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Biomedical subjects

N Hochman

Publications and source records attributed to N Hochman.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Tooth contact during dynamic lateral excursion in young adults.

Tooth contact in mediotrusion as well as the signs and symptoms of periodontal and mandibular dysfunction were recorded in healthy patients aged between 20 and 31 with Angle class I or II. Non-functional side contact (NFSC) was found in 94% of the patients, indicating that it is a common phenomenon. In cases of NFSC, the entire range of movement, and not only the final stage of tip-to-tip contact on the working side, should be recorded. Slight positive mobility with tooth faceting, as compared to the adjacent and contralateral teeth, was observed in 56 patients. There was no correlation between mediotrusion and mandibular dysfunction. The cumulative effects of NFSC are not well documented, and longitudinal follow-up studies should be carried out to clarify these.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Prevalence of viral antibodies in gingival crevicular fluid.

The prevalence of antibodies to CMV, Mumps and Coxsackie virus strains 1, 3 and 4 was studied in 39 samples of gingival crevicular fluids (GCF) obtained from clinical healthy patients and compared to the corresponding antibodies present in the serum of each individual. In spite of the high prevalence of humoral antibodies to CMV (75%), only 24% of the gingival crevicular fluid samples exhibited IgG or IgA antibodies to this virus. The differences in the prevalence of antibodies against Mumps virus in the sera and GCF were even greater: whereas 87% of the patients exhibited serum antibodies, not even a single gingival fluid sample was found to be positive. Antibodies to Coxsackie B strains 1, 3 and 4 were found in 72%, 63% and 52% of the sera and in 25%, 19% and 33% of the gingival fluid samples (IgG only). The presence of the antibodies and their profile in GCF and serum is different. The mechanism of possible permeation is not clear but it seems that viral antibodies in this milieu are not derived from the serum solely by passive transudation, and that the antibodies are produced locally at least in some of the GCF specimens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Splinting: a retrospective 17-year follow-up study.

A retrospective 17-year, longitudinal study monitoring 66 patients with fixed partial denture and removable partial denture restorations revealed that perceptive splinting was beneficial and enhanced the longevity of the restoration. The study discussed the advantages and disadvantages of splinting, the survival rate of splints and splinted teeth, and the importance of oral hygiene and a periodic maintenance program.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1992

Contribution of oral habits to dental disorders.

Oral habits or parafunction may contribute to dental, periodontal, or neuromuscular damage. Such habits, of which the patient is often unaware, may cause considerable damage. Habits may be occlusal or non-occlusal, and may affect the dentition and/or the oral soft tissues. Drawing a patient's attention to the damage caused by some habits of which he or she is unaware often leads to cessation, whereas with certain conscious habits, such as nail or finger biting, success is much more limited.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

The masticatory pattern as an adjunct for diagnosis and treatment.

The sagitally-viewed masticatory pattern was investigated in 125 dentate patients. In 25 patients, the phenomenon of an incisal guided phase during mastication was observed. Clinical examination of these cases revealed slight to severe incisal attrition or various degrees of flaring. The hypothesis that the incisal guided phase contributes to this phenomenon and should therefore be taken into consideration during treatment is put forward.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Detection of herpes simplex virus in gingival tissue.

The presence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) antigens was shown by immunofluorescence staining in 26 of 66 (39.3%) specimens of clinically healthy gingiva, but only one sample contained infectious virus. HSV DNA sequences were clearly identified in intact gingival cells by dot blot hybridization in one specimen, and a weak pattern in a second one. Both specimens harbored viral antigens. These findings of viral genome and protein expression suggest that the virus is present in the latent form in the gingiva.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Reversal of immune dysfunction in osteopetrotic rats by interferon-gamma: augmentation of macrophage Ia expression and lymphocyte interleukin-2 production and proliferation.

Lymphocytes from osteopetrotic (op) rats, compared to their normal (n) littermates, exhibit defective immune functions associated with their inability to resorb bone. Among these immune defects are the failure of their spleen cells to proliferate normally to mitogens and to generate IL-2. Addition of exogenous IL-2 failed to reverse the suppressed proliferation in the op spleen cells, indicating that additional defects were involved in the suppression. Phenotypic analysis of cellular constituents of op and n spleens revealed that the percentages of T cells, macrophages, and IL-2 receptor positive cells were not different. Furthermore, there was no difference in CD4 (W3/25) and CD8 (OX8) cells. However, the Ia+ (OX3) cells in the op spleen represented less than 50% of those found in the n spleen, but the op had higher levels of transferrin receptor (OX26). On the basis of the ability of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) to increase Ia expression, this cytokine was added to op spleen cells (10-50 U/ml) and found to increase the number of Ia+ cells to the level found in n spleen cells. Moreover, pretreatment of op spleen cells with IFN-gamma restored their ability to proliferate to mitogens and their responsiveness to IL-2. Not only did IFN-gamma reverse the defective response to IL-2, but it also augmented the defective IL-2 production by op spleen cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that IFN-gamma can reverse many of the impaired immune functions characteristic of op spleen cells in vitro. Furthermore, these data suggest that IFN-gamma may provide an important avenue of treatment in these animals that may contribute to restoration of normal bone resorption.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Functional and esthetic rehabilitation of an adolescent cleft lip and palate patient.

Many patients with clefts that also affect the alveolar ridge present with congenital absence of the permanent maxillary lateral incisors. This paper describes the treatment of an adolescent cleft lip and palate patient whose missing and unesthetic maxillary incisors were replaced by a combination of fixed and removable partial dentures.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Various methods in achieving anterior guidance.

The anterior teeth are essential for esthetics, phoentics, and mastication and are equally involved in protecting posterior teeth. A 10-year longitudinal study of treatment modalities was conducted for overbite-overjet occlusal relationships. Comprehensive treatment combining orthodontics, occlusal adjustment, and selective restorations minimized the need for extensive restorative dentistry. The treatment of selected patients with a 10-year postoperative evaluation was discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Severe vertical overlap: a modified method of treatment.

Severe vertical overlap may predispose the patient to abnormal function, improper mastication, excessive stress, and functional problems such as bruxing, clenching, and craniomandibular disorders. This report describes the establishment of a new occlusal relationship by using the potential of posterior tooth eruption with the Hawley bite plane or the canine platform method. It was used in patients with a full complement of teeth or with some missing teeth. Patients treated by either the Hawley bite plane or the canine platform demonstrate a stable and long-lasting new occlusal relationship. The method described is efficient, inexpensive, and convenient to the patient.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed1989

Oral cavity herpes simplex virus--a risk factor to dental personnel and patients. An overview.

Herpes virus antigens were found in the sulcular epithelium of approximately 60% of patients with clinically healthy gingiva. In addition, specific antigens for herpes simplex virus (HSV) were found in the sulcular epithelial cells of patients undergoing periodontal treatment. Specific antibodies were also detected in 70-80% of the gingival fluids collected. On the basis of these data we hypothesized that the oral cavity may act as a preferential site for latent HSV. Thus, stressful events such as traumatic dental treatment and tissue damage may elicit herpetic episodes, risking dental personnel. Measures of precaution are indicated for routine dental treatment.

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1987

The cantilever fixed partial denture: a 10-year follow-up.

A 10-year study of patients with cantilever fixed partial dentures suggests that these prostheses can be used for both anterior and posterior replacements. Guidelines for cantilever prostheses are described. Fixed cantilever prostheses are favorable alternatives to certain types of unilateral removable partial dentures. Proper oral hygiene is essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Hypothesis: the gingival tissue as a reservoir for herpes simplex virus.

The reservoir site of Herpes simplex virus (HSV), from the primary infection until reactivation and in between recurrences was found to be in the dorsal roots of the trigeminal ganglion or in the sensory root ganglion. However, the triggering of viral genome in the ganglion does not exclusively explain the recurrences and appearance of skin lesions. Other sites cannot, therefore, be excluded, and virus may well be occult also in extraneural tissues. Herpes virus antigens were found by us in the sulcular epithelium of approximately 60% of patients with clinically healthy gingivae; we therefore hypothesised that the epithelial cells might act as the preferential site for latent HSV. In order to prove this assumption, viral genome should be traced in cells of oral tissues, and efforts should be made to rescue virus.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1983

Sensitivity of oral tissues to herpes simplex virus--in vitro.

Epithelial and fibroblast cells from the human gingival sulcus area were cultivated in vitro, and their sensitivity to the herpes simplex virus (HSV) was studied. Fibroblasts were sensitive to HSV infection and supported virus multiplication as evidenced by nuclear inclusion bodies and a cytopathogenic effect. Epithelial cells which were primarily devoid of HSV antigens were infected with HSV as demonstrated by positive immunofluorescent staining and damage to the cells at a later stage. Epithelial cells that were found to harbor HSV antigens upon removal from the patients prior to infection in vitro, maintained these antigens throughout the period of in vitro cultivation. The sensitivity of both epithelial cells and fibroblasts from the gingival sulcus area to HSV infection in vitro is significant for the understanding of the role of these tissues as a primary site of infection and as a possible reservoir for the latent virus between recurrences.

Antigens, Viral↗