Physical fitness, anthropometric and metabolic parameters in vegetarian athletes.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Hanne.
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The early detection of hypertension is of foremost concern. It may be that individuals who are normotensive at rest but who show an exaggerated blood pressure (BP) response to exercise are at greater risk of developing hypertension in the future. From exercise tests, a group (ER) of healthy young males who were normotensive at rest (BP less than or equal to 140/90) but showed an exaggerated BP response to exercise (systolic BP greater than or equal to 200 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP 10 mm Hg to greater than 90 mm Hg) were selected. A control group (NR) with exercise BP values less than these were matched for age, weight/height, skinfold thickness, resting BP less than or equal to 140/90, resting heart rate, aerobic fitness level, physical activity, smoking history, and family history of hypertension. After a follow-up period of 5.8 years (range 3 to 14 years) eight of the subjects from the ER group were found to be hypertensive, whereas none of the NR group were hypertensive. Stepwise multivariate regression showed the exercise blood pressure to be the best predictor of future blood pressure of the parameters reviewed in this study. Exaggerated BP response to exercise may serve as an additional risk marker for hypertension.
Maximal oxygen uptake (Vo2max) was estimated in 1,200 sedentary men aged 18 to 50 years and in 400 active athletes aged 18 to 30 years participating in 10 different kinds of sport. The Vo2 in the 18- to 30-year-old sedentary group was 34.3 +/- 9.7 (SD) ml - kg-1 - min-1, and in the 31- to 40- and 41- to 50-year age groups a similar value of 28.1 +/- 9.9 ml - kg-1 - min-1 was recorded. The results in the sedentary group were lower than those recorded in active populations in other countries by 20 to 40%, possibly due to lack of physical activity. The mean Vo2max in 400 active athletes was 54.8 +/- 10.0 ml - kg-1 - min-1, which is very similar to Vo2max values recorded in active populations in other countries. The difference between the mean Vo2max of the 18- to 30-year-old sedentary group and that of the active one was found to be signifcant (P less than 0.005). The highest mean Vo2max values among the athletes were recorded in the group of long-distance runners (60.8 ml - kg-1 - min-1) and cyclists (61.9 ml - min-1), while unexpectedly low mean Vo2max values were recorded in the group of swimmers (50.1 +/- 8.1 ml - kg-1 - min-1) and football players (51.7 +/- 9.1 ml - kg-1 - min-1).
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