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N Capozza

Publications and source records attributed to N Capozza.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

How prenatal ultrasound can affect the treatment of ureterocele in neonates and children.

Prenatal ultrasound has set the stage for new trends in the diagnosis and treatment of many urinary tract malformations, in particular duplication of the renal collecting system with ureterocele. The authors have reviewed their experience with 41 ureteroceles in 7 years. The 36 patients were divided into two groups: those with prenatal diagnosis and subsequent early treatment (group A, 14 cases), and those with diagnosis later after birth (group B, 27 cases) showing various degrees of renal impairment as assessed by a 99Tc-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid scan. The surgical approach carried out on the patients of each group with particular regard to the endoscopic incision of the ureterocele as the treatment of choice, especially in neonatal period, is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1989

[Urinary incontinence in children: etiopathogenesis and clinical aspects].

Urinary incontinence can only be considered a disease after a child has completely acquired spinal mechanisms of vesico-sphincteric nervous control. This normally happens for the majority of children between two and two-and-a-half years of age regarding voluntary daytime control, while complete night-time control is obtained in 90% of cases within the fourth year. By urinary incontinence we mean an involuntary leak of urine through the bladder neck. This can vary from an occasional leakage consisting of a few drops to a continuous and uncontrollable stream of urine. From 1981 to 1986 we evaluated, in the Pediatric Urological Service at Bambino Gesù Hospital, Rome, 426 children suffering from urinary incontinence. According to the etiology we divided the patients into two large groups: 1) patients with incontinence due to anatomic causes 56 (13%); 2) patients with incontinence due to dysfunctional causes 370 (87%).

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Role of prenatal diagnosis in the treatment of congenital obstructive megaureter in a solitary kidney.

Congenital megaureter in a solitary kidney (CMSK) is a life-threatening disease. From January 1988 to December 1993, we treated 9 patients for CMSK (2 cases with unilateral renal dysplasia and 7 with unilateral renal agenesis). In 7 cases, the malformation was detected by prenatal ultrasonography and urological counseling. The ages at first postnatal observation ranged from 24 h to 5 years (mean = 8 months). The postnatal urological workup included: serum renal function screening, urinary system ultrasonography, a micturition cystogram, intravenous pyelography and a nuclear renal scan. The therapy of choice was decided on the basis of renal function. One emergency divertive procedure was performed after birth, in 3 cases of renal failure in the first 2 weeks of life. The remaining cases were operated electively at an average age of 20 months. In 2 cases that underwent delayed surgical elective correction and in 1 of the 3 cases that underwent an emergency diversion, some degree of renal failure still persists. In our opinion, prenatal diagnosis, accurate postnatal urological workup and strict postoperative follow-up are fundamental to avoid the devastating consequences of CMSK on the affected child.

Female↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Total agenesis of the sacrum and neurogenic bladder dysfunction].

Total Sacral Agenesis (TSA) is a rare congenital anomaly of the lower vertebral column, frequently associated with bladder dysfunction. The diagnosis is often delayed until the evidence of neurological disorders addresses at neuro-radiological examination. In the last 9 years we observed 7 children, 3 males and 4 females, with TSA. The average age at diagnosis was 8 years (range: 1-15 years). Maternal diabetes was present only in one case. In 5 patients, urological ones have been the symptoms of presentation. In one case, TSA has been discovered because of the presence of a sacral mass (lipoma) and the subsequent development of club-foot. The neurological screening, performed in all patients with anorectal anomalies, led to the diagnosis of total sacral agenesis in a child with anteriorized anus. All patients have been evaluated by means of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, renal ultrasound, voiding cystography, renal nuclear scan and urodynamics. The functional evaluation of the lower urinary tract has shown a pattern of neurogenic bladder dysfunction in all children, while bilateral vesico-ureteral reflux has been detected in 2 cases. Intermittent clean catheterization (ICC) has been instituted at the diagnosis in all children. Surgery for continence and protection of upper urinary tract (bladder augmentation and bilateral ureteral reimplantation) has been performed in one patient. At a medium follow-up of 3 years (range: 1-5 years) 2 patients have been lost, normal renal function and urinary continence have been achieved in 4 and one child is continent but has renal failure. An early diagnosis and a correct neuro-urological evaluation and treatment are necessary to prevent urinary tract damage and achieve urinary continence in these patients. Symptoms, clinical findings and relationship with maternal diabetes are discussed. The diagnosis can be enough early if physicians pay attention to maternal diabetes, subtle neurological symptoms (voiding disturbance, constipation, club-foot) and careful physical examination of the back.

Adolescent↗