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Biomedical subjects

N G Toremalm

Publications and source records attributed to N G Toremalm.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Effects of cystic fibrosis serum and cell culture medium on the mucociliary activity of the respiratory tract. An in vitro study in rabbits.

As previously reported a cystic fibrosis factor (CFF) is associated with the dyskinetic ciliary motion induced by serum and cell culture medium from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). In this study a sensitive, standardization method, for the photoelectric recording of mucociliary activity was used to examine the effect of sera and media from cell cultures taken from patients with CF and healthy controls, on the mucociliary activity of rabbit trachea in vitro. No signs of decreased mucociliary activity were observed and electron microscopy showed normal ultrastructure and orientation of cilia.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

On cystic fibrosis factor (CFF) and its proposed influence on mucociliary function.

Cystic fibrosis is a systemic disease where symptoms from the respiratory tract are important. The frequent infections in paranasal sinuses as well as in the lower respiratory tract are related to the occurrence of thick, viscous secretions. Spock et al. (1967) described an abnormal serum factor in patients with cystic fibrosis. This cystic fibrosis factor has been associated with dyskinetic ciliary motion induced by serum and cell culture media from patients with cystic fibrosis. In this study a sensitive method for photoelectric recording of the mucociliary function was used to examine the effect of sera, cell culture media and bronchial lavage fluids from patients with cystic fibrosis. No sign of decreased mucociliary activity was found. Electron microscopy showed morphologically normal cilia.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Effect of human leukocyte enzymes on tracheal mucosa and its mucociliary activity.

Human neutrophil granulocytes contain proteolytic enzymes. In purulent bronchial and paranasal secretions these enzymes have been found extra cellulary in complex with enzyme inhibitors as well as in free form indicating saturation of the inhibiting capacity. Isolated human leukocyte enzymes, elastase and neutral protease, were found to arrest the mucociliary activity and subsequently cause superficial tissue destruction. Elastase was found to be the most potent of the enzymes. Experimental studies with elastase together with specific inhibitor indicated the importance of the enzyme inhibitors for the integrity of the mucous membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

The mucociliary activity of the upper respiratory tract. III. A functional and morphological study on human and animal material with special reference to maxillary sinus diseases.

Local mucociliary activity (mucociliary wave frequency) was recorded in vivo and in vitro in maxillary sinus diseases. Activity was fairly normal even in cases with chronic purulent sinusitis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sometimes showed a quantitative reduction of cilia. The mucociliary wave frequency was mostly about 1000 waves/min, and there was no in vivo/in vitro discrepancy. Antral mucosa was compared to adenoids, nasal polyps and healthy rabbit trachea. The mucociliary wave frequency was about the same in all materials.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1977

Intra- and extracellular activity of ciliated cells.

A method permitting simultaneous recording in vitro of the intracellular and extracellular ( = mucociliary) activity of respiratory ciliated mucous membrane is presented. Using this method the influence of different temperature levels (20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees C) upon the tracheal mucous membrane of 15 rabbits has been investigated. It is shown 1) that the extracellular ( = mucociliary) activity increases with rising temperatures whereas the intracellular activity is unaffected and remains constant, indicating a temperature influence upon the respiratory tract mucus rather than a change of the intracellular "pace-maker" mechanism; 2) that the restraining effect of the mucus decreases with rising temperatures but is still 10% of the intracellular frequency at body temperature; 3) that the presented method should be useful for future investigations concerning the effect of air-pollution and pharmacological substances upon respiratory mucous membranes.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1976

Chondromyxoid fibroma of the petrygo-palatine space.

A patient who for five years had obstinate unilateral facial pain, difficult to interpret, was found to have an expanding process in the left retromaxillary space. Histological examination of a biopsy specimen revealed chondromyxoid fibroma. This tumour is rarely seen in the bones of the face and has never before been described in this area. The clinical and histological findings are described and discussed.

Chondroma↗
PubMed1976

Surgical elimination of drooling.

Drooling involves great practical problems in the care of patients with cerebral paralysis and mental deficiency. Different types of medical and surgical treatments have been used. In 17 disabled patients chorda tympani has been cut bilaterally in order to reduce the production of saliva, especially from the submandibular and sublingual glands. The loss of taste on the anterior part of the tongue seems to contribute to the reduction of salivation. Fifteen patients have been observed postoperatively during two to four years. Five patients have been cured, two are considerably improved and seven partially improved. The effect of nerve section was illustrated by Tcm99 scintigraphy in two additional cases before operation and six months postoperatively. No complications were observed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Effects of ionizing radiation on the activity of the ciliated epithelium of the trachea.

The immediate effect of ionizing radiation on the activity of the ciliated epithelium of the trachea has been investigated using a light reflection method. This method enables continuous registration of the mucociliary activity both during and after irradiation. A notable increase of the mucociliary activity occurred within 5 seconds after beginning of irradiation and this activity reached its maximum 10 seconds after initial exposure with a dose rate of 0.34 Gy/s (34 rad/s). The mechanism causing the phenomena observed is not clear but theoretically it might be due to ATP, the source of energy of the cilia being freed by the irradiation, possibly through disturbances of the permeability in the mitochondrion membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Functional anatomy of the musculature of the trachea.

The smooth musculature of the human trachea was studied and compared with earlier observations in the rabbit. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. The annular m. constrictor tracheae, previously observed in the rabbit, has also been identified in the human trachea. 2. Longitudinal muscle fibers outside the constrictor musculature were observed in man. These fibers are rudimentary and appear to be of no functional importance. 3. From a functional point of view, it appears justified to regard the outer tracheal musculature largely as a constrictor musculature. 4. The main function of the outer musculature of the trachea and the elastic cartilaginous arches is to maintain the stability of the tracheal wall. 5. The variation of the lumen of the trachea is mainly controlled by the m. trachealis in the pars membranacea.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma.

A case of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma in a 14 year old boy is presented on account of the endocrinological investigation performed before, during, and after treatment with 15 mg/day diethylstilbestrol for more than one month. Previously, the tumor had recurred in spite of extensive surgery. Secondary sexual characteristics were normal and the development of puberty at the age of 12-13 years seemed not to have influenced tumor growth. In contrast to certain previous reports, normal functions were found regarding the pituitary, the gonads, the adrenal cortex, and the thyroid gland in our patient. The tumor continued to grow in spite of the diethylstilbestrol therapy.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1975

The mucociliary activity of the upper respiratory tract.

A clinical in vivo - in vitro method for functional mucociliary studies via surface-light reflections is described as well as a method for intracellular recording of electrical activities in ciliated cells. Two types of surface-light reflections can be recognized - one from the secretion layer and one from the tops of lashing cilia. Internal and external cell activities als well as muco-rheological factors can be compared under the control of environmental influences such as air temperature, humidity and gas mixtures. The method can also be used for different clinical purposes.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Bronchial cancer - a clinical and pathological study. I. Histopathology and metastases.

Among 16,394 necropsies during the 12-year period, 1958-1969 (representing about 60% of all persons who died in Malmö during this period, 747 cases of bronchial cancer were found in 744 individuals. There were considerable differences in frequency of different histologic types with regard to sex. Two main classes have therefore been distinguished: Group I, comprising squamous epithelial cancer and anaplastic cancer (including oat-cell cancer), which was predominant among men; and Group II, comprising adenocarcinoma, bronchiolar carcinoma, carcinoid and bronchial gland tumour, which was of more or less equal frequency in both sexes. Compared with other malignant tumours, bronchial carcinoma had a strong tendency to metastasise to the adrenals, brain, kidneys and skeleton. Bronchial cancer did not differ from other tumours with regard to lymphogenous spread but had a stronger tendency to spread via the blood stream. Squamous epithelial cancer showed the strongest tendency to remain confined to the thoracic cavity.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1975

Bronchial cancer - a clinical and pathological study. II. Frequency according to age and sex during a 12-year period.

A necropsy series of bronchial cancer combined with a retrospective clinical study comprising 747 cases of bronchial cancer from a defined population is described. A significant successive increase in the frequency of bronchial cancer during the 12-year period 1958-1969 was found. The increase during three successive 3-year periods will be as much as 45, 86 and 146%, respectively, if the 1958-1960 frequency is set to 100%. In contrast to many other investigations this increase was found in both women and men (the relative increase was exactly the same in both sexes) and for both Group I and Group II tumours. The ratios between men and women and between Group I and Group II tumours in the present material were thus constant throughout the investigation. This may be explained by the assumption that the female population today has smoked cigarettes for a sufficiently long period to stimulate the development of bronchial cancer and that there seems also to be a correlation between Group II tumours and cigarette smoking.

Adenocarcinoma↗