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Biomedical subjects

N Ellison

Publications and source records attributed to N Ellison.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Platelet function during cardiac operation: comparison of membrane and bubble oxygenators.

The effects of cardiopulmonary bypass with bubble and membrane oxygenator systems on platelet function were studied in 26 patients who had elective coronary arterial bypass grafts. Fourteen patients were perfused with spiral coil membrane oxygenator systems, 12 with bubble oxygenator systems. During and after bypass, platelet counts decreased in both groups; however, when corrected for dilution, platelet counts did not change significantly in patients perfused with membrane oxygenators and increased slightly but significantly in those perfused with membrane oxygenators and increased slightly but significantly in those perfused with bubble oxygenator systems. During and 1 hour after bypass, the concentration of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) required to cause complete aggregation increased in both groups. Plasma low affinity platelet factor 4 (LA-PF4) increased significantly during and after bypass in both groups. However, the concentration of platelet adenine nucleotides and LA-PF4, measured only in patients perfused with membrane oxygenator systems, did not change. Bleeding times increased postoperatively in both groups and 18 hour blood losses were similar. Cardiopulmonary bypass with membrane and bubble oxygenator systems causes qualitatively similar losses in sensitivity to ADP and similar increases in bleeding times. The mechanism by which platelets are altered during cardiopulmonary bypass in obscure but is not due to partial depletion of granule contents in patients perfused with membrane oxygenators.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1982

Publications resulting from anesthesia meeting abstracts.

Of 55 abstracts presented at the 1979 annual meeting of the International Anesthesia Research Society (I.A.R.S.) 24 (43.6%) and of 62 abstracts presented at the 1980 annual meeting of the I.A.R.S. 25 (40.3%) were published by July 1, 1981. Of 324 abstracts presented at the 1978 annual meeting of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (A.S.A.) 98 papers (30.1%) were published by January 1, 1981. Eighty-two percent of the I.A.R.S. meeting papers and 66.7% of the A.S.A. papers were published in anesthesia journals, and the rest of the papers appeared in publications representing a variety of other disciplines. The average lag time between publication of the abstract and publication as an article was 8.2 months for I.A.R.S. abstracts and 12.2 months for A.S.A. abstracts. By July 1, 1981, four 1979 I.A.R.S. abstracts were filed in Science Citation Index (SCI) as cited reference and by January 1, 1981, fifty-six 1979 A.S.A. abstracts were filed.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1981

Monitoring heparin anticoagulation and its neutralization.

Heparin anticoagulation and its neutralization were monitored by three different techniques: a manual protamine titration, an automated activated coagulation time, and an automated protamine titration. All three techniques provided satisfactory information. The decision of which to use must be based on other considerations such as available manpower and cost of equipment. The effect of using the automated protamine titration test on heparin and protamine requirements, and on blood loss measured intraoperatively after bypass and in overnight chest bottle drainage in two groups of comparable patients undergoing coronary artery bypass operation was studied. The heparin requirements were similar (24,420 +/- 584 units, control group; 23,550 +/- 849 units, treatment group), but the protamine requirements were markedly different (429 +/- 14.7 mg, control; 258 +/- 10.4 mg, treatment; p < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in intraoperative blood loss or overnight chest bottle drainage.

Autoanalysis↗
PubMed1981

CPR training.

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Education, Medical, Continuing↗
PubMed1981

Guide wires--a caution.

Popularity of the Seldinger technique of vascular cannulation has resulted in widespread use of spring guide wires. Though employed to make vascular cannulation easier and safer, guide wires are not without potential hazard. The review of guide wire design presented gives the operator an awareness of the potential problems inherent in their use. Three observed complications are described and suggestions are given for enhancement of utility and safety.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1981

Heparin rebound.

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Blood Coagulation Tests↗
PubMed1980

Bradykinin, plasma protein fraction, and hypotension.

A directive from the Food and Drug Administration indicates that the use of plasma protein fraction (PPF) is contraindicated during cardiopulmonary bypass because of possible hypotension. Bradykinin has been implicated as the cause of this hypotension. Bradykinin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay in PPF and in 5% albumin and were found to be consistently elevated in the former and occasionally in the latter. The addition of PPF to pump primes resulted in significantly elevated levels of bradykinin, which rapidly cleared, indicating that extrapulmonary sites of bradykinin inactivation were efficient. The potential hypotensive effect of PPF was observed by determining the change in mean perfusion pressure in two groups of patients: one group with a 3,000 ml crystalloid prime and the other with a prime of 2,000 ml of crystalloid and 1,000 ml of PPF. There was no significant difference in the perfusion pressure between the two groups at any point, and the hypotensive effects seen in both groups were readily treated, suggesting that the directive against the use of PPF during cardiopulmonary bypass may be unnecessarily restrictive.

Albumins↗