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Biomedical subjects

N I Newton

Publications and source records attributed to N I Newton.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1981

Automatic ventilation with the Ayre's T-piece. A modification of the Nuffield Series 200 ventilator for neonatal and paediatric use.

A simple modification to an existing adult ventilator has been designed to permit mechanical ventilation of neonates and small children with the Ayre's T-piece circuit. The Nuffield Anaesthesia Ventilator Series 200 has been modified by replacing the piston in the patient valve with a fixed leak. This arrangement avoids the problems of critical adjustment commonly encountered with other methods of converting adult ventilators to paediatric use, and allows the ventilator controls to be used normally. The ventilator has been assessed according to the proposed International Standards Organization specifications for the evaluation of the performance of lung ventilators, and the results are described in detail. The modified ventilator is shown to perform as a time-cycled pressure generator capable of delivering tidal volumes between 10 and 300 ml at frequencies from 10 to 85/minute. It is therefore ideally suited to neonatal and paediatric use.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1978

Excessive airway pressure during anaesthesia. Hazards, effects and prevention.

The modern continuous flow anaesthetic machine supplies gases under high pressure directly to the patient's trachea. Accidental obstruction to the outflow of expired gases is not uncommon, and may lead to the application of excessive pressure to the patient's airways with potentially disastrous results. The ways in which obstruction to outflow may occur, and the factors which affect the subsequent rise in intrapulmonary pressure are enumerated. The effects of a substained elevation of airway pressure on cardiac output are discussed and an outline is given of the sequence of events which lead from alveolar rupture to the development of mediastinal emphysema and tension pneumothorax. Finally, suggestions are made for ways in which the patient can be protected from excessive airway pressure, by routine use of a pressure-limiting reservoir bag in conjunction with a suitable pressure-limiting valve on all anaesthetic breathing attachments.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗