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Biomedical subjects

N Chouri-Pontarollo

Publications and source records attributed to N Chouri-Pontarollo.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2005

[Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome].

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by recurrent total or partial upper airway collapse during sleep. Although this disease affects more than 5% of general population, it remains largely undiagnosed. It is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk and with a decrease in sustained attention that may cause automobile accidents or occupational injuries. Several simplified diagnostic tools (polysomnography) now allow easier diagnosis in a sleep laboratory or on an outpatient basis. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure remains the reference treatment, acting as a pneumatic splint that maintains airway patency. CPAP is effective in reducing daytime somnolence and controlling cardiovascular risk. Prosthetic management is an alternative to CPAP in cases of moderate sleep apnea with or without retrognathism in normal-weight patients. The effectiveness of surgery has not been proven, and it is indicated only in exceptional cases.

Humans↗
PubMed2005

[Alveolar hypoventilation during sleep and domiciliary assisted ventilation].

INTRODUCTION: An alveolar hypoventilation physiologically occurs during sleep and more specifically during REM sleep. STATE OF THE ART: During obstructive chronic respiratory failures, increases in PaCO2 that are associated with REM sleep can participate to the severity of daytime hypercapnia and in a subgroup of patients lead to an indication of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in association with the long-term oxygen therapy. A REM sleep hypoventilation generally appears during the early course of restrictive chronic respiratory failures. This REM sleep hypoventilation represents one of the most frequent reasons for initiating NIV in restrictive respiratory insufficiencies. Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) refers to a hypercapnic chronic respiratory failure in which REM sleep hypoventilation is one of the main determinants. In France, in 2004, OHS is the primary chronic respiratory failure leading to at home NIV. NIV on OHS aims to maintain upper airway patency as sleep apnoea is frequently associated and to allow sufficient alveolar ventilation during REM sleep. PERSPECTIVES: Thus, sleep alveolar hypoventilation should be systematically assessed in obese patients and during the time curse evolution of all the chronic respiratory failures. This can be done relatively easily by using nocturnal oximetry concurrently with a transcutaneous PCO2 measurement. CONCLUSION: The understanding of exact mechanisms underlying abnormal respiratory events occurring during sleep allows optimising adjustments in NIV parameters.

Chronic Disease↗