Biomedical subjects

N F Vilar

Publications and source records attributed to N F Vilar.

3 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Prevalence of usual-corrected distance visual acuity impairment in Hispanic and non-Hispanic children and adolescents.

Data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I were analysed to determine the prevalence of visual acuity impairment among US Hispanics and non-Hispanics aged 6-19 years. The prevalence of 20/30 or worse distance visual acuity with usual or habitual correction ranged from 10.8% in non-Hispanic whites to 19.1% in Puerto Ricans. Puerto Rican boys aged 13-19 years had significantly greater rates of moderate or greater impairment (20/70 or worse) than 6-12-year-old Puerto Rican boys (5.7% vs. 0.7%). The prevalence of visual impairment was generally greater in girls than in boys. Assessment and comparison of refractive error and eye disease prevalence rates are necessary in future studies to determine factors influencing prevalence of visual acuity impairment in children.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1997

Removal of retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification reverses secondary glaucoma and restores visual acuity.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of vitrectomy on secondary glaucoma and visual acuity outcomes in patients with retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 126 patients who had vitrectomy for retained lens fragments after phacoemulsification during the 3-year period between January 1, 1993, and December 31, 1995. RESULTS: Glaucoma, defined as an intraocular pressure of greater than or equal to 30 mmHg, occurred in 42 (36.8%) of 114 patients before vitrectomy and in 4 patients (3.2%) of 126 after vitrectomy. There were no differences in the rates of persistent glaucoma regardless of the intervals between cataract surgery and the vitrectomy: less than or equal to 1 week, 2 patients (4.1%); greater than 1 week to less than or equal to 4 weeks, 1 patient (2.5%) and greater than 4 weeks, 1 patient (2.6%). The visual acuity was 20/40 or better in 13 patients (11.4%) before vitrectomy and in 75 patients (59.5%) after vitrectomy. The rates of visual acuity 20/40 or better also were similar for all intervals: less than or equal to 1 week, 29 patients (59.2%); greater than 1 week to less than or equal to 4 weeks, 22 patients (56.4%) and greater than 4 weeks, 24 patients (63.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Vitrectomy for removal of retained lens fragments reduces secondary glaucoma and yields favorable visual acuity outcomes. In eyes with elevated intraocular pressure, early vitrectomy generally is recommended, but delayed vitrectomy also has favorable outcomes.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Blindness from bad bones.

Progressive visual loss is the most common neurologic finding in osteopetrosis. Several mechanisms may explain this phenomenon, including compression of the optic nerves caused by bony overgrowth of the optic canals and retinal degeneration. We report a child with osteopetrosis and progressive visual loss, even though patent optic canals were demonstrated by computed tomography and digital holography. This patient's visual loss was caused by increased intracranial pressure secondary, to obstruction of cerebral venous outflow at the jugular foramen. This case points to the importance of a full evaluation of the skull base foramina in the diagnostic workup of visual loss in patients with osteopetrosis.

Blindness↗