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Biomedical subjects

N Dalay

Publications and source records attributed to N Dalay.

30 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Detection of HPV 16 and HPV 18 infection in patients with cervical neoplasia.

Definite types of human papillomaviruses (HPV) are considered an etiological factor in the occurrence of cervical carcinoma. Determining the persistence of some HPV types associated with cervical carcinoma is important in defining and following precancerous lesions. The most sensitive method in the determination of these viruses is polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Because of the convenience and the fastness it provides, cytological cervical material is preferred for the analysis. In our study infection with HPV 16 and HPV 18 was investigated in the cervical scrapes of 33 subjects with cervical carcinoma. The DNAs isolated from the samples were amplified by PCR. HPV 16 and HPV 18 types were identified by Southern Blot hybridization. The positivity rates for HPV 16 and HPV 18 in 33 subjects with cervical carcinoma were 54.5% and 45.4%, respectively. The corresponding value in the control group was only 5.5%. PCR combined with Southern Blot is the most sensitive method for scanning programmes and in defining and monitoring the risk groups for developing cervical neoplasia.

Blotting, Southern↗
PubMed1995

The value of TPS in breast cancer.

The serum concentration of the cell proliferation marker TPS (Tissue Polypeptide-Specific Antigen) was compared with 7 different common tumor markers (CEA, CA 12-5, CA 19-9, CA 15-3, ferritin, AFP and beta 2-Microglobulin) in order to assess its practical value in the management of breast cancer. The new monoclonal TPS assay utilizing the specific epitope M3 is used to monitor cell multiplication in cancer patients. The values are not related to tumor burden but rather reflect the tumor proliferation rate. In our study no association was found between the TPS values and the age of the patients and histologic tumor types. Significant correlation was observed between the TPS values and the menopausal status of the patient. The regression analyses between TPS and the other markers did not reveal a correlation. Association between the TPS values and the CA 15-3 was not found. However, strong correlation between CA 15-3 and four other markers was observed. Therefore, it was concluded that TPS can provide additional information when used in combination with CA 15-3.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Diagnostic value of the tumor markers in breast cancer.

The use of the most common tumor markers in breast cancer was reassessed in terms of cost effectiveness and the validity of their predictive information during the evaluation of the patients. Sera from 159 patients were studied. Acceptable diagnostic specificity was found only for CA 15-3. In predicting the presence of metastases the combination of CA 15-3 and CEA was observed to correlate with lymph node metastases. Introduction of MCA did not result in diagnostic improvement. Our results suggest that in practice a diagnostic panel for breast cancer can be confined to CA 15-3 and CEA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The effects of selenium supplementation on antioxidative enzyme activities and plasma and erythrocyte selenium levels.

Plasma and erythrocyte selenium levels in rabbits supplemented with therapeutic doses of selenium were studied by Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a new palladium-ascorbic acid chemical modifier in order to achieve a higher precision. An improved coupled test procedure was used to determine the glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. Superoxide dismutase activities were measured employing a method for the clinical assay of the enzyme. The selenium levels and GSH-Px activities both in the plasma and erythrocytes were higher in the supplemented group when compared to the controls. The SOD activities were increased in the erythrocytes but remained unchanged in the plasma. Or the other hand, a higher copper/zinc ratio was found both in the plasma and erythrocytes of the supplemented group. These findings support the importance of the dietary selenium intake in terms of the principal role of selenium in the cellular antioxidative mechanisms and imply that measurements of plasma selenium levels may be a notable sensitive indicator of the short-term selenium status.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The effects of in vivo selenium supplementation on the amplitude of the spontaneous contractions and the responses to acetylcholine in isolated rabbit ileum.

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of selenium supplementation at a therapeutic level on the isolated ileum contractions and the acetylcholine responses in New Zealand rabbits. While no difference with respect to the controls was found in the spontaneous ileum contraction frequencies a significant increase in the contraction amplitude was noted after 15 days of supplementation. Increasing concentrations of acetylcholine in the perfusion solution resulted in a significant increase of the contraction amplitudes in the supplemented animals as compared to controls. The tissue selenium levels and the gluthathione peroxidase activities were also found significantly higher than the controls. No difference was observed between the contraction numbers in the two groups. These findings indicate that selenium supplementation does not influence the smooth muscle resting potential.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1992

Serum values of CA72.4 in patients with gastrointestinal system tumors comparison with CEA and CA 19.9.

Serum CA 72.4 levels of patients with malignant gastrointestinal disorders (n = 77) were determined in parallel with the CEA and CA 19.9 levels. The values related to healthy individuals were 1.7 U/ml, with a median of 1.7 U/ml, whereas an average of 12.1 U/l (median 2 U/ml) was measured in malignancy. Among all three markers CEA showed the highest positive rate while the values for CA 19.9 and CA 72.4 were lower. Although positive rates among the healthy group were observed with CEA and CA 19.9, no false positives were found with CA 72.4. Elevated CA 72.4 levels were found in 17.6% of patients with gastric carcinoma and 56.3% with colorectal carcinoma. All markers showed significant sensitivity for the malignant state when used alone. However, the regression analysis revealed that only the combination of CA 72.4 and CEA may contribute significantly to the diagnostic potential. Our results indicate that complementation of CEA with CA 72.4 can significantly increase the sensitivity in the serodiagnosis of gastrointestinal system cancers. Combination of positive information from these two sources is likely to lead to a more accurate diagnosis and may therefore improve the efficiency of the follow-up and therapeutic response.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1991

Osteocalcin: a valuable bone metastasis marker.

Osteocalcin (BCG) in an osteoblast product which reflects the bone formation rate. It could be a valuable bone metastasis marker. To investigate this, we measured serum osteocalcin levels by using radioimmunoassay method in 11 healthy subjects and in 79 cancer patients. The cancer patients consisted of 36 non-metastatic, 29 with only bone metastasis and 14 with extraosseous metastases. Significance was found only between bone metastatic patients and non-metastatic patients in both sexes (p. 0.05). There was no significance between non-metastatic patients and patients with other than bone metastases. This study shows that osteocalcin measurements reflect bone formation rates in bone metastasis and could be used as a bone metastasis marker in suspicious cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Binding of protein uH2A and histone H2A to DNA.

The binding properties of protein uH2A and histone H2A to DNA were investigated by filter binding assays. Both proteins revealed similar affinity for native and denatured DNA. Competition with increasing amounts of repetitive and nonrepetitive DNA has shown that protein uH2A binds selectively to nonrepetitive sequences. When poly d(A-T) was used as a competitor, uH2A bound to this polynucleotide with much greater affinity than histone H2A. These findings suggest a selective binding to regulatory A-T rich intergenic sequences in native DNA.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

The effect of cycloheximide on nuclear uH2A content.

The effect of intraperitonal cycloheximide administration on acid-soluble rat liver chromatin proteins has been investigated by electrophoresis in acetic acid-urea polyacrylamide gels. A nonhistone protein, which migrates between oxidized histone H3 and histone H1 has been found to be increased in amount following cycloheximide treatment. This protein seems to be identical with semihistone protein H24 (uH2A). A possible relationship of uH2A to the inhibition of rRNA synthesis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Isolation of protein uH2A using a one step preparative gel electrophoresis.

A one step electrophoretic procedure for the isolation of protein uH2A has been devised which may improve the overall yield. The improvement involves elimination of intermediate steps which might result in the decrease of the yield. The method may serve as an alternate to the conventional methods and can also be used successfully for the isolation of several different proteins.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum selenium and glutathione-peroxidase activities and their interaction with toxic metals in dialysis and renal transplantation patients.

Selenium, aluminum, cadmium, and magnesium concentrations and glutathione-peroxidase activities in sera of 35 healthy individuals, 30 renal transplants, and 30 hemodialysis patients were measured. Serum selenium, aluminum, and cadmium concentrations in both groups of patients were higher than the controls (p less than 0.001), whereas the serum glutathione-peroxidase levels were lower (p less than 0.001). According to our results, it can be concluded that the patients receiving hemodialysis are subjected to more toxic elements than the transplantation patients. These findings imply that dietary selenium supplement may be suggested in renal failure for the detoxification of elements, such as cadmium and mercury. The essential trace element selenium takes part not only in the direct protection of endothelial cells against the accumulation of aggressive oxygen species, but also in the prevention of the toxic effects of cadmium or in the modulation of the active calcium transport.

Adolescent↗