PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Guérin

Publications and source records attributed to N Guérin.

44 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the immunization coverage of young children in France. Results of surveys and methodologic analysis].

Twelve immunization coverage surveys were held in France between 1981 and 1986, for 24 to 59 month old children, using World Health Organization cluster survey methods. The results were comparable to those obtained with other evaluation methods, either exhaustive or using random samples. 80-96% of the children were immunized with BCG, DPT and Polio vaccines. Important variations are noted over a period of time and from one place to another for measles, rubella and mumps vaccines, so that further sustained effort is needed to reach rates high enough to reduce the incidence and complications of these diseases.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Serological effects of Edmonston-Zagreb, Schwarz, and AIK-C measles vaccine strains given at ages 4-5 or 8-10 months.

To examine the value of vaccinating children against measles at age 4-5 months three groups of children in Togo were randomly assigned to receive high-dose Edmonston-Zagreb, high-dose Schwarz, or AIK-C vaccines at that age. Two other groups were vaccinated at age 8-10 months, with either the standard Schwarz vaccine or the same batch of AIK-C as for early immunisation. For the 55% of children who were seronegative before vaccination at age 4-5 months seroconversion rates were 96% with the AIK-C, 94% with the Edmonston-Zagreb, and 50% with the high-dose Schwarz. The immune response rates for children who were seropositive before vaccination were estimated to be around 50% with the high-dose Edmonston-Zagreb and AIK-C strains and 10% with the Schwarz strain. Seroconversion rates for vaccination at 8-10 months were 87% for the AIK-C and 68% for the Schwarz strains. Thus vaccination with the high-dose Edmonston-Zagreb or the AIK-C strain at 4-5 months was as good as vaccination with the AIK-C strain at 8-10 months and better than vaccination with the standard dose Schwarz strain at 8-10 months. These findings require confirmation by further investigations, particularly epidemiological studies, but they already provide evidence that the administration of AIK-C and high-dose Edmonston-Zagreb strains at 4-5 months is at least as effective as vaccination with the standard strains at 8-10 months.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1989

[Tetravalent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine].

Two hundred forty-nine infants were immunized after being randomly allocated to the classical Tetracoq vaccine or to inactivated poliomyelitis vaccines prepared on monkey kidney cells or on Vero-type continuous cell lines either mixed with DPT or placed in a 2-compartment syringe separating (by-pass) the polio vaccine from the DPT. The 3 preparations were well tolerated and led to a good immune response: the first after 3 injections, the second and third after the second injection.

Clinical Protocols↗
PubMed1981

Clinical trial of concentrated inactivated polio vaccine in a simplified immunization program.

The aims of the trial were: 1) to verify the effectiveness of injectable polio vaccine (inactivated) combined with concentrated diphtheria and tetanus toxoid, in one or two injections given at an interval of 6 months; 2) to compare the killed polio vaccine with the oral vaccine which is recommended in the Ivory Coast program: 4 doses in 15 months. The effectiveness of the immunizations is judged by the serum antibody levels 8 to 12 weeks following immunization. The comparative study of 2 inactivated polio vaccines A and C with live oral vaccine showed the superiority of inactivated vaccine, which resulted in good seroconversion after a single dose. The increase in the serologic response is proportional to the antigenic mass since it appears that the concentration of vaccine C is double that of A.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Control of Haemophilus influenzae infections].

The results of all clinical trials and mass immunization programmes carried out over the past few years are extremely encouraging and should be the prelude to systematic immunization. Three vaccines that are immunogenic in infants over 6 weeks old, are now available: HbOC linked to diphtheria toxin, PRP-OMP linked to a meningococcus protein, and PRP-T linked to tetanus toxoid. Their safety has been demonstrated particularly when administration at a very early age before the period of risk. Efficacy has been demonstrated, even in population groups who do not respond well to non-conjugate vaccines. Immunogenicity persists even in unfavourable contexts such as individuals with sickle-cell anaemia or leukosis or a previous history of vaccine failure. The duration of immunity amply covers the period of risk and probably a longer because of the booster effect of natural infections. The possibility of combining Hib vaccine with other routine immunizations in infancy will reduce the cost of this additional immunization. Thus it is possible to envisage its integration into immunization programmes in developing countries. Cost/benefit studies show advantages. What is needed now is to achieve high immunization coverage, guaranteeing efficacy of immunization at national level, by ensuring that health personnel as well as families are fully informed about the seriousness of Hib infections and the good tolerance and efficacy of the conjugate vaccines.

Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins↗