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N Dainiak

Publications and source records attributed to N Dainiak.

80 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: presence in bone marrow and peripheral blood of cells that suppress erythropoiesis in vitro.

The pathogenesis of the anemia associated with malignancy was investigated in a patient with T cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The plasma clot culture system was used as a measure in vitro of erythropoiesis. The patient's peripheral blood and marrow T lymphocytes obtained both before and after transfusion therapy suppressed erythroid colony formation by normal human bone marrow cells. Pretreatment of the patient's bone marrow T cells by antithymocyte globulin (ATG) and complement reversed this suppression. In addition, pretreatment of the patient's marrow cells with ATG and complement markedly augmented erythropoiesis in vitro. The expression of erythroid activity caused by the selective destruction of the suppressor T lymphocytes in the patient's bone marrow with ATG and the suppression of normal erythropoiesis by the patient's bone marrow and peripheral blood lymphocytes suggest that interaction between the malignant T cell and the erythropoietin-responsive stem cell is important in production of anemia in this patient.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Peripheral blood stem cell transfusion for marrow replacement.

A patient is presented who was treated with ablative therapy for Hodgkin's disease and rescued by reinfusion of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). The PBSC were used because previous therapy (chemotherapy and radiation to the pelvis) had resulted in fatty hypocellular marrow which was inadequate for marrow transplantation. The PBSC were collected by leukapheresis before and after recovery of the marrow from suppression with cyclophosphamide to bring the stem cells into cohort cycle and to increase the proportion of stem cells in the peripheral blood for collection. The patient showed a successful recovery on a time scale somewhat longer cells administered, the absence of stimulation by granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor or other cytokine, or potential damage done to stromal elements during previous radiation and chemotherapy. The patient remains in clinical complete remission, fully engrafted, more than one year since his autologous transplant.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Feline preleukemia: an animal model of human disease.

In man, hematologic abnormalities precede the development of acute myeloblastic leukemia in about one-third of individuals. This preleukemic state may represent a stage of adult leukemia wherein small numbers of leukemic cells are present and the normal marrow stem cell compartment has not been seriously compromised. A syndrome resembling human preleukemia occurs in cats infected with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). This disorder is characterized by anemia, leukopenia or thrombocytopenia occurring weeks or months prior to the development of feline acute leukemia. The natural occurrence of this syndrome in this domestic animal population makes it a potential model of human preleukemia. Initial poor results of therapy of human preleukemia presently prohibit one from carrying out controlled trials with chemotherapeutic agents in such a group of patients. Preliminary trials with chemo- and/or immunotherapy may be more easily attempted with FeLV infected preleukemic cats.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Variable in vitro erythropoiesis in patients with transient erythroblastopenia of childhood.

Transient erythroblastopenia of childhood (TEC) is a pure red cell aplasia which primarily affects children in the infant and toddler age group. The clinical syndrome of TEC is well defined and is characterized by moderate to severe anemia with reticulocytopenia, selective aplasia of the erythroid bone marrow elements, and spontaneous recovery, usually within a month of presentation. We utilized the plasma clot tissue culture technique to explore the defect of erythropoiesis in seven patients with TEC. Culture of bone marrow at diagnosis in four patients revealed an increased erythroid proliferative capacity in one and a decreased capacity in three. The former patient plus three additional patients were found to have a transient serum inhibitor of erythroid colony formation in autologous and allogeneic systems. The three patients with diminished erythroid proliferative capacity had no demonstrable serum inhibitor, and in one patient studied the erythroid proliferative capacity became supernormal after recovery. We conclude that although TEC has a characteristic clinical picture, in vitro studies reveal a variable expression of the erythropoietic defect and support the hypothesis of a heterogeneous pathogenesis of this disorder.

Anemia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The proliferative capacity of pure red cell aplasia bone marrow cells.

Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) is a heterogeneous disorder. Immunologic abnormalities have recently been uncovered suggesting that both cell-mediated and humoral immune mechanisms may be of etiological importance in PRCA. Utilizing a technique for the cloning of bone marrow erythroid precursors, we determined the in vitro proliferative capacity of erythroid cells obtained from 21 patients with PRCA. Bone marrow cells from one group of patients produced normal or increased numbers of erythroid colonies while the in vitro proliferative capacity of bone marrow cells from a second group was characterized by subnormal erythroid colony formation. Sera obtained from the former group was frequently associated with demonstrable serum inhibitors of erythropoiesis, while PRCA in the latter group was probably the consequence of intrinsic erythroid stem cell defects or pathologic cellular interactions with nonerythroid regulatory cells. This survey of a relatively large population of patients with PRCA provides evidence for the multiple causative mechanisms that can be operative in the production of PRCA.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors affecting recovery after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

To determine the factors that might be involved in successful engraftment following administration of autologous peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) obtained by leukapheresis to replace bone marrow after ablation therapy for malignant disease, four patients were examined in detail. One who had had pelvic radiation as well as chemotherapy had a prolonged, gradual but complete recovery. One who received granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) following PBSC infusion showed a rapid recovery phase, but developed high fever (culture negative) associated with arrested hematopoiesis and died with central nervous system (CNS) symptoms after 120 days. Two other patients recovered without major incident. Concentration of PBSC was analyzed by: (1) approximation by counting mononuclear cells (MNC); (2) CD34 cells by flow cytometric analysis; and (3) colony forming units-granulocyte macrophage (CFU-GM) by colony formation in microtiter plates. The time to BM recovery (retics > 1.0 percent, neutrophils > 500 per cumm, platelets > 50,000 per cumm) was determined by following daily counts. Engraftment appeared to depend upon an adequate minimum dose of PBSC, but ultimate recovery of the patient seemed to be determined by ancillary factors, especially CNS infection. These patients illustrate that while rapidity of bone marrow (BM) recovery may be related to PBSC dose, other factors, particularly infection, influence patient outcome.

Adult↗