PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N E MILLER

Publications and source records attributed to N E MILLER.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1965

CHEMICAL CODING OF BEHAVIOR IN THE BRAIN.

Distinctive patterns of behavior can be elicited by directly stimulating the brain with substances that are normally found in it, or with synthetic compounds resembling these substances. Recent research shows that the response elicited depends on both the site stimulated and the type of chemical used. Compounds of different classes, applied via the same cannula to exactly the same site in the brain, can elicit different kinds of behavior, or opposite effects on the same kind of behavior. This differential sensitivity is useful in tracing the circuits in the brain that control different types of behavior, especially since some of these circuits are intimately interlaced in certain places. A better understanding of the chemical coding of behavioral systems in the brain may also help ultimately to provide a more rational foundation for the discovery of new drugs to treat certain forms of mental disorder.

Animals↗
PubMed1964

LATERAL HYPOTHALAMIC LESIONS: EFFECTS ON DRINKING ELICITED BY CARBACHOL IN PREOPTIC AREA AND POSTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS.

Lateral hypothalamic lesions in rats caused a pronounced depression of drinking in response to injections of carbachol into the preoptic area or the posterior hypothalamus. After the lesions were induced, daily free water consumption recovered 70 to 80 percent of that of control animals, but there was little, if any, recovery of drinking induced by carbachol.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1963

EFFECTS OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN ON WATER INTAKE, FOOD INTAKE, AND BODY TEMPERATURE IN THE ALBINO RAT.

Intraperitoneal injections of Escherichia coli endotoxin in albino rats produces a decrease in food and water intake and a drop in body temperature. The drop in temperature and in water intake is probably proportional to the size of the dose. Using a behavioral test in which animals are trained to press a bar at a steady rate for intermittent food or water reward, it is possible to demonstrate the sudden onset of the toxin effect at 30 to 45 minutes after injection. In any group of rats, all of whom were presumably exposed to E. coli, three types of response to toxin can be found: (a) Sharp reduction in water intake 30 minutes after injection. (b) Little or no change in intake or rate of working for water reward. (c) Immediate depression of work rate. These three types of reaction appear related to previous experience with the toxin. The "normal" or "inexperienced" reaction a was seen in animals who had not been given toxin before. The "protected" reaction b, with little or no effect of toxin injection on response rate was frequently found 4 to 5 days after a previous injection. The "susceptible" reaction c was found in three animals after 14 or more days had passed since a previous injection. Injections of toxin into the lateral hypothalamic region of four animals through implanted cannulae had no effect on the rate of bar pressing for water. Control injections of lidocaine blocked response rate completely for brief periods in three animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1963

FEAR AND PAIN: THEIR EFFECT ON SELF-INJECTION OF AMOBARBITAL SODIUM BY RATS.

Rats receiving occasional brief electric shocks pressed a bar, which caused them to be injected with amobarbital sodium, more frequently than the control rats to which they were yoked and which were injected when their partners pressed but whose own bar activated only a recorder. This differential effect was not shown by pairs run without shocks.

Amobarbital↗