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N I Briko

Publications and source records attributed to N I Briko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Present-day Clinical characteristics of scarlatina].

AIM: To study present-day clinical manifestations of scarlatina. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors have reviewed 138 case histories of children with scarlatina treated outpatiently and 51 case histories of hospitalized scarlatina children as well as social and age characteristics of 1657 children and 108 adults hospitalized in the infectious hospital N 1 in 1962-2001. Official data on scarlatina morbidity in Moscow and Russia for 1991-2001 are presented. Antibiotic sensitivity of 414 cultures of group A streptococci (GAS) isolated in 1987-1995 and 1996-2001 was investigated. RESULTS: Overall and seasonal scarlatina morbidities in 7-14-year-olds appeared to rise significantly. In the majority of cases scarlatina took a mild course but in the adults clinical picture of the disease was rather severe. GAS demonstrated high sensitivity (about 100%) to betalactamic antibiotics. The percentage of erythromycin-resistant streptococcal cultures increased more than 9-fold and reached 1.9% (1996-2001). There is a marked trend to a proportional increase of GAS cultures resistant to tetracycline and gentamycin. CONCLUSION: Recently, changes have occurred in scarlatina epidemiological and clinical features. Different sensitivity of GAS to antibiotics must be taken into consideration for prescription of etiotropic treatment and prevention of scarlatina at jobs.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Stages and results of Epidemiology Department activities].

The paper sums up the activities of Department of Epidemiology of Medical Prophylaxis Faculty, I. M. Setchenov Moscow Medical Academy, in the 70 years of its existence. The Department plays the leading role in training specialists for sanitary and epidemiological service of the country. The main research, training, and methodological works in this speciality were prepared by the Department staff members, who prepared curricula for pre- and postgraduate training. For many years the department has been the methodological center in epidemiology training. Trends of research at the Department are concentrated on the pressing problems of general and special epidemiology. Due to activities of the department staff, epidemiological aspects have been studied and fundamentals of prevention and liquidation of many infectious diseases in the country have been formulated: enteric and streptococcal infections, typhus, tularemia, diphtheria, etc. Problems of epidemiological geography, including nosogeography, territorial and republican epidemiology have been investigated. Functioning of parasitic systems and mechanisms of epidemic process in some infections have been characterized with due regard for modern theoretical, methodological, and organization base of epidemiology. The data were used for developing new basis and organization forms of epidemiological surveillance of infectious diseases.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed2001

[Group A streptococcus-induced diseases early in the 21st century: state of the problem and prospects of prevention].

The review presents the present state of the problem due to the diseases caused by group A streptococci. Greater interest in streptococcal infections is associated with a recent rise in the incidence of these diseases in many countries of the world, including Russia, with group cases of severe generalized forms and higher death rates being notified. Of priority significance in human diseases are serogroup A beta-hemolytic streptococci among which there are those that have returned into the circulation of defunct pathogen serotypes that are noteworthy for higher toxigenicity. The specific feature of a streptococcal infection is the cyclic character of an epidemic process: in parallel with 2-4-year periods there are also 40-50-year cycles. The undulation found is attended by the appearance and disappearance of particularly severe clinical forms of streptococcal infections. Immunodiagnostic techniques based on the determination of specific antibodies to streptococcal antigen has enjoyed the widest application in diagnosing streptococcal infections today. The therapeutical measures include the use of etiotropic and pathogenetic agents and direct toward eradication of the infecting organism and towards prevention of pyoinflammatory and autoimmune complications. Penicillin is the drug of choice in treating all forms of streptococcal infections. Despite progress in streptococcal vaccine design, there is no specific prophylaxis of streptococcal infection now, which determines the high value of antiepidemic measures.

Disease Outbreaks↗
PubMed1998

[Susceptibility of beta-hemolytic streptococci to antibiotics and alternative drugs].

Antibiotic susceptibility of the circulating beta-hemolytic streptococci of serogroups A, B, C and G isolated from healthy and sick children and adults within 1987-1996 (more than 900 cultures) was studied. It was shown that the MICs of betalactam antibiotics did not change (within the susceptibility levels) with respect to the serogroup A, C and G streptococci. The number of the strains resistant to erythromycin and lincomycin increased the same as the frequency of the strains simultaneously resistant to chloramphenicol, tetracycline and gentamicin. Tomicid and solkarmon, drugs alternative to antibiotics, were found to be active against the above streptococci groups and efficient in the treatment and prophylaxis of streptococcoses. A suggestion that betalactams are not safe in the treatment of the toxic shock syndrome due to the group A streptococci is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Immunoenzyme test system for detecting antibodies to group-specific antigens of group A Streptococcus on the base of conjugated N-acetylglucosamine and its use in medical practice].

Enzyme immunoassay kit has been created for detecting antibodies to group A Streptococcus, based on N-acetylglucosamine. N-acetylglucosamine was selected as the group-specific determinant due to the structure of group A Streptococcus polysaccharide, in which this monosaccharide residue is lateral to the main polysaccharide chain and hence more available for antibodies. Water-soluble polyacrylamide is the carrier in this kit, for this carrier is stable and not liable to nonspecific reaction with proteins. In addition, the synthesis of polyacrylamide conjugates ensures reproducible results. Use of this kit permits the identification of group A streptococcal etiology of the disease and thus carry out appropriate therapy; moreover, it helps predict the outcome of an acute streptococcal infection and detect the poststreptococcal complications in the early period of the disease.

Acetylglucosamine↗
PubMed1995

Antibodies against proteins of streptococcal hyaluronate synthase bind to human fibroblasts and are present in patients with rheumatic fever.

Antibodies directed against the streptococcal 42 kDa hyaluronate synthase and a 56 kDa auxiliary protein bound to the surface of intact human fibroblasts in vitro. Staining was most prominent during the detachment phase of mitosis. In eukaryotic plasma membranes a 52 kDa protein was recognized by the antiserum against the 56 kDa streptococcal protein. Since the cross-reacting proteins could be involved in immunological mimicry between streptococcal and human antigens leading to heart cell necrosis, the reactivity of sera from patients with rheumatic fever was compared with that of sera from healthy or streptococcal infected persons. The sera from patients with rheumatic fever showed a higher reactivity against the 56 kDa protein than those from healthy persons or from patients with an antibiotic treated streptococcal infection. This difference was not observed for the 42 kDa protein. These sera were able to lead to cell lysis in the presence of complement.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1995

[The diagnostic and prognostic significance of the indices of the immune response to streptococcal group A antigens in rheumatism].

Serum samples obtained from 33 patients with acute rheumatic fever (ARF), 60 patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and 30 adult healthy persons have been studied. Antibodies to streptococcal A polysaccharide (SAP) and lypoteichoic acid (LTA) were examined by ELISA, to streptolysin O by standard technique. SAP antibodies in high titers persisted from 5 to 12 months in ARF and rheumatic carditis patients especially when RHD was developing. High titers of antibodies to LTA and SLO persisted for 3 months since ARF onset, then fell (p < 0.05). ELISA proved sensitive in determination of antibodies to SAP and LTA. Its combination with determination of the titers to SLO antigens confirmed Streptococcus A infection involvement in emergence of ARF in all the cases including insidious or late-onset carditis and chorea. High levels of antibodies to SAP and LTA were more frequently detected in patients with RHD than in healthy persons (p < 0.001). Correlation between frequency of high levels of antibodies to SAP and bicillin 5 or erythromycin administration, duration of RHD was not established.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Enzyme immunoassay test system for detection of antibodies to Streptococcus pyogenes group-specific A polysaccharide in blood droplets on paper].

An enzyme immunoassay-based test system has been developed to assess the level of specific antibodies to A polysaccharide which permits analysis of material (droplets of native sera or blood eluate) collected on filter paper. Special variants of the test system permit separate detection of IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies. The test system is fit for clinical and epidemiologic studies.

Adolescent↗