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Biomedical subjects

N C Lakshmaiah

Publications and source records attributed to N C Lakshmaiah.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Insect wing conjunctival granuloma.

PURPOSE: To report a case of conjunctival granuloma formation in response to lodgment of an insect wing. METHOD: Case report and review of the literature. RESULTS Granuloma formation in the conjunctiva can occur following lodgment of an insect wing. This can cause the patient chronic redness, discharge, and discomfort. CONCLUSIONS: Small foreign bodies with relatively little mass and large surface area can evade the normal protective mechanisms for removal of a foreign body and give rise to a chronic inflammatory response.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed2001

The trabecular meshwork in acute and chronic angle closure glaucoma.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of acute and chronic primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) on the trabecular meshwork. METHODS: Trabecular specimens of 16 consecutive patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG)--6 acute PACG eyes, and 10 chronic PACG eyes without an acute attack--were studied by light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Acute PACG: The trabecular meshwork revealed a generalised oedema and an accumulation of pigment in the widened trabecular spaces and Schlemm's canal. Attenuated trabecular endothelial cells appeared to be devoid of subcellular components. Chronic PACG: In chronic PACG eyes the trabecular architecture had lost its regular arrangement, with fewer and narrower trabecular spaces and fusion of the trabecular beams in areas. There were numerous electron-dense bodies in the trabecular tissues, both within the trabecular beams and in the extracellular spaces, which had a banded fibrillar structure. An overall loss of endothelial cells was noted; the remaining cells were crowded together and were polymorphic. Melanin pigment was present both within the stroma and in the endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: Pigment accumulation in the trabecular spaces and within the cells and a noninflammatory degeneration appeared to be the primary changes in the trabecular meshwork after acute angle closure glaucoma. In chronic PACG eyes, there was evidence of loss of endothelial cells and reactive repair processes. These changes were present in areas away from visible peripheral anterior synechiae. A gonioscopic evaluation of the extent of peripheral anterior synechiae alone may not reflect the extent of trabecular meshwork damage in acute and chronic PACG. Patients experiencing an acute attack of PACG require a long-term follow up, because the intraocular pressure (IOP) may rise later, due to ongoing changes compromising the outflow facility, or due to the effects of aging in the trabecular meshwork.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Ocular parameters in the subgroups of angle closure glaucoma.

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to compare anatomical parameters, thought to be responsible for causing angle closure glaucoma (ACG), among eyes having acute, subacute or chronic ACG. METHODS: Ninety consecutive patients diagnosed with a subgroup of ACG, and 30 age, sex and refraction matched controls, provided a total of 240 eyes for a prospective study. The refractive error, corneal diameter, keratometry, pachymetry, lens thickness and axial length were measured and the relative lens position was calculated. The data were analysed by paired t-test, ANOVA, signed rank test and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Acute ACG eyes were mildly hyperopic. All the ACG subgroups had similarly short eyeballs and a steeper corneal curvature compared to control eyes. Acute ACG lenses were thicker than all the other groups (P < 0.001), but all ACG eyes had thicker lenses than the controls. Corneal diameters and anterior chamber depths were decreased in acute and chronic ACG eyes compared with subacute ACG and controls (P < 0.001). The uninvolved fellow eyes in each subgroup differed from affected eyes only in having more posteriorly positioned lenses. CONCLUSIONS: There was a spectrum of anatomical variations seen in the subgroups of ACG. Acute ACG eyes expressed an extreme shift of anatomical features away from normal, especially, smaller corneal diameters, leading to a large mobile lens in an already crowded anterior segment. This predisposed them to a severe relative pupillary block, and to a form of ciliary block glaucoma. Chronic ACG eyes were less divergent from normal and therefore could have suffered a milder form of the same kind of angle closure, but over a more prolonged period. Subacute ACG eyes deviated least from controls, and therefore exhibited mild signs and spontaneous resolution. Further work is required to elucidate completely the pathophysiology that leads to ACG.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed2000

Osseous choristoma of the choroid.

Osseous choristoma of the choroid, also called choroidal osteoma, is a very rare and unusual form of intraocular ossification. We report a case of choroidal osteoma in a young healthy male that to the best of our knowledge is the first report from India.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Surgical removal of a free floating cyst of the iris pigment epithelium causing disturbing visual symptoms.

Pigmented cysts in the anterior chamber, fixed or free floating, are considered to be unusual but not very infrequent. However, most of these cases usually do not need any treatment other than a periodic observation. We report the surgical removal of an iris pigment epithelial cyst floating freely in the anterior chamber. The reason for surgical removal was, disturbance in near vision being caused by movement of the cyst across the visual axis. This specific symptom of disturbed near vision, to the best of our knowledge, is a rare indication for surgery that has not been pointed out earlier. Histopathological confirmation of the clinical diagnosis was also obtained.

Adult↗