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Biomedical subjects

N Garabedian

Publications and source records attributed to N Garabedian.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

[The choice between mono- and multielectrode implants in rehabilitation of total deafness in young children].

We underline the necessity to supply a prelingually totally deaf patient with some sound information before the critical age of about 5-8 years, which we had previously experimentally demonstrated on the guinea pig. Multichannel cochlear implant is the most efficient and must be placed most of cases. However, specially in case of total ossified cochlea, single channel cochlear implant is the only usefull. The respective indications of these two different systems are discussed as a function of pronostic preoperative data, cochlear total ossification, and financial considerations. The decision to supply a young totally deaf child with a cochlear implant must be considered as an emergency.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

[Acute otitis media in children: a randomized and open clinical trial of the efficacy of 2 major antibiotics (erythromycin ethylsuccinate/acetyl sulfafurazole vs amoxicillin/clavulanic acid)].

In a prospective randomized open study, 111 young children with otitis media were orally treated during 10 days with Pediazole (50 mg/kg/day in 3 divided doses) or amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (40 mg/kg/day in 3 or 4 divided doses) for efficacy and safety evaluation. 51 children wer assigned to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (group I) and 60 to erythromycin-sulfisoxazole (group II). Mean age was respectively 24.7 months in group I and 23.4 months in group II. Results of efficacy evaluation were as follows: (table; see text) there was no statistically significant difference between the two treatment groups for efficacy. Overall safety was good. The treatment was discontinued only in four cases (3 in the amoxicillin + clavulanic acid group and 1 in the EES-sulfisoxazole group). In conclusion, Erythromycin sulfisoxazole combination (Pediazole) fits in with current epidemiological profile of Acute Otitis Media and represents a therapy of choice in this indication.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Results and indications of cochlear implant in 19 cases of total pre-speech deafness].

From June, 1987, to January, 1900, 19 patients aged 3 to 56 years have been rehabilitated for total deafness occurring prior to the acquisition of speech, ie. before age 2, whatever its cause. Some degree of hearing was achieved in all cases. However, the rate and steadiness of progress in auditory recognition, the daily period of use of the device and the changes in the behavior were inversely proportional to the patient's age. This leads to proposing cochlear implants for all patients, especially children, and all the more largely as they are young.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Tonsil diffusion of cefixime in children].

Cefixime is a new oral cephalosporin antibiotic, with broad-spectrum of activity, near than of third generation cephalosporin, especially against betelactamase producers bacteria. Cefixime has been assayed with microbiological method in tonsils of 21 children (mean age 59 months). Tonsillectomy was performed 5 hours after a third dose of 4 mg/kg cefixime. Plasma levels were evaluated 10 hours after the second dose, with mean level of 0.84 micrograms/ml (0 to 1.35). Blood level was evaluated after third dose, during amygdalectomy was 1.24 micrograms/ml (0.1 to 3.9). Tonsils levels were: for right tonsils 0.74 micrograms/g and for left tonsils 0.53 micrograms/g. Cefixime was not detected in both tonsils of 6 children, and in one of the two tonsils in 11 of them. The tonsils penetration of cefixime was about 1 microgram/g in the case where cefixime was detectable. This penetration is not regular as for other betalactam antibiotics in relation with fibrosis of tonsils tissue inhibiting a good diffusion of antibiotic.

Cefixime↗
PubMed1989

[The dilated vestibular aqueduct syndrome].

The authors analyse the clinical, radiological and audiometric findings in a population of 89 ears of 49 patients. There was no correlation between bone malformation and auditory deficit which was often profound. This anomaly occurs during the 7th week of embryogenesis and represents one facet of the dysplasia of Mondini.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Results and therapeutic indications of the electrical stimulation of the round window in 581 cases of bilateral total deafness].

Round Window Electric Stimulation necessitates to remove the ear drum to directly place the electrode tip in the round window niche. This test supplies the patient with a sound sensation in 93% of cases presenting a total deafness. It may be realized either under local or general anesthesia owing to brain stem evoked auditory responses. This test supplies the surgeon with precious informations regarding the cochlear implant indications.

Cochlea↗
PubMed1985

[Reduction of bleeding during microsurgery of the middle ear by amiodarone].

Operative bleeding was reduced in 47 patients undergoing middle ear microsurgery by means of an intravenous infusion of Amiodarone. Total doses of the order of 1 mg.kg-1 were remarkably effective without adverse effects. This result is attributed to the capacity of Amiodarone to reduce the increase in blood pressure and particularly the tachycardia induced by release of endogenous (operative stress) and exogenous (local adrenaline infiltrations) catecholamines.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Comparative study of 2 chemotherapy induction protocols. Cisplatinum-methotrexate-bleomycin and oncovin-methotrexate-bleomycin].

A prospective randomized study was conducted in 77 patients with stages III and IV epidermoid carcinomas of the buccal cavity, oropharynx, and pharyngolaryngeal regions to compare effects of two induction chemotherapy regimens: cisplatinum, methotrexate, bleomycin, and oncovin, methotrexate, bleomycin. Tumoral response and complications were analyzed as a function of the regimen, the tumoral site, and the stage. Chemotherapy including cisplatinum provided a tumoral response in 58.8 p.cent of stage III pharyngolaryngeal epitheliomas as against 38.4 p.cent with oncovin, methotrexate, bleomycin, but with a higher frequency of complications.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1983

[2 modalities in the embryogenic process of frontonasal cysts and fistulae].

The two principal embryogenic theories, persistence of residual structures remaining after closure of the anterior neuropore and inclusion of epiblastic derivatives in the prenasal space, may be combined, with resulting two embryonic varieties of these malformations. Glabellar cysts, with or without fistulae extending them downwards, and which remaining at superficial level may perforate the true nasal bones. Other fistulae can develop which extend deeply and present variable dilatations with a more or less oblique path upwards depending on the level of their opening into the nose.

Cysts↗
PubMed1983

[Acquired facial paralysis in children. Our experience apropos of 72 cases].

Results of therapy as a function of etiology are discussed in relation to 72 cases of acquired facial palsy in children. Spontaneous recovery occurred in 28 of the 33 cases with idiopathic facial palsy, this representing the most common form (46 p. cent of total) and appearing to have a still better prognosis than in adults. An infectious origin was determined in 19 cases (26 p. cent). Medical treatment produced complete recovery in 7 of the 8 cases with otitis, while simple mastoidectomy relieved 8 of the 11 patients with facial palsy due to mastoiditis. The indications for operative intervention should be widened in post-traumatic cases (14 in this series) with immediate onset of paralysis. Similarly, medical treatment of secondary paralysis should not delay surgery in cases with no regression after three weeks.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[1-stage operation in major aplasias of the ear. Value of combined plastic and functional intervention].

In spite of imperfections, combined functional and plastic surgery is of value of treating major aplasias of the ear. The two operative procedures can be performed by the same surgeon or the same team when the child has reached 5 to 6 years of age. The technique involves the use of sliding pedunculated flaps, with rotation in the auricular region, and the employ of conventional otologic microsurgical methods (homograft, moulded temporal aponeurosis). Results in 48 cases demonstrated auditory improvement of more than 20 decibels in 47-5 p. cent of cases, and 30 to 40 decibels in 20.8 p. cent.

Ear, External↗
PubMed1983

[Neonatal facial paralysis. Our experience apropos of 44 cases].

Forty-four cases of neonatal facial paralysis have been treated in the ENT department for children in the hôpital Trousseau, paris. In nearly half of the cases the etiology was related to nervous or muscular aplasia, while in the other cases of traumatic, infective, or doubtful etiology, the severity and course of the paralysis served as a guide to choice of therapy. Surgery was indicated in only 13 cases and recovery was obtained in 4 infants, with more or less marked sequelae. Prognosis is very poor in cases treated at a late stage, especially when the nerve appears to be greatly altered or compressed by callus. Surgical exploration should therefore be undertaken reasonably early (6 weeks to 2 months) when total paralysis persists or becomes worse after initial improvement.

Birth Injuries↗