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Biomedical subjects

N Frude

Publications and source records attributed to N Frude.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Stress, coping styles, and hopelessness in self-poisoners.

This study examined the association between level of hopelessness with stress and coping style for a sample of 80 people who had recently attempted suicide. Higher levels of hopelessness were found to be associated with higher levels of stress. Level of hopelessness was also associated with the use of problem-focused but not with emotion-focused coping. Analyses of the interaction between stress and coping style suggested that these variables influence the level of hopelessness in an independent and linear fashion. The implications for clinical intervention are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1991

Bittering agents in the prevention of accidental poisoning: children's reactions to denatonium benzoate (Bitrex).

The responses of young children to Denatonium Benzoate (Bitrex) were observed, in order to assess the potential of this bittering agent in the prevention of accidental poisoning. Thirty-three children aged 17-36 months were offered orange juice containing Bitrex (in a concentration of 10 parts per million). Of the 30 children who took some of this juice, only seven were willing to take more than 10 gm. A variety of negative verbal and non-verbal responses were noted. It is suggested that the highly unpalatable nature of Bitrex makes this compound a useful additive that could well prevent accidental poisoning from household products of mild to moderate toxicity.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1991

The psychological benefit of orthodontic treatment. Its relevance to dental health education.

In March 1989 the third stage of a major longitudinal survey examining the psychological, social and dental effects of malocclusion and the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment was undertaken. The aim of the research was to assess the benefit of receiving dental treatment with a particular interest in orthodontic treatment. The benefits investigated were dental, psychological and social. The project has involved researchers in several professional disciplines from locations in Britain and Europe.

Child↗
PubMed1989

An evaluation of the psychological and social effects of malocclusion: some implications for dental policy making.

Initial findings are reported from a longitudinal study investigating the effects of malocclusion on dental health and psychological well-being and the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment. Implicit in the orthodontic intervention decision process is the view that there are discernible social and psychological benefits of good occlusion. This view has not been adequately validated. The primary psychological question addressed by this study concerns the relationship between adolescents' orthodontic status and their psychological status and well-being. Empirical evidence allowed an examination of the major hypothesis that children with poor occlusion are likely to be socially and psychologically disadvantaged. Ratings of dental status and physical attractiveness, and measures of psychosocial well-being were obtained for sample of 1018, 11-12-year-old children and the associations between these variables were examined. The results provide little support for the major hypothesis that children 'suffer' psychologically from having poor dentition. Several points of caution are made with regard to this conclusion and some implications for dental policy making are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The effects of social class on the uptake of orthodontic treatment.

The relationship between social class and uptake of orthodontic treatment was investigated in a longitudinal cohort study of 1018 children living in South Glamorgan, Wales. Previous studies have shown that working class people make less use of dental services and receive inferior dental care than middle class people. The present investigation examined the role of one factor which appears likely to contribute to this effect: namely, the uptake of orthodontic treatment by families from different social classes. If a significant association were shown then findings relating to the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment might be confounded by this social class factor.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Dental and social effects of malocclusion and effectiveness of orthodontic treatment: a strategy for investigation.

Study of the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment is complicated by a variety of factors, including the need for longitudinal, multidisciplinary appraisal and difficulties of randomisation, control and sample composition. This report outlines a recent initiative adopting a longitudinal, observational approach with a cohort of approximately 1000 12-yr-olds, selected by disproportionate stratified sampling in order that occlusal features of low prevalence, but high orthodontic interest, would be well represented. In the event, 4810 subjects were listed and after certain exclusions, 3420 children were screened. Using preselected screening criteria, 663 with specific occlusal features were selected and an additional 355 children with nonspecific features were randomly allocated on a pro-rata basis. This gave a final study population of 1018. Baseline dental data included the recording of caries, periodontal status and mandibular function. Study models were obtained and analysed using a new standardised technique for recording the alignment of individual teeth. Photographs of the face and dentition were collected and a rating system developed to score dental and facial attractiveness. Social-psychological data were recorded via self-rating questionnaires, interviews, parental questionnaires, teacher questionnaires and peer ratings.

Child↗
PubMed1982

The sexual nature of sexual abuse. A review of the literature.

The growing literature on sexual abuse within the family is reviewed within the context of a simple model which emphasises the role of sexual factors and de-emphasises some of the more "dynamic" factors which many other authors have stressed. Evidence from a number of studies is quoted and found to support the view that fathers engaging in sexual activity with their daughters often have unfulfilled sexual needs. They often find the child or children sexually attractive and use a variety of strategies both to deal with their own inhibitions against sexual involvement with the child and to overcome the child's own potential resistance. Furthermore, these parents often find themselves in situations which provide a special opportunity for undetected abuse and they also strive to arrange such circumstances. A view of sexual abuse as primarily fulfilling sexual needs could well lead to a significant change in the management of cases in which sexual abuse has already occurred or is seen as likely to occur.

Child↗