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Biomedical subjects

N Hirao

Publications and source records attributed to N Hirao.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

The treatment of bladder cancer by neothramycin.

Neothramycin (NTM), an anthramycin-group anticancer antibiotic, was used in the treatment of superficial carcinoma of the bladder. NTM was instilled into the bladder in the following dosages. Ten mg NTM in 20 ml of sterile distilled water was given first, and increased to 40 mg in 20 ml. This procedure was performed every second week to twice a day. Recently, in 2 patients, the treatment has been combined with 20 mg NTM intravenous administration. In 4 of the 11 patients (36%) the tumors disappeared completely, while in 6 patients (55%) there was partial disappearance of more than 50% and in one patient (9%) there was no effect. Three of the patients had irritable bladder symptom (temporarily). NTM was concluded to be effective for superficial carcinoma of the bladder.

Administration, Intravesical↗
PubMed1986

[Fungal urinary infection: report no. 1].

Clinical studies were performed on 115 fungal strains isolated from the urine of 36 patients. The predisposing factors were fungal urinary tract infections, antibiotics and indwelling catheter. Forty five strains of the 115 strains were Candida albicans, the most prevalent, followed by 25 strains of C. tropicalis and 22 strains of Trichosporon beigelii. Species of Torulopsis were rare, only 5 strains were isolated. Sixty strains (56%) co-existed with bacteria in urine. The co-existing bacteria most frequently isolated were Pseudomonas and Streptococcus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5-FU was measured using the Bact-Morphology Agar medium. C. albicans, C. guillermondii, and Torulopsis glabrata showed an excellent MIC (under 0.78 microgram/ml), C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, T. beigelii, and T. cutaneum showed a poor MIC (over 100 micrograms/ml).

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Silicone pig-tail catheter for the upper urinary tract].

Experience with pig-tail designed silicone rubber catheter for upper urinary tract is reported. There are several sizes of catheter: the small size (5, 6 F) is adequate for cystoscopic ureteral stenting, and the large size (8-14F) is suitable for the purpose of urinary diversion e.g. nephrostomy, cutaneostomy. In cases of long-term indwelling catheter like nephrostomy and cutaneostomy, there were some advantages; remarkably decreased frequency of catheter exchange, and prevention and/or treatment of dermatitis around the urostoma with Varicare system II. As a splint catheter after urinary tract surgery e.g. pyeloplasty, ureteroplasty, pyelolithotomy, the catheter was excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Pharmacokinetic study of cefmenoxime concerning its transfer into tissues].

Cefmenoxime (1 g) was intravenously administered by one shot to investigate its pharmacokinetic profile with respect to transfer into the kidney, vesical wall and prostatic adenoma. The concentration of cefmenoxime in the kidney reached a peak of 403 micrograms/g at 0.17 hour after administration. The biological half-life was 0.74 hour. In the vesical wall, the level of cefmenoxime reached a peak of 28 micrograms/g at 0.67 hour after administration. The half-life was 2.30 hours. The peak level of cefmenoxime in the prostatic adenoma was 22 micrograms/g at 0.39 hour after administration. The half-life was 2.90 hours. The concentrations of cefmenoxime in these urogenital tissues were higher than its MIC80 and MBC80 against various Gram-negative organisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Combination (RaHPP) of radiotherapy, hyperthermia and chemotherapy (peplomycin and picibanil) for bladder cancer].

Four patients with urinary bladder carcinoma were treated by combination therapy which consisted of hyperthermia vesical irrigation of two anticancer drugs (peplomycin and picibanil), intravesical instillation of those drugs and radiation. Following the therapeutic method we planned, 40 mg of peplomycin and 10 KE of picibanil in 1,500 ml of sterile distilled water was irrigated at 42 to 43 degrees C into the bladder for 3 hours; 40 mg of peplomycin and 10 KE of picibanil in 40 ml of sterile distilled water was instilled into the bladder; and, the focus was irradiated with 60Co to a focal dose of 200 rad 30 minutes later. This pattern of treatment was repeated once a week, 3 to 5 times in total. On the days this pattern was not taken, 5 KE of picibanil in 20 ml of sterile distilled water was instilled into the bladder cavity. Complete response was observed in one patient and partial response in 3 patients. The side effect was temporary irritable bladder symptom.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical evaluation of Claforan (CTX) in aged patients with chronic complicated urinary tract infections].

Claforan (CTX) was administered for 5 days at a daily dose of 4 g in two divided doses by intravenous injection to 18 in-patients, all of whom were over 70 years old and had chronic complicated urinary tract infections. The overall clinical efficacy of CTX was excellent in 4 cases, moderate in 8 cases and poor in 6 cases, the overall effectiveness rate being 66.7%. Twenty seven out of 34 organisms isolated from chronic complicated urinary tract infections before administration of CTX were eradicated after treatment. Both clinical findings and laboratory findings revealed no side effects. It is suggested that CTX is useful and a safe drug for elderly patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical evaluation of dynamic renoscintigraphy using 99mTc-DTPA in practical urology. I. Diagnosis of ureteral calculi, cystic kidney and hydronephrosis].

Clinical usefulness of the renoscintigraphy using 99mTc-DTPA in practical urology was investigated for two years. 99mTc-DTPA injection and injectable preparation kit (supplied by Nihon Medi-Physics Co.) were used. The dynamic blood flow of the renal parenchyma could be detected from serial images and curves on the perfusion phase. Information of clear nephrogram and function of the upper urinary tract could be obtained from serial images and renogram. Separate and total renal function could be evaluated. This method of examination is evaluated as very safe, because no side effects were produced and radiation dose is low. This examination may be a useful tool and the first choice in practical urology.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Experience using the laser rod in urological surgery].

The clinical use of a new surgical tool the "Laser Rod" is presented. This rod is made of ceramics and utilizes a neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd-YAG) laser. With the Laser Rod, the surgeon can cut tissue by mechanical contact and still feel the resistance from the target tissue. In this study, this device has been used in various urological surgical procedures, such as nephrolithotomy, retropubic prostatectomy, ileocecal conduit diversion, urethroplasty and circumcision of the penis. Our results showed that laser surgery using this device, enables bloodless incision with minimal damage to adjacent tissue. In conclusion, the Laser Rod will probably be very useful in urological surgery, and its indications should be expanded through further study.

Dermatologic Surgical Procedures↗
PubMed1984

[Statistics on outpatients and inpatients at the urological department of Kosei Hospital 1975-1982].

Statistical observations of 19,678 outpatients and 2,601 inpatients at our department from 1975 to 1982 revealed the following results. The new cases in the outpatient clinic were in decreasing order nonspecific infections (50.8%), urogenital tumors (11.9%), urolithiasis (9.3%) and urogenital anomalies (8.0%). The inpatients according to the organ were in decreasing order kidney (29.6%), prostate (25.5%), bladder (13.4%) and ureter (11.9%). Operations were performed 2,414 times. Frequent operations were in decreasing order phimosectomy (360 times, 14.9%), TUR-Bt (284 times, 11.8%), transurethral cryosurgery of the prostate (215 times, 8.9%), vasectomy (190 times, 7.9%) and orchiopexy (152 times, 6.3%). More young persons comprised the outpatients of our hospital than at other facilities.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[On the clinical effects of cefotiam on acute cystitis and changes in form of E. coli in the urine].

Cefotiam (CTM) was administered to female patients suffering from acute cystitis to examine its clinical efficacy and changes in form of the bacteria in urine. CTM was administered to 15 female patients with acute cystitis once a day for three consecutive days (1 g/time in 13 cases, and 0.5 g/time in 2 cases). The overall clinical efficacy was 100%. Bacteriological examination, revealed 13 cases of single infection by E. coli, and one case of E. coli and S. epidermidis (MIC: 0.78 micrograms/ml). MIC of E. coli ranged from 0.05 to 0.78 micrograms/ml. All of the strains were eradicated, the eradication efficacy being 100%. The forms of bacteria in the urine after the administration of CTM were examined in 8 cases (all due to E. coli). Bacteria in urine disappeared or formed a spherical form 5 minutes after the administration of CTM. Disappearance of E. coli was observed in 7 cases at 15 or 30 minutes after drug administration, and with the disappearance, improvements were also observed in the urinary findings. Of these cases, the urinary concentration of CTM was measured in 4 cases. It ranged from 296 to 6,893 micrograms/ml at 5 minutes after the administration. In one case of deficient excretion in urine, filamentation was observed, and with the rise in CTM concentration in urine, granular changes were observed in the shape of bacteria. CTM's excellent clinical efficacy was substantiated by the changes in the form of bacteria in urine.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1983

[A case of retroperitoneal malakoplakia].

A case of retroperitoneal malakoplakia is reported. A 50-year-old female was admitted with the chief complaint of right flank pain. Intravenous pyelography, computed tomography, selective iliac arteriography and abdominal echography revealed right pararenal abscess and the right renal tumor suspected. About one liter of yellowish fluid was drained from the retroperitoneal space, but no right renal tumor was found. Pathological diagnosis was retroperitoneal malakoplakia postoperatively. This is assumed to be the second case of retroperitoneal malakoplakia in Japan.

Female↗
PubMed1977

Purification and properties of urinary alkaline ribonucleases from patients with nephrotic syndrome.

Four urinary alkaline ribonucleases (RNase, EC 3.1.4.22) were purified from patients with nephrotic syndrome using phosphocellulose, DEAE-cellulose and Sephadex G-75 chromatographiy. These enzymes were designated as RNases 1--4, respectively, in order of elution on phosphocellulose chromatography. The respective purification of each fraction was 41-, 23-, 34- and 27-fold with a total recovery of 25%. The pH optima of these RNases were around 8.5 with Tris/HCl buffer and the reaction was activated by mono- and divalent cations, such as Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, but inhibited by Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+. EDTA had little effect on the velocity of reaction. The molecular weights of RNases 1--4 were estimated by gel filtration as 45 000, 32 000, 20 000, and 13 000, respectively. Each enzyme hydrolyzed pyrimidine nucleotides preferentially with higher affinity for poly(C) than poly (U) as determined with synthetic polymers and was free from other nucleolytic enzymes. The patients with renal disorders excreted one to four RNases in urine and the number of enzymes increased as the concentration of urinary protein increased. On the other hand, normal subjects excreted a single fraction essentially identical to RNase 1.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome I. Purification of exfoliatin and maternal transmission of neutralizing ability against exfoliatin.

Exfoliatin, an exotoxin produced by phage group 2 staphylococci, was separated and was analyzed. The toxin was separated in a single peak by Sephadex G-100 gel filtration and subsequent DEAE Sephadex chromatography. By acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis this single peak was found to contain 2 components both of which posessed exfoliative activity and the same antigenic properties. Their molecular weight, however, differed; the major component had a molecular weight of 30,000 and the minor component had 27,000. The toxin was stable when heated at 60 degrees C for 40 minutes, and labile at 100 degrees C for 20 minutes. The toxin was immunogenic to mice and produced antibody which could be transmitted to neonatal mice to neutralize exfoliative activity of the toxin. Innoculation of the bacteria caused the production of antibodies against both exfoliatin and alpha-hemolysin in mice. The antibodies were also transmitted to neonatal mice to neutralize the exfoliative activity of exfoliatin.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome. II. Serum level of anti exfoliatin and anti alpha-toxin in patients with staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome or bullous impetigo.

In order to study the differences between staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and bullous impetigo, the anti exfoliatin level was assessed in the sera from both groups of patients, and no significant difference in the level was found. However a significant difference was noted in the anti alpha-toxin levels in sera from both group of patients; that of SSSS patients was much lower than that of impetigo patients and of children in a control group. Five out of 6 patients with SSSS showed an unchaged level of anti alpha-toxin at the second examination, while an increased anti exfoliatin level was noted in 4 out of 6 SSSS patients.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Purification and properties of alkaline ribonuclease from human serum.

1. Five alkaline ribonucleases (EC 3.1.4.22) were purified about 140- to 1900-fold from human serum by phosphocellulose and DEAE-cellulose chromatographies and Sephadex G-75 filtration, with a total recovery of 22%. These were designated as RNAases 1-5. 2. Optimum activities were observed at pH 8.5-8.7 for RNAases 1-4, and at pH 7.5 for RNAase 5. The molecular weights of these enzymes were estimated by gel filtration as 45 000, 32 000, 20 000, 13 000 and 8500, respectively. 3. These RNAases were found to be heat-labile proteins but are markedly stabilized with bovine plasma albumin. The reaction was activated by Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, and inhibited by Co2+, Fe2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+. EDTA had little effect on the velocity of the reaction. Spermine caused 2- to 7-fold activation. 4. Among the substrates examined, these RNAases preferentially hydrolyzed pyrimidine bodies and except for RNAase 5 had a higher affinity for poly(C) than poly(U) as substrate. Each enzyme was free from other nucleolytic enzymes and hydrolyzed only RNA.

Chromatography, DEAE-Cellulose↗