Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Carroll.
We developed two additions to a new system of microsurgery for corneal cutting and grafting: a 10-mm contact lens corneal cutter and a stereotaxic donor disk chuck and frame.
Tissue cultures were established from 6 retinoblastomas and the cultured cells examined by scanning electron microscopy. Cells from cultures of normal fetal retinal and glial tissue were also examined by SEM. Though a number of different cell types were found to coexist in the retinoblastoma cultures, most had the features of cells of either glial or neuronal origin. Evidence of further differentiation of cells in each series was seen. These findings indicate that the cell of origin in retinoblastoma is a multipotential stem cell which, though neoplastic, is still capable of differentiation into both glial and neuronal series.
Iliac osteomyelitis was diagnosed, in many cases after considerable delay, in twenty (2.3 per cent) of 867 children with hematogenous osteomyelitis. In ten patients coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus was identified. The symptoms and signs of iliac osteomyelitis depend on the direction of spread of the inflammation. The children presented with one of these syndromes: gluteal, abdominal, or lumbar disc. The diagnosis can be established early be careful physical examination: manual compression of the pelvis produces pain on the affected side, and palpation reveals tenderness over over the site of infection. The inflammatory process can be located even in early cases on a bone scan with radioactive technetium. When diagnosed early, the infection can be cured with intensive intravenous antibiotic therapy alone.
After preliminary testing with pig, dog, rabbit, monkey, cat, and human cadaver eyes the CLCC system has been used for penetrating and lamellar keratoplasty in human subjects. Clinical experience covers a broad range of corneal pathology. Detailed operative instructions and observations are given. In the experimental situation the CLCC is being used to achieve deep lamellar corneal dissection for a continuing study of non-penetrating keratoplasty.
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Sixty-eight patients born with a myelomeningocele were studied in the second and third decades of their lives. All of them had had some orthopaedic surgery, an orthotic program, and other specialized medical and paramedical services. In the group with sacral-level lesions, half were community ambulators; in the group with lower lumbar lesions, a third; in the group with upper lumbar lesions, a tenth; and in the group with thoracic-level lesions, none. The most important factors that determine the ambulatory status of a child with myelomeningocele, besides the level of the lesion, are the motor power within a given neurosegmental level and the extent and degree of orthopaedic deformities.
We have evaluated a new, hand-held, electronic device to measure maximal respiratory pressures, and compared its performance in normal subjects against two pre-existing methods. This new device produces accurate, reproducible results and has the advantages of easy use and portability, which allow it to be used at the patient's bedside, outpatient clinic or pulmonary function laboratory.