intestinal transit time and its variation in children; in adults, however, this correction was negligible. With lactulose alone, the mean coefficient of variation within individuals was only 11.7% and 13.2%, with and without H2 normalization, respectively. Therefore, the addition of a liquid meal does not seem to be necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Function tests of the lower small intestine with 75selenium-labeled homotaurocholic acid in Crohn disease and resections of the small intestine].

UNLABELLED: Faecal excretion of bile acids was investigated using 75Se-homotaurocholic acid (75SeHCAT) in a total of 75 patients: 9 with irritable colon, 58 with Crohn's disease and 8 with small-bowel resection due to various indications but without Crohn's disease. Bile acid malabsorption, taken as a pathological bile acid retention of less than 19%, was found present in 43 patients with diseased terminal ileum or with more than 20 cm resection of this organ, except in one case (12 cm). On the other hand a normal bile acid retention (21 to 27%) was found in 29 of 72 patients (including 9 patients with irritable colon) who showed either no radiologically detectable lesion of the ileum (n = 21) or changes involving an extension of up to 30 cm (inflammation or resection) in the terminal ileum (n = 8), with the exception of one case (50 cm). Three patients had a raised bile acid excretion contrary to clinical expectation: they had colitis Crohn without radiologically detectable involvement of the small intestine. Thus using the 75SeHCAT-retention test it seems possible to recognize functional disorders in diseased segments of the bowel before the appearance of radiologically detectable changes. CONCLUSION: 75SeHCAT is a suitable substance for investigations on the function of the lower small intestine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The role of bile acids in colonic carcinogenesis.

Several line of evidence suggest that bile acids may be implicated in the pathogenesis of colonic cancer. A high consumption of fat and animal protein and a low dietary intake of fiber have been shown to be related to the incidence of colonic cancer. From these epidemiologic observations the hypothesis was proposed that the correlation between diet and colon cancer might be explained by the involvement of bile acids. Populations at a high risk of developing cancer were shown to have an increased excretion both of total and bacterially modified bile acids in their feces. Animal studies demonstrated a cocarcinogenic effect of bile acids and experimental diets containing large amounts of fat did not only induce an increased bile acid excretion but also an enhanced tumor formation in the colon. Furthermore, microbial in vitro tests showed a comutagenic activity of secondary bile acids. However, case control studies comparing the fecal bile acid excretion pattern in colonic cancer patients and control subjects failed to show such a clear relationship, which might be explained by rather similar dietary habits within one population and individual differences in sensitivity to environmental factors contributing to the tumor development. Cholecystectomy, leading to an increased exposure of bile acids to the intestinal microflora, has been suggested as a predisposing factor for the development of colonic cancer, but the results of experimental and epidemiologic studies so far are rather inconsistent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Etiology of hyposiderinemia and anemia in Crohn's disease].

UNLABELLED: In a prospective study the frequency of anaemia and serum iron deficiency was investigated in 373 patients with Crohn's disease. Anaemia was present in 52% of patients, hyposiderinaemia in 37%. Involvement of the colon resulted in more pronounced anaemia and hyposiderinaemia than in pure ileitis. For further assessment of iron metabolism serum ferritin or iron binding capacity as well as intestinal iron absorption were determined in 34 patients both anaemic and hyposiderinaemic. In 22 patients sideroachrestic anaemia due to inflammation was found, 5 patients showed iron deficiency due to bleeding. In 6 patients simultaneously lowered serum iron and ferritin or increased latent iron binding capacity with non-increased iron absorption indicated relative iron absorption defects. In one case also the absolute intestinal iron absorption was decreased. However, in only one of these 7 patients typical microscopic changes of Crohn's disease were demonstrable in the upper intestine. CONSEQUENCES: 1. Anaemia in Crohn's disease is most frequently caused by inflammation (sideroachrestic anaemia). 2. In colonic involvement the anaemia can be aggravated by iron deficiency due to bleeding. 3. In rare cases part of the anaemia can be due to iron absorption defects which need not necessarily be associated with macroscopic recognizable mucosal damage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Isolation and quantification of nonsulfated and sulfated bile acids in the feces].

A method is described for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of non-sulphated and sulphated bile acids in faeces. After extraction and preliminary purification, the faecal bile acids are separated by liquid-gel-chromatography (DEAP-Sephadex LH20) into free, conjugated and sulphated bile acids; these are quantitated separately (after solvolysis and hydrolysis), and the individual bile acids are analysed by gas-liquid-chromatography. The validation both of the individual analysis steps and the overall procedure by adding bile acid standards to the faecal homogenates showed a good reproducibility and a reliable separation of non-sulphated and sulphated bile acids. Using the described method, the excretion of total faecal bile acids in 15 control subjects was 3.85 mg/g dry stool, consisting of 10.4% primary bile acids and 89.6% secondary bile acids. 92.9% of faecal bile acids were in the free form, only 2.7% in the conjugated form, and 4.4% as sulphated bile acids.

Bile Acids and Salts↗
PubMed1983

[The toxic shock syndrome in male patients].

The toxic shock syndrome was observed in two young men (16 and 22 years). In one it occurred after a purulent scraping wound of the skin, in the other two days after an operation with seemingly normal wound conditions. All findings returned to normal in both patients after about five weeks. The syndrome of toxic shock can occur, regardless of age and sex, in Staphylococcus aureus infections of various kinds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[The frequency of gallstones in liver cirrhosis (author's transl)].

Out of 11 840 autopsies from 1940-1975 697 cases with cirrhosis of the liver were found. The percentages of gallstone disease in these cases was analyzed as compared to non - cirrhotic controls. 21,5% of cirrhotic patients had cholelithiasis versus 16,5% in the controls (p less than 0,001). In women 35,2% of cirrhotics versus 26,3% (p less than 0,01) and in men 16,2% versus 10,8% (p less than 0,001) were found with gallstones. Including cases with cholecystectomies the frequencies was 22,8% for cirrhosis and 19,9% for controls (men 16,9% versus 12,9%, women 37,7% versus 33,6%). These differences were not significant. The female to male ratio for the frequency of cholelithiasis was found to be 2,2 : 1 and was not altered as compared to be controls. In cirrhotic and control patients the frequency of cholelithiasis increased steadily with each decade of age, again more in women than in men. A tendency to higher frequencies for gallstones in cirrhotic patients was found from the 5th decade onwards, but this was not statistically significant.

Adult↗