Biomedical subjects

N G Ordonez

Publications and source records attributed to N G Ordonez.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

Reticulum cell sarcoma of lymph node with mixed dendritic and fibroblastic features.

We report a case of clinically aggressive reticulum cell sarcoma with mixed follicular dendritic cell (FDC) and fibroblastic reticular cell (FRC) features. Histologically, the tumor was confined to lymph nodes occurring as a multifocal epithelioid and spindle cell proliferation with appreciable mitotic rate and numerous admixed non-neoplastic B-cells. Ultrastructural examination revealed elongated cells with prominent nucleoli, interdigitating cell processes and frequent desmosomes. These features are typical of FDC sarcoma. However, immunohistochemical stains showed no expression of antigens characteristic of FDCs, including CD21, CD23 and CD35. Cytogenetic characterization of this tumor, by conventional G-banding and multicolor spectral karyotyping, revealed multiple clonal chromosomal aberrations, including del(X)(p11.4) and add (21)(p11.2). Gene expression analysis by cDNA microarray of RNA obtained from short-term tumor cultures revealed high-level expression of a set of genes (including PDGF receptor-alpha and -beta, certain metalloproteinases, and CD105) that were also highly expressed in cultures of nodal FRC cultured from non-neoplastic lymph nodes. We propose that this tumor represents a nodal sarcoma with intermediate differentiation between FDCs and FRCs. This case adds to the diversity of tumors that may arise from lymph node stroma and supports a possible relationship between the FDC and FRC lineages.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Ciliated epithelia in the urethra: case report and literature review.

The presence of ciliated epithelial cells in the urethra has not been well recognized. Only two reports in the literature, both of which used scanning microscopy studies, have described this phenomenon. In this report, we illustrate the presence of scattered, ciliated epithelial cells in penile urethral biopsy specimens from a 38-year-old man with a history of bladder calculi and hematuria, by both light and transmission electron microscopy studies. The cilia in the urethra showed typical light microscopic and ultrastructural features of those seen in other organs. These ciliated cells are present in association with urothelial papilloma, condyloma acuminatum and acute inflammation of the urethra. These findings suggest that ciliated cells in the penile 0 urethra might be a consequence of metaplastic change of the urothelium, secondary to local stimulation or irritation.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

Low-grade (fibromatosis-like) spindle cell carcinoma of the breast.

Spindle cell carcinoma of the breast, a variant of metaplastic carcinoma, includes a wide spectrum of lesions with histomorphologic and nuclear features ranging from overtly malignant to mildly atypical. Spindle cell carcinomas with mildly atypical features may resemble fasciitis, fibromatosis, or myofibroblastic tumors and therefore are often misinterpreted as such. A recent study has suggested that spindle cell carcinomas with a dominant fibromatosis-like phenotype, unlike spindle cell carcinomas in general, have no propensity for distant metastasis and should be termed "tumors" rather than "carcinomas." To investigate the question of fibromatosis-like spindle cell breast carcinoma (FLSpCCs) metastatic potential, we studied cases of FLSpCC seen at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1987 and 2000. Clinical, pathologic, and immunophenotypic features were reviewed, with emphasis on biologic behavior and predictors of clinical outcome. Our series included 24 women who ranged in age from 55 to 85 years (mean 66 years). Tumor size ranged from 1.0 to 5 cm (mean 2.8 cm). Most tumors were grossly well defined but had microscopic infiltrative borders. Tumors showed a dominant fibromatosis-like or myofibroblastic-like growth pattern with prominent collagenization. Inflammatory infiltrate was noted in the majority of tumors. Cytokeratin-positive cells were seen in all cases and usually appeared as cords or sheets of polygonal cells; isolated cytokeratin-positive cells were rare. In most tumors immunoreactivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA) was confined to the cytokeratin-negative cells. In five cases intense co-expression of cytokeratin and SMA was noted. None of the tumors showed immunoreactivity for smooth muscle heavy chain myosin, estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, or HER-2/neu. Ki-67 expression was noted in fewer than 5% of tumor cells. Treatment consisted of local excision (seven cases) or modified radical mastectomy (13 cases). Treatment was unknown in four cases. In patients who underwent axillary nodal dissection, no lymph node metastases were found. Two of the six patients who underwent local excision developed local recurrence. Two patients who underwent modified radical mastectomy developed lung metastases within 2 years after the initial diagnosis. The metastatic tumors were histologically similar to the primary tumors. Our findings indicate that FLSpCCs have the potential for local recurrence and distant metastasis and should be treated accordingly. Because FLSpCCs may be underdiagnosed as benign, the use of immunohistochemical studies, especially for cytokeratins and SMA, is essential in the evaluation of any spindle cell proliferations of the breast.

Actins↗

PubMed2001

Pulmonary granuloma caused by Pseudomonas andersonii sp nov.

Pulmonary granuloma is a common lesion for which gram-negative bacteria are rarely implicated as a cause. Hence, most physicians are unaware of this etiology. We isolated a gram-negative bacterium from a surgically resected pulmonary granuloma in a 42-year-old, nonimmunocompromised woman. Within the necrotizing granuloma, numerous organisms also were demonstrated by Gram stain, suggesting a cause-disease relationship. Characterization of the bacterium by sequence analysis of the 16S ribosomal gene, cellular fatty acid profiling, and microbiologic studies revealed a novel bacterium with a close relationship to Pseudomonas. We propose a new species for the bacterium, Pseudomonas andersonii. These results suggest that the differential diagnosis of a lung granuloma also should include this gram-negative bacterium as a potential causative agent, in addition to the more common infections caused by acid-fast bacilli and fungi. This bacterium was shown to be susceptible to most antibiotics that are active against gram-negative bacteria.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Primary vulvar and vaginal extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor: diagnostic confirmation with CD99 immunostaining and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.

Two cases of extraosseous Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor arising in unusual, superficial sites are reported. One tumor involved the vaginal wall of a 35-year-old woman, and the other neoplasm arose in the dermis of the vulva in a 28-year-old woman. The tumors showed characteristic microscopic features of Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor with nodular monotonous proliferations of undifferentiated, small, round, hyperchromatic cells with a low mitotic index. Rare rosette-like formations were apparent only in the vulvar neoplasm. The tumors displayed intense immunoreactivity in a membranous pattern for CD99, the cell surface glycoprotein encoded by the MIC2 gene. Genetically, the tumors expressed the EWS/FLI-1 chimeric transcript, derived from the t(11;22)(q24;q12) chromosomal translocation. Both patients had localized disease treated with wide local excision; one received postoperative chemotherapy, and the other received chemotherapy and radiotherapy. To date, 18 and 19 months after diagnosis, neither patient has had clinical evidence of local recurrence or metastasis. To our knowledge, these are the first reported cases of vaginal and vulvar Ewing's sarcoma/peripheral neuroectodermal tumor, confirmed with molecular genetic analysis, in the English literature.

12E7 Antigen↗

PubMed2000

Lymph node micrometastases in non small-cell lung cancer: clinical applications.

A large number of patients are diagnosed every year with non small-cell lung cancer, and their prognosis and response to treatment are inversely correlated to tumor stage at initial diagnosis. Despite the surgical removal of all apparent malignancy from patients with early disease, many will relapse, presumably as a result of disease that was undetected at initial evaluation. In an effort to identify those patients who have early lymph node involvement by metastatic disease, several groups of investigators have searched for the presence of micrometastases in hematoxylin-eosin-negative lymph nodes using immunohistochemical or molecular methods. Four of six groups of investigators using immunohistochemistry have found a significant incidence of lymph node micrometastases and a direct correlation between the absence of micrometastases and disease-free survival; these are encouraging results that require confirmatory studies. Molecular methods may potentially offer increased sensitivity; however, their high cost and the requirement to process large numbers of samples limits their use to research settings at present.

Journal Article↗

PubMed1999

Cytogenetic analysis of a primary salivary gland myoepithelioma.

Myoepithelioma, a rare benign salivary gland neoplasm, is a tumor composed entirely of myoepithelial cells. Unlike pleomorphic adenoma, these tumors lack any ductal epithelial differentiation, and manifest a minor stromal element. Previous cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies have mainly investigated pleomorphic adenomas and reported recurring specific chromosomal alterations at 8q12 and 12q13-q15 regions. The cell origin of these alterations, however, remains speculative. We report the cytogenetic analysis of a parotid myoepithelioma and discuss the putative origin for the cells with cytogenetic alterations. Our analysis shows 12q12 involved in a translocation with a previously unreported partner (1q), and nonrandom del(9)(q22.1q22.3) and del(13)(q12q22). Our results indicate that the myoepithelial cell is the source of those cells with chromosomal alterations, and that myoepithelioma shares 12q alterations reported in a subset of pleomorphic adenomas.

Actins↗

PubMed1999

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma to the bladder: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study.

Although rare, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) can metastasize to the bladder. When this occurs, it might complicate diagnosis. Morphologically, RCC can be confused with transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs), especially those exhibiting clear cell features, and also with other bladder tumors, such as paragangliomas and metastatic melanomas. We report seven cases of RCC metastatic to the bladder that occurred in 6 men and 1 woman who were 35 to 69 years old. The most common presenting symptom was the reappearance of hematuria, which developed from 2 to 131 months (mean, 41.3 mo) after the removal of the primary RCC. In all of the patients, the metastatic RCC involved multiple organs; no case had an isolated metastasis to the bladder. The prognosis was poor, and five patients died of disease between 4 and 24 months (mean, 12.8 mo) after diagnosis of the metastasis to the bladder. The remaining two patients were lost to follow-up. All of the tumors were conventional clear or "granular" cell RCCs, with nuclear grades of 2 or 3. In five patients, metastases were confined to the lamina propria, but in two patients, tumors involved the muscularis propria as well. A comparative immunohistochemical study showed that metastatic RCCs were positive for CAM5.2, vimentin, and Leu-M1, and negative for cytokeratin 20, cytokeratin 7, 34betaE12, carcinoembryonic antigen, S-100 protein, HMB45, and chromogranin. Classic and clear cell TCCs were positive for all of the cytokeratins and carcinoembryonic antigen and negative for vimentin. Paragangliomas were positive for chromogranin and showed scattered positivity for the S-100 protein in the sustentacular cells. Metastatic melanomas were positive for S-100 protein and HMB45. The histologic appearance of RCC, particularly the delicate fibrovascular stroma with abundant sinusoidal vessels, is a feature that can be used to recognize the tumor. When there is difficulty diagnosing metastatic RCC, TCC, or other tumors in the bladder, the immunohistochemical findings can assist in the differential diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1999

Extrapleural solitary fibrous tumor: a clinicopathologic study of 24 cases.

Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs), rare in extrapleural sites, can present difficulties in diagnosis at these locations. From the files of the M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, we accessed 24 cases of extrapleural SFT (14 females, 10 males, ages 19 to 85 yr) obtained for clinical, histologic, immunohistochemical, and follow-up findings. Tumor locations included the head and neck (n = 12), the abdomen (n = 10), and the extremities (n = 2). Tumors were 2 to 25 cm in greatest dimension (mean, 8.2 cm) and were well circumscribed or encapsulated. Histologic features were typical of their pleural counterparts, e.g., bland spindle cells with some hypercellular areas and myxoid to hyalinized backgrounds. A hemangiopericytic vascular pattern was present in 19 cases and prominent in 11. Mitotic activity ranged from 0 to 4 counts per 10 high-power fields. Necrosis was seen in two cases. Focally increased cellularity was seen in seven cases and margins were positive in another seven cases. Spindle cells were positive for vimentin (19 of 19) and CD34 (18 of 20), and negative for cytokeratin (0 of 19). Fibroblastic differentiation was present in the three cases studied by electron microscopy. Flow cytometry in three cases revealed diploid cell populations. Follow-up for 19 cases (9 to 99 mo) revealed no evidence of metastasis, although one patient had residual tumor after an incomplete excision, and one patient died of unrelated causes. Histologic findings such as mitotic counts, necrosis, cellularity, and marginal status were not associated with outcome. We conclude that extrapleural SFTs are clinically and histologically similar to their pleural counterparts. Although the length of clinical follow-up was short (mean follow-up, 41.4 mo), recognizing these lesions is important because they typically follow an indolent clinical course if completely excised. Although CD34 is nonspecific, it is usually positive in SFTs and may aid in their diagnosis.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

The prognostic significance of the biomarkers p21WAF1/CIP1, p53, and bcl-2 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The clinical course of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) varies considerably among patients. New biologic markers are needed to facilitate the stratification of individual patients within the conventional clinicopathologic stages of LSCC. METHODS: Eighty-three LSCCs from an equal number of patients who received at least 10 years of follow-up were investigated for p53, p21WAF1/CIP1, and bcl-2 protein expression by immunohistochemical techniques. The results were correlated with various clinicopathologic parameters, DNA content, and patient outcome by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. RESULTS: Stage IV disease, large tumor size (>3 cm), positive lymph node status, extranodal extension, and p53 overexpression (in > 75% of cells) correlated significantly with prognosis in univariate analysis. There was no correlation between patient outcome and age, gender, race, histologic differentiation, or expression of bcl-2 or p21WAF1/CIP1. In multivariate analysis, lymph node status and p53 overexpression were the only factors significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS: High p53 expression and positive lymph node status were independent predictors of the outcomes of patients with LSCC. These factors may assist in prognostication and better classification of patients for treatment.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Prognostic biomarker study in pathologically staged N1 non-small cell lung cancer.

PURPOSE: The prognostic influence of 6 biomarkers correlated to histologic subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on loco-regional control, overall survival, disease-free survival (DFS), and distant disease control (DDC) rates, all measured at 5 years, were examined. MATERIALS & METHODS: Cell blocks from the primary tumors of 137 patients with pathologically staged N1 NSCLC at MDACC were analyzed by 6-biomarker status correlated to histological subtypes and their outcomes. RESULTS: The ranges of biomarker values were as follows: apoptotic index, 0.2-2.8%; mitotic index, 0-1.8%; the proportion of cells in S+G2M, 3-36%; p53 status, 0-100%; Ki-67, 0-9.3%; DNA index, 1.0-2.74. Subtypes of 137 cases from the postoperative pathology specimen showed that 74 patients had squamous carcinoma and 63 patients had adenocarcinoma. Mean and median lengths of follow-up were 4.21 years and 2.43 years, respectively. Patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) had a better 5-year survival (p = 0.006), DFS (p = 0.002), and distant metastasis control (p = 0.002) than patients with adenocarcinoma (AC). Among patients with AC, the DNA index was a significant predictor of 5-year DFS (p = 0.02), DDC rate (p = 0.04), and local-regional control (p < 0.05). Higher apoptosis (p = 0.03) and mitosis indices (p = 0.03) were also univariate predictors of increased distant disease among patients with AC. Multivariate analysis of patients with AC revealed that the DNA index and Ki-67 were the only significant independent predictors of distant metastasis (p < 0.04 and p < 0.02, respectively) and DFS (p < 0.04 for both). Among patients with SCC, univariate analysis showed that S+G2M proportion (p < 0.05) and Ki-67 levels (p < 0.02) were significant predictors for local-regional control; for SC, multivariate analysis showed that only mitosis was a significant predictor in this case for overall survival (p < 0.04). CONCLUSION: Spontaneous apoptotic index and Ki-67 were significantly higher in SC than in AC. Patients with SC had less distant metastasis better DFS and overall survival than those with AC. Multivariate analysis revealed that DNA index and Ki-67 status were significant predictors for DDC and DFS in patients with AC, but only mitotic index was a significant predictor of overall survival for patients with SCC.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1998

Multiple unrelated translocations in a metastatic epimyoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland.

We report the cytogenetic, fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and DNA flow cytometric analysis of a rare metastatic epimyoepithelial carcinoma of the parotid gland to the lung with a clinical course of 29 years. DNA content and FISH analyses of tumor and short-term culture cells showed diploid DNA content and lack of numerical chromosomal abnormalities. Immunohistochemical analysis of the short-term culture cells showed predominantly keratin positive and sparse desmin staining supporting an epithelial rather than myoepithelial origin. Cytogenetic analysis showed 46,XY karyotype with clonal translocations of t(3;22)(q13.2;q13.1), t(1;7)(q21;q22), t(8;9)(p10;p10), and t(5;6) (q35;q21). Our findings indicate that these alterations developed in a diploid stemline during tumor progression and in the epithelial component of this tumor.

Adult↗

PubMed1998

Concurrent cytogenetic, interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization and DNA flow cytometric analyses of a carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of parotid gland.

We report the cytogenetic, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and DNA ploidy analyses of a high grade carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma of the submandibular gland. Our overall combined analyses showed a marked DNA aneuploidy and numerical abnormalities involving all chromosomes. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a near tetraploid modal chromosomal number with tetraploid loss of chromosomes Y, 1, 6, 9, 11, 14, 15, 17, and 19-21 and hypertetraploid gain of chromosomes 7, 8, and 22. The structural abnormalities included der(1;14)(q10;q10), del(6)(q15q34), +del(6)(q15q34), +der(8) t(1;8)(q12;q12.2),der(9;19)(q10;q10),add(14)(p11.2),i(20)(q10),der(21) t(8;21)(q11.2;q22.3),+der(21)t(8;21) (q11.2;q22.3). Interphase FISH of the primary and short-term cultured cells using directly labeled pericentromeric probes for chromosomes 6-12, 17, 18, and Y resulted in alterations corresponding to the cytogenetic findings. DNA ploidy analysis of both the primary and cultured tumor cells showed a hyperdiploid stemline with DNA indices of 2.6. The results indicate that: (1) marked numerical, structural chromosomal, and DNA content abnormalities are present in this tumor; and (2) alteration at 8q and 6q regions, together with previous results, suggest an association between these events and the development and/or progression of this tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗

PubMed1998

Male adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin occurring in a seminal vesicle.

AIMS: Adnexal tumours of probable Wolffian origin are rare low-grade malignant neoplasms that have been previously described in the broad ligament, ovaries and retroperitoneum of females. All are characterized by small, bland epithelial cells growing in a diffuse, trabecular, or tubular pattern. The majority of the cases reported have pursued a benign clinical course. However, recurrences and distant metastases have been described. We present a case of a male adnexal tumour of probable Wolffian origin occurring in the left seminal vesicle of a 29-year-old man with 23 years of follow-up. RESULTS: The diagnosis is supported by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic findings: The tumour cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin and vimentin while smooth muscle antigen and S100 protein were uniformly negative. By electron microscopy cells were arranged in an acinar pattern and surrounded flocculent, electron-dense material. Individual cells contained numerous dense bodies and free ribrosomes. The patient had recurrences at 14 and 23 years after initial diagnosis. CONCLUSION: This is the first report of this entity in a male. The literature on this unusual tumour is reviewed and the clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural features are described. The differential diagnosis of this seemingly indolent tumour is discussed with genitourinary tumours having a more aggressive clinical course.

Adnexal Diseases↗

PubMed1997

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia of the thyroid: report of two patients, one with distant metastasis, and review of the literature.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma with eosinophilia (SMECE) is a recently recognized malignant neoplasm of the thyroid gland. Two additional cases of this condition which occurred in a 70-year-old woman and a 69-year-old woman are presented. The case of the 70-year-old woman (patient 1) is the first report of distant metastasis, besides lymph node metastasis, for this type of tumor. The patient initially presented with a thyroid mass, and the thyroid gland with surrounding cervical lymph nodes was removed. Because of focal keratin "pearl" formation, the tumor was misinterpreted as a metastatic squamous cell carcinoma to the thyroid. Approximately 4 years later, the patient developed a left supraclavicular mass and lung densities. A pathological fracture of the right humeral head followed, and the left supraclavicular mass recurred along with newly developed subcutaneous nodules on the chest wall and arm. Open lung and bone biopsies revealed metastatic SMECE, which was morphologically identical to that of the thyroid mass. The 69-year-old woman (patient 2) had, in 1983, undergone thyroidectomy with left radical neck dissection; this had been diagnosed as follicular carcinoma of the thyroid with lymph node involvement. After multiple isolated lymph nodes metastases, the patient developed locally extensive, recurrent tumor that showed microscopic features of SMECE. Review of the previous thyroid tumor and lymph nodes revealed the same type of histology. To our knowledge, only a single report containing eight cases of this distinctive carcinoma of the thyroid has been published. Herein we describe characteristic morphological features of two additional cases of this rare malignancy, one with distant metastasis, and we review the related literature.

Aged↗

PubMed1997

Vascular adrenal cysts: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of six cases and a review of the literature.

The clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of six cases of hemorrhagic adrenal pseudocysts are reported together, with a review of the English literature on this topic since 1950. The mean age at presentation was 57 years (range, 30-72 yr). There were four men and 2 women. The average cyst size was 9.2 cm (range, 6-16 cm). In four patients, the hemorrhagic adrenal pseudocysts were incidental findings. The remaining two patients presented with an abdominal mass and hypertension, respectively. The hemorrhagic pseudocysts were unilocular cystic masses surrounded by a fibrous capsule and containing abundant amorphous material, blood, and fibrin. Numerous dilated, thin-walled, vascular channels that stained strongly for Factor VIII-related antigen, collagen IV, laminin, Ulex europaeus agglutinin I lectin, and CD34 were present within the fibrous capsule, cyst contents, and surrounding residual adrenal gland. These findings support a vascular origin for these lesions, and they are thought, therefore, to be related to endothelial adrenal cysts. The literature review of 111 vascular adrenal cysts (85 hemorrhagic pseudocystic type and 26 endothelial type) showed similar clinical features. The mean age at presentation was 44.5 years (range, 5 d-95 yr), with a female predominance (62%). The most common clinical presentation was abdominal pain (35%), followed by incidental findings (32%). There were no significant clinical differences between hemorrhagic and endothelial type cysts. In some cases, the presence of intracystic islands of cortical cells can cause diagnostic confusion with adrenal cortical tumors. The presence, however, of a rich intracystic and capsular vascular network, normal-appearing islands of cortical cells, and abundant thrombotic fibrinous material, rather than necrotic tumor cells, should rule out the possibility of a degenerating adrenal cortical neoplasm.

Adrenal Gland Diseases↗

PubMed1997

Intraluminal crystalloids in breast carcinoma. Immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and energy-dispersive x-ray element analysis in four cases.

OBJECTIVE: Intraluminal crystalloids have been described in the prostate, salivary gland, and ovary, but have not yet been reported in the breast. We report four cases of breast carcinoma in which these crystalloids were found in ducts with intraductal carcinoma or atypical hyperplasia. The presence of intraluminal crystalloids may be a useful adjunct in making a diagnosis of carcinoma or may be a feature to look for as a marker for the presence of carcinoma. DESIGN: Four cases of breast carcinoma containing intraluminal crystalloids were identified among 6900 surgical breast specimens between January 1990 and June 1995 at M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Tex. Those sections with crystalloids identified by hematoxylin-eosin stain were stained with periodic acid-Schiff, Alcian blue, and mucicarmine stains. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis were also performed on these sections. RESULTS: The intraluminal crystalloids were eosinophilic, varied in shape and size, and did not exhibit birefringence under polarized light. Immunohistochemically, the crystalloids were negative for keratin, muscle-specific actin, and kappa and lambda light chains, but the surfaces stained positively for epithelial membrane antigen. By electron microscopy, the crystalloids had no limiting membrane and were composed of an electron-dense material with no discernible periodicity. By energy-dispersive x-ray element analysis, the crystalloids had no mineral content; however, sulfur was found, indicating a protein content. CONCLUSIONS: The pathogenesis and constituents of these intraluminal crystalloids remain to be determined. Inasmuch as intraluminal crystalloids have not been found in normal ducts or acini, or in ductal hyperplasia without atypia, their presence may serve as a marker for breast carcinoma.

Adult↗

PubMed1997

The induction of benign epithelial neoplasms of the ovaries of guinea pigs by testosterone stimulation: a potential animal model.

We studied the effects of different hormones on the epithelial cells of the ovaries of 11 guinea pigs. Three received testosterone, two received estrone, three megestrol, and three chorionic gonadotropin. Three control guinea pigs received sterile water. Benign epithelial cysts larger than 1.5 mm were found in six guinea pigs, three who received testosterone, one who received megestrol, and two who received chorionic gonadotropin. In one of the three guinea pigs who received testosterone, 2.5-cm bilateral cysts were grossly identified. Papillary excrescences were found on the ovarian surface in four guinea pigs, three who received testosterone and one who received megestrol. The proliferating epithelial cells also formed benign glands in the ovarian stroma in two guinea pigs who received testosterone, the most exuberant epithelial proliferations, including large bilateral cystadenomas, papillary excrescence that formed a small papillary neoplasm, and glands in the ovarian stroma that formed adenomatous areas, were seen in the guinea pig who received an intermediate dose of testosterone for the longest time. By radioimmunoassay, the serum level of testosterone was 22 ng/dL in one of the controls and 10,000, 12,000, and 15,000 ng/dL in the three guinea pigs who received testosterone. In the guinea pig with the most exuberant epithelial proliferation, the level of testosterone in the uterus was similar to that in the serum (13,860 ng/mg), but in the wall of the ovarian epithelial cyst, it was three times higher than it was in the serum (44,000 ng/mg). Our study shows that testosterone stimulates the growth of epithelial cells in the ovaries of guinea pigs, resulting in benign cysts, small adenomas in the ovarian parenchyma, and papillomas on the ovarian surface. The study also shows that guinea pigs can be used as an animal model for epithelial tumors of the human ovary.

Animals↗