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Biomedical subjects

N C Roberts

Publications and source records attributed to N C Roberts.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Vibrio gastroenteritis in Louisiana: a prospective study among attendees of a scientific congress in New Orleans.

The incidence of diarrhea associated with infection by Vibrio species was investigated among attendees at the 1986 Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy held in New Orleans. Twelve percent of respondents reported diarrhea; the risk of diarrhea was significantly higher in those who ate raw or cooked oysters (relative risk = 1.5, P = .005). At least one Vibrio species was recovered from 51 (11%) of 479 persons submitting stool specimens; however, only 15 (29%) of those with a positive stool culture also reported diarrhea. Of the five Vibrio species identified, V. parahaemolyticus was most common and was most strongly associated with diarrhea. V. cholerae serogroup O1 was not isolated despite the occurrence of a cholera outbreak during the same time period in Louisiana. Cultures of raw and cooked seafood served in local restaurants yielded five different Vibrio species. Although asymptomatic passage of Vibrio organisms was common among persons eating seafood, the risk of Vibrio gastroenteritis was low.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Corrective cosmetics adjunctive to the fields of ophthalmology and plastic surgery.

An effective, stable cosmetic cover creme useful for ophthalmologists is presented. In a series of 52 patients, there was a high degree of patient acceptance. If properly used, the creme is effective and involves minimal risk because it has been subjected to sensitivity, photosensitivity, comedogenic, and sun blocking tests. The author recommends this camouflage creme for adjunctive use.

Acne Vulgaris↗
PubMed1988

Corrective cosmetics-need, evaluation and use.

A comprehensive discussion of the need for, history, evaluation, and use of corrective cosmetics should also address image and its psychological impact, the attributes of an effective and acceptable concealer, and the methods of application.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Molecular epidemiology of non-O1 Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio mimicus in the U.S. Gulf Coast region.

Ten toxigenic Vibrio cholerae non-O1 and V. mimicus strains isolated from clinical and environmental sources in the U.S. Gulf Coast region were examined for genetic relatedness. Restriction digest patterns of chromosomal DNA and Southern blot analysis with a cholera toxin gene probe revealed that the strains exhibited greater genetic divergence than the highly conserved V. cholerae O1 strains isolated from clinical and sewage samples in this region.

Cholera Toxin↗
PubMed1983

Broth medium for enrichment of Vibrio fluvialis from the environment.

A medium was designed for the enrichment and enumeration of Vibrio fluvialis from environmental samples. The medium contains 1% peptone plus 4% sodium chloride and 5 micrograms of novobiocin per ml, pH 8.5. This V. fluvialis enrichment medium (FEM) was tested, in comparison with alkaline peptone (AP), in field samplings. A total of 177 samples (estuarine waters and sediment, sewage, and crabs) collected over a 14-month period were examined with FEM and with AP broth. Results showed that FEM was more effective than AP in detecting V. fluvialis, particularly from water and sewage samples with low salinities (less than 6%). The best recovery of V. fluvialis occurred when both enrichment media were used simultaneously.

Brachyura↗
PubMed1983

Presumptive identification of Vibrio species with H antiserum.

Species in the genus Vibrio exhibit flagellar (H) antigens unique to the species. Thus, species-specific H antiserum could be a valuable reagent with which to screen serologically large numbers of Vibrio isolates. Antisera against V. cholerae, V. fluvialis, V. anguillarum, V. metschnikovii, V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and V. vulnificus H antigens was produced in rabbits by repeated injections of Formalin-preserved whole cells. Anti-O activity and anti-H activity against common H antigens was absorbed from each antiserum, V. fluvialis was shown to possess an H antigen unique to the species and also to share minor H antigens with V. cholerae, V. metschnikovii, and V. anguillarum. V. vulnificus also exhibits a species-unique H antigen. A comprehensive serological screening system based on species-specific H antiserum was developed to identify pathogenic Vibrio species one step beyond primary isolation. Vibrio species were correctly identified with accuracies ranging from 93 to 100%. Some isolates were either nonmotile or poorly so and thus did not flocculate in H antiserum.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1982

Molecular epidemiology of Vibrio cholerae in the U.S. Gulf Coast.

Enterotoxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae O-1, biotype El Tor, isolated from a case of cholera in Texas in 1973, an outbreak of cholera in Louisiana in 1978, and Louisiana sewage samples in 1980 and 1981 were analyzed for their genetic similarities. Chromosomal DNA was isolated from each strain, digested with restriction endonuclease, and analyzed by the Southern blot technique. A radioactive probe consisting of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin DNA detected cholera toxin gene sequences in these strains and demonstrated that the toxin gene sequence, if not the entire chromosomal DNA, is identical in these strains and distinctly different from other strains of V. cholerae isolated throughout the world. In addition, two strains of enterotoxigenic V. cholerae non-O-1 isolated from clinical cases, were analyzed and found to possess cholera toxin genes which differed in the DNA sequence from the V. cholerae O-1 strains. We concluded that a single strain of enterotoxigenic V. cholerae O-1 is resident in the U.S. Gulf Coast and that a second reservoir of cholera toxin genes exists in V. cholerae non-O-1 strains in Louisiana.

Cholera↗