Biomedical subjects
N D Holmquist
Publications and source records attributed to N D Holmquist.
The delayed diagnosis of invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.
While an effective method of screening for uterine cervical cancer is available, utilization of that method has been less than satisfactory in the high-risk indigent population of Louisiana. From 1984 through 1987, 171 new cases of invasive squamous cell carcinoma and 149 new cases of squamous carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix were examined and/or treated at the Charity Hospital of Louisiana in New Orleans. In the 1984 group, 23 patients of the invasive and no patients of the in situ group died, giving a 5-year survival of 43% and 100% respectively. During the 4 years in question, 84 (49%) patients in the invasive group and 2 (1.3%) in the in situ group had no record of having had a previous cervical cytologic examination. Participation by nongynecology staff physicians, nurses, and nurse's aides in the charity hospitals and clinics in New Orleans and throughout the state could possibly remedy this problem.
Fine-needle aspiration by vacuum tubes.
Fine-needle aspiration of subcutaneous masses, accepted in many parts of Europe and the Americas as a routine diagnostic technique, employs a syringe holder to facilitate the creation of a vacuum to withdraw cells. This investigation demonstrates that a vacuum tube used in venipuncture can be used to supply the negative pressure to suck cells into the needle. This apparatus is more readily available than a syringe holder in hospitals and clinics, and particularly provides the operator with a more dexterous approach to the mass because the fingers holding the needle can be much closer to the mass being immobilized by the other hand.
Detection of urinary tract cancer in urinalysis specimens in an outpatient population.
This investigation was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of detecting urinary tract cancer in an outpatient population utilizing the urinalysis sediment. A total of 9870 urinalysis wet preparations was examined on patients from various clinics serviced by the clinical microscopy laboratories. One hundred forty-eight of these examinations were considered to be abnormal (1.5%). Follow-up urine specimens from the patients with atypical wet preparations examined in the cytology laboratory by the permanent procedure were obtained from 100 patients (68% return rate). Histopathologic follow-up studies revealed 12 of the original abnormal wet preparations had histologic evidence of cancer. Such a high pick up rate (1.2 per 1000) suggests that this examination for cancer is a valuable additional part of urinalysis.
Association of Herpes simplex virus (HSV) with cervical cancer by lymphocyte reactivity with HSV-1 and HSV-2 antigens.
Twenty-six women with invasive cervical cancer were examined for lymphocyte responsiveness to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) herpes simplex virus (HSV). Blood specimens were obtained from each patient before radiation therapy and separated into subpopulations by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation. Lymphocytes were cultured in RPMI-1640 containing autologous plasma and exposed to PHA, HSV-1, HSV-2, and control antigens. The results compared with those of women having negative Papanicolaou smears and matched to the cancer patients by age, race, and socioeconomic class revealed significant differences in blastogenic response (3H-thymidine) to HSV-2 antigens. Results from groups with known HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections indicated that differences were associated with the cancer patients having a higher frequency of HSV-2 infection. Results generally agreed with the findings of previous studies in which serologic test procedures were used.
Diagnostic cytology of the urinary tract.
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A consideration of substitutes for alum hematoxylin in routine histologic and cytologic diagnostic procedures.
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A postmortem study of cerebrospinal fluid with histologic correlation.
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Evaluation of superficial and intermediate cell dyskaryosis by colposcopy.
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Vaginal and cervical cytologic changes following laser treatment.
Carbon dioxide laser treatment is a very effective mode of removal of small fragments of tissue from the cervix which causes minimal bleeding and trauma and is followed by rapid healing. Biopsy sections and particularly cytologic preparations obtained from the areas of laser action indicate that squamous and columnar epithelial cells and possibly fibrocytes in the underlying connective tissue are altered, appearing coagulated and elongated similar to cells which have been removed from an area of electrocautery.
Malignant melanoma of the cervix. Report of a case.
A malignant melanoma of the cervix, a rare neoplasm, was found to have an unusual cytologic pattern, similar to that of a leiomyosarcoma. A biopsy sample was diagnosed as cervical malignant melanoma of the spindle cell type. Some neoplastic cells in the tissue contained melanin pigment, whereas none of the abnormal cells in the cervical scrapes, except for an abnormal giant cell, had visible cytoplasmic pigment. The abnormal cells in the cervical scrape specimen were spindle-shaped, as were their nuclei, which is why the cytologic pattern was interpreted as that of a leiomyosarcoma. Evidence from this and previously reported cases shows that malignant melanoma must be considered as a possible source of exfoliated abnormal nonpigmented spindle-shaped cells in a cervicovaginal cell sample.
Screening a hospital population for urinary tract cancer.
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Cytologic diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolus. Report of a case.
This paper reports a case of a primigravid woman with the presumptive diagnosis of amniotic fluid embolus who had a blood sample aspirated from the right heart. The blood specimen was sent to the cytology laboratory, processed and then examined for squames and lanugo. The laboratory procedure and results are described.
"Squamous atypia" of the uterine cervix.
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